This document discusses control flow statements in C programming. It defines control flow statements as blocks of code that control the flow of a program. There are three main types: branching/decision making statements, iterative/looping statements, and jumping statements. Branching statements include if, else if, switch case, and conditional operators. Looping statements include while, for, and do while loops. Jumping statements are break, continue, and goto. Examples are provided for each statement type to illustrate their syntax and usage.
Rust Tutorial | Rust Programming Language Tutorial For Beginners | Rust Train...Edureka!
( ** Edureka Online Training: https://www.edureka.co/ ** )
This video on Rust Programming Language will help you understand basics of Rust programming. The following topics will be covered in this tutorial:
1. Why learn Rust?
2. What is Rust?
3. Install Rust
4. Rust Fundamentals
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The document discusses different types of decision making and looping statements in C programming. It describes simple if, if-else, nested if-else, and else-if ladder statements for decision making. It also covers while, do-while, and for loops for iterative execution. Examples are provided for each statement type to illustrate their syntax and usage.
The document discusses the basics of compiler construction. It begins by defining key terms like compilers, source and target languages. It then describes the main phases of compilation as lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, intermediate code generation, code optimization and machine code generation. It also discusses symbol tables, compiler tools and generations of programming languages.
This document discusses user-defined functions in C programming. It explains that user-defined functions must be developed by the programmer, unlike library functions. It covers the need for user-defined functions to organize code into logical, reusable units. The key elements of functions - definition, call, and declaration - are described. Functions can return values and take parameters to perform tasks. Well-defined functions make code more modular, readable, and maintainable.
Loop(for, while, do while) condition PresentationBadrul Alam
This document discusses three types of loops in Java programming: for loops, while loops, and do-while loops. It provides the syntax, flow diagrams, and examples of each loop type. Additionally, it covers the break and continue statements that can be used within loops to alter their flow control, with examples of how each statement works.
BRANCHING STATEMENTS
if statement
if – else statement
if – else if ladder
Nested if
Goto
Switch case
programs
output
flowchart
Branching / Decision Making Statements
The statements in the program that helps to transfer the control from one part to other parts of the program.
Facilitates program in determining the flow of control
Involves decision making conditions
See whether the condition is satisfied or not
If statement; Execute a set of command line or one command line when the logical condition is true.
It has only one option
syntax with flowchart
If else if ladder; Number of logical statements are checked for executing various statement
If the first condition is true the compiler executes the block followed by first if condition.
If false it skips the block and checks for the next logical condition followed by else if.
Process is continued until a true condition is occurred or an else condition is satisfied.
Switch case; Multiway branch statement
It only requires one argument of any type, which is checked with number of cases.
If the value matches with the case constant, that particular case constant is executed. If not the default statement is executed.
Break statement – used to exit from current case structure
Nested if else; When a series of decisions are involved we use more than one if-else statement.
If condition is true control passes to first block i.e., if block. In this case there may be one more if block.
If condition is false control passes to else block. There we may have one more if block.
This document provides an introduction to shell programming in Linux. It defines key terms like the kernel, processes, pipes, and filters. It explains that the kernel manages resources and I/O, while processes carry out tasks. Pipes send output between programs and filters perform operations on input. Common shells like Bash, CSH, and KSH are outlined. Shells accept commands and translate them to binary for the OS. Basic Linux commands are listed along with examples. Variables, both system and user-defined, are explained as a way to store and process data in the shell. The document provides steps for writing, naming, running and debugging shell scripts using commands like echo, cat, chmod and expressions. Local and global variables
This document discusses control flow statements in C programming. It defines control flow statements as blocks of code that control the flow of a program. There are three main types: branching/decision making statements, iterative/looping statements, and jumping statements. Branching statements include if, else if, switch case, and conditional operators. Looping statements include while, for, and do while loops. Jumping statements are break, continue, and goto. Examples are provided for each statement type to illustrate their syntax and usage.
Rust Tutorial | Rust Programming Language Tutorial For Beginners | Rust Train...Edureka!
( ** Edureka Online Training: https://www.edureka.co/ ** )
This video on Rust Programming Language will help you understand basics of Rust programming. The following topics will be covered in this tutorial:
1. Why learn Rust?
2. What is Rust?
3. Install Rust
4. Rust Fundamentals
Follow us to never miss an update in the future.
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The document discusses different types of decision making and looping statements in C programming. It describes simple if, if-else, nested if-else, and else-if ladder statements for decision making. It also covers while, do-while, and for loops for iterative execution. Examples are provided for each statement type to illustrate their syntax and usage.
The document discusses the basics of compiler construction. It begins by defining key terms like compilers, source and target languages. It then describes the main phases of compilation as lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, intermediate code generation, code optimization and machine code generation. It also discusses symbol tables, compiler tools and generations of programming languages.
