Talk given by Antonio Alberti at 4th Brazil Korea Forum 2014. Discusses about Future Internet architectures and nanotechnologies. Presents the idea of the Internet of Micro and Nano Things (IoMN), an emerging paradigm for convergence of both areas.

1. FUTURE INTERNET AND THE “THINGS”
© Antônio M. Alberti 2014
Antonio Marcos Alberti
!
27th August 2014

2. 1. Panorama on the Current Internet Status
ü The Internet has invaded most aspects of life and society,
changing our lifestyle, work, communication, and social
interaction.
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ü Nobody doubts about the fundamental role of the Internet on our
information society.
© Antônio M. Alberti 2014
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ü The Internet has strong impact on economy, specially on the
services sector (70% of GDP on modern economies).

3. 1. Panorama on the Current Internet Status
ü However, it was designed in an era where technological
© Antônio M. Alberti 2014
development was completely different from today.
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ü There was not enough capacity to support sophisticated
networking services - the solution was to design a simple, but
robust network.
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ü The terminals were fixed, inside secure university/government
environment - there was not attackers!!
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ü During decades, it was incrementally developed and deployed,
achieving impressive scales!!!

4. 1. Panorama on the Current Internet Status
ü The result is a complex agglomerate of incremental protocols
that inherits the grown legacies of decades of patchwork
solutions.
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ü New protocols must live with the limitations of the preceding.
© Antônio M. Alberti 2014
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ü Intermediary layers have been added to overcome unplanned
situations, reducing network efficiency.
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ü While at the physical layer we are approaching to the theoretic
Shannon’s limit of channel capacity, at network level, lots of
bytes are lost on inefficient stacking.
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ü Let’s consider an example:

5. Simple
(c) Marco Casaroli 2014

6. Virtual LAN (VLAN)
(c) Marco Casaroli 2014

7. Provider Backbone Bridge (PBB)
(c) Marco Casaroli 2014

8. Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)
(c) Marco Casaroli 2014

9. Tunnel IP over IP
(c) Marco Casaroli 2014

10. Virtual Extensible LAN (VXLAN)
(c) Marco Casaroli 2014

11. V$#^!X!LAN Waste of the precious
bit rate achieved by
physical layer!
Too much control, too
few useful information!
(c) Marco Casaroli 2014

12. 1. Panorama on the Current Internet Status
ü These limitations motivated many people to question the
adequacy of the current Internet architecture to meet the
exponential growths expected to the Internet in the next
decades!
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ü Since this question was first made, a lot of initiatives to reshape
the Internet appeared around the world - the so called Future
Internet Architecture (FIA) design.
© Antônio M. Alberti 2014
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ü There are two extremes on the path to FIAs:
ü Evolutionary
ü Clean Slate

13. 2. The Race for Future Internet Architectures
Europe: FP6/FP7/Horizon2020, PPP, KIC, Eureka, EuroNF
- EIFFEL, GÉANT2, OneLab & PanLab, NESSI, NEM, RNRT
- 4WARD, SENSEI, S-CUBE, 2020 3D, eMobility, G-Lab, AutoI
- CASCADAS, SAIL, IRATI, ABNO, NFV
- FIA: FCN, FIRE, SOFI, RWI; FI-PPP: FI-WARE, FINEST
- ETPs: NEM, NESSI, USA: NeTS e Outros Net!Works, EPoS, ENIAC.
- NewArch, 100x100
- FIND, NOSS, ProWin
- NBD, GENI, PlanetLab
- Internet2
- RINA, XIA, MobilityFirst
- CCNx, NDN
© Antônio M. Alberti 2014
‣ Map of world wide initiatives
Japan: NICT, Univ. Tokio.
-Akari, Net. Virtual. Lab.
-JGN, JGN2, JGN2+
-Spark
Map: Wikipédia.
© Antônio M. Alberti
Canada:
- Canarie
Asia:
- AsiaFI
- CJK
Korea:
- FIF, MOFI,
- IDCOM, DIANA
Brazil:
- RNP, FIBRE
- Horizon
- RouteFlow
- NovaGenesis
China:
- CNGI
This is our approach!

14. NovaGenesis
‣ What is it?
‣ A Clean Slate
Convergent
Information
Architecture
‣ A Framework
Easily
Integrated with
the Current
Internet
‣ An Alternative
to the Current
Internet
Architecture
www.inatel.br/novagenesis
Fig. 1. Full mesh of synergies and dependencies among future Internet ingredients. © Antônio M. Alberti 2014
subscribing of services require authentication, secrecy, integrity, and authorization.

15. 3. Future Internet and the “Things”
ü The physical world will be increasingly integrated to the virtual
© Antônio M. Alberti 2014
one.
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ü New applications are emerging to take advantage of this situational
information, e.g. like augment reality, ambient intelligence, social
appliances, networked cars, etc.
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ü The number of things (physical world objects) being added to
the Internet is growing up exponentially as the price of computer
and communication costs reduce every day.
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ü Additionally, technology evolution leads to miniaturization, so
we can expect smaller and smaller things forming Internets or
being integrated to the Internet.

16. 3. Future Internet and the “Things”
ü Miniaturization will probably lead to the emergence of the
© Antônio M. Alberti 2014
Internet of Micro and Nano Things (IoMNT).
Tumi-1983
From appliances to…
…barely visible (e.g. small robots)
or even invisible things (e.g.
microelectromechanical systems).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microrobot#mediaviewer/File:Robot-army.png
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microelectromechanical_systems#mediaviewer/File:Labonachip20017-300.jpg

17. © Antônio M. Alberti 2014
3. Future Internet and the “Things”
ü The challenges/opportunities:
ü How to identify or trace back a micro Thing that is transmitting a
very important data?
ü Putting an IPv6 address on it? What if it disconnects? What if it
moves?
ü We can not loose traceability to micro or nano Things
connected to the Internet while it is moving, e.g. on e-health.
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ü How to manage/control an “army” of invisible things connected to
the Internet?
ü To do it manually or to use some auto-pilot?
ü Are we prepared to an “army” of self-driven micro and nano
Things?

18. Data Information Knowledge Wisdom
© Antônio M. Alberti 2014
3. Future Internet and the “Things”
ü The challenges/opportunities:
ü The IoMNT can create a really huge flood of data that needs to be
contextualized.
ü To transform this huge amount of raw data on knowledge is one
of the biggest challenges behind the IoT.
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ü There is an entire cycle of data processing up to the
generation of knowledge, as well as its sharing.
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ü How to expose micro or nano Things capacities to software?
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ü How to change micro or nano Things behavior using software?

19. 4. Final Comments
ü We are moving to a smart Internet that enables people to express their
intents, preferences, policies, which will drive intelligent applications
towards better using and sharing our physical world resources,
creating a self-organizing fellowship of things.
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ü The convergence of Nanotechnology with Future Internet moves us
towards the direction of programmable matter.
© Antônio M. Alberti 2014
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ü This physical/virtual bridge has the potential to fully integrate the
natural world with our creations, but poses a series of unthinkable
challenges.

20. © Antônio M. Alberti 2014
Thank You!
Antônio Marcos Alberti
!
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