This document discusses user-defined functions in C programming. It explains that user-defined functions must be developed by the programmer, unlike library functions. It covers the need for user-defined functions to organize code into logical, reusable units. The key elements of functions - definition, call, and declaration - are described. Functions can return values and take parameters to perform tasks. Well-defined functions make code more modular, readable, and maintainable.
Loop(for, while, do while) condition PresentationBadrul Alam
This document discusses three types of loops in Java programming: for loops, while loops, and do-while loops. It provides the syntax, flow diagrams, and examples of each loop type. Additionally, it covers the break and continue statements that can be used within loops to alter their flow control, with examples of how each statement works.
BRANCHING STATEMENTS
if statement
if – else statement
if – else if ladder
Nested if
Goto
Switch case
programs
output
flowchart
Branching / Decision Making Statements
The statements in the program that helps to transfer the control from one part to other parts of the program.
Facilitates program in determining the flow of control
Involves decision making conditions
See whether the condition is satisfied or not
If statement; Execute a set of command line or one command line when the logical condition is true.
It has only one option
syntax with flowchart
If else if ladder; Number of logical statements are checked for executing various statement
If the first condition is true the compiler executes the block followed by first if condition.
If false it skips the block and checks for the next logical condition followed by else if.
Process is continued until a true condition is occurred or an else condition is satisfied.
Switch case; Multiway branch statement
It only requires one argument of any type, which is checked with number of cases.
If the value matches with the case constant, that particular case constant is executed. If not the default statement is executed.
Break statement – used to exit from current case structure
Nested if else; When a series of decisions are involved we use more than one if-else statement.
If condition is true control passes to first block i.e., if block. In this case there may be one more if block.
If condition is false control passes to else block. There we may have one more if block.
This document provides an introduction to shell programming in Linux. It defines key terms like the kernel, processes, pipes, and filters. It explains that the kernel manages resources and I/O, while processes carry out tasks. Pipes send output between programs and filters perform operations on input. Common shells like Bash, CSH, and KSH are outlined. Shells accept commands and translate them to binary for the OS. Basic Linux commands are listed along with examples. Variables, both system and user-defined, are explained as a way to store and process data in the shell. The document provides steps for writing, naming, running and debugging shell scripts using commands like echo, cat, chmod and expressions. Local and global variables
This page contains examples and source code on decision making in C programming (to choose a particular statement among many statements) and loops ( to perform repeated task ). To understand all the examples on this page, you should have knowledge of following topics:
if...else Statement
for Loop
while Loop
break and Continue Statement
switch...case
Selection Statements
Using if and if...else
Nested if Statements
Using switch Statements
Conditional Operator
Repetition Statements
Looping: while, do, and for
Nested loops
Using break and continue
Syntax analysis is the second phase of compiler design after lexical analysis. The parser checks if the input string follows the rules and structure of the formal grammar. It builds a parse tree to represent the syntactic structure. If the input string can be derived from the parse tree using the grammar, it is syntactically correct. Otherwise, an error is reported. Parsers use various techniques like panic-mode, phrase-level, and global correction to handle syntax errors and attempt to continue parsing. Context-free grammars are commonly used with productions defining the syntax rules. Derivations show the step-by-step application of productions to generate the input string from the start symbol.
This document discusses assemblers and assembly language. It defines an assembler as a program that accepts assembly language as input and translates it into machine language. It describes the main components of assembly language statements, including labels, mnemonics, operands, and different statement types. It also explains the different data structures used by assemblers, including symbol tables, mnemonic tables, and location counters. Finally, it discusses the two-pass structure of assemblers, how they generate intermediate code on the first pass and then use that to resolve forward references and completely synthesize instructions on the second pass.
The document discusses different types of loops in C programming: for loops, while loops, and do-while loops. For loops allow initialization of a variable, specify a condition, and how to increment the variable. While loops repeatedly execute code as long as a condition is true. Do-while loops are similar but check the condition at the bottom of the loop, so the code executes at least once. Examples of each loop type are provided.
- Java is a platform independent programming language that is similar to C++ in syntax but similar to Smalltalk in its object-oriented approach. It provides features like automatic memory management, security, and multi-threading capabilities.
- Java code is compiled to bytecode that can run on any Java Virtual Machine (JVM). Only depending on the JVM allows Java code to run on any hardware or operating system with a JVM.
- Java supports object-oriented programming concepts like inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation. Classes can contain methods and instance variables to define objects.
I hope this presentation will be help for engineering students are studying computer science or information technology.
This presentation is about control statements
If
If else
Nested if
If else if ladder
Unix Shell Scripts supports conditional statements like if-else and case statements to perform different actions based on conditions. The document discusses the syntax and examples of if-else statements with if-fi, if-else-fi, and if-elif-else-fi blocks. It also covers the case-esac statement for multi-way branching based on a variable. Finally, it explains while, for, and until loops for repetitive execution of statements until a condition is met.
This document provides information on C programming concepts including data types, operators, functions, and basic program structure.
It defines key concepts like variables, data types (integer, float, character), operators (arithmetic, relational, logical), functions (printf, scanf), and basic program anatomy with main(), I/O statements, and comments. Examples are given to illustrate variable declaration and usage, arithmetic operations, type casting, and basic programs to read/write and perform calculations.
The document discusses the flow of control in programs and control statements. There are two major categories of control statements: loops and decisions. Loops cause a section of code to repeat, while decisions cause jumps in the program flow depending on calculations or conditions. Common loop statements are for, while, and do-while loops. Common decision statements include if-else and switch statements. Nested statements and loops can also be used to further control program flow.
The document discusses JavaScript error and exception handling using try, catch, and finally blocks. It provides examples of using try and catch to handle exceptions, catch to retrieve error details, and finally to execute code regardless of exceptions. It also shows how to use window.onerror to handle uncaught exceptions and access error details.
Loops repeat a block of code until a certain condition is met. The three types of loops in C++ are:
1. For loops use an initialization statement, test expression, and update statement to control the loop.
2. While loops continuously execute the code block as long as the test expression is true.
3. Do-while loops always execute the code block at least once before checking the test expression, and continue looping as long as the test is true.
This document provides an overview of C++ programming concepts including:
- Procedure-oriented programming focuses on tasks like reading, calculating and printing using functions, while object-oriented programming emphasizes data through objects and classes.
- Some problems with C include lack of consideration for data elements and lack of security for networks.
- C++ classes contain variables and functions to characterize objects. Data and functions are tied together and data is hidden.
- Key concepts explained include objects, member functions, constructors, destructors, inheritance and polymorphism.
- Examples demonstrate basic C++ programs, classes, objects, arrays of objects, function overloading and the this pointer.
C Programming Language Tutorial for beginners - JavaTpointJavaTpoint.Com
JavaTpoint share a presentation of C Programming language for beginners and professionals. now in this slideshare you will be learned basics of c programming language, what is c programming language, history of c programming, installing turbo c, features of c programming language, datatypes of c language, operaters in c, control statement of c language, c language functions, c array, pointer in c programming, and structure and union.
This document provides information about loop statements in programming. It discusses the different parts of a loop, types of loops including while, for, and do-while loops. It also covers nested loops and jump statements like break and continue. Examples are given for each loop type. The document concludes with multiple choice and program-based questions as exercises.
Decision making statements in C programmingRabin BK
The document discusses various decision making statements in C programming language, including if, if-else, if-else if-else, nested if, switch, ternary operator (? :) and goto statements. It provides syntax and examples of each statement type. Key decision making statements covered are if, if-else, if-else if-else for multi-way decisions, switch as a multi-way decision statement, and the ternary operator for two-way decisions. References and queries sections are also included.
The document discusses the role and process of a lexical analyzer in compiler design. A lexical analyzer groups input characters into lexemes and produces a sequence of tokens as output for the syntactic analyzer. It strips out comments and whitespace, correlates line numbers with errors, and interacts with the symbol table. Lexical analysis improves compiler efficiency, portability, and allows for simpler parser design by separating lexical and syntactic analysis.
The document discusses different types of decision making or control statements in programming including if, if-else, nested if-else, else-if ladder, and switch statements. It provides syntax and examples for each type of statement. The if statement executes code if a condition is true, if-else adds an else block for when the condition is false, nested if-else allows multiple levels of conditions, else-if ladder provides multiple else if conditions in a chain, and switch allows executing different code for different cases.
Loops IN COMPUTER SCIENCE STANDARD 11 BY KRKrishna Raj
This document provides an overview of different types of loop statements in computer programming, including while loops, for loops, do-while loops, and nested loops. It also discusses jump statements like break, continue, goto, and exit that change the normal flow of loops. The key types of loops covered are while loops, which repeat a statement as long as a condition is true, for loops, which allow initialization of loop variables, testing a condition, and updating variables each iteration, and do-while loops, which first execute the statement and then check the condition.
This document discusses loops in MATLAB. It begins with an introduction to loops, explaining that they are used to repeatedly execute a block of code until a condition is met. It then covers the basic structure of loops and the different types of loops in MATLAB - for loops, while loops, and nested loops. The document provides syntax examples for for and while loops. It also compares while and for loops. Finally, it poses several programming exercises involving loops, such as calculating the Fibonacci series, checking if a number is palindrome, perfect, prime, etc.
This page contains examples and source code on decision making in C programming (to choose a particular statement among many statements) and loops ( to perform repeated task ). To understand all the examples on this page, you should have knowledge of following topics:
if...else Statement
for Loop
while Loop
break and Continue Statement
switch...case
Selection Statements
Using if and if...else
Nested if Statements
Using switch Statements
Conditional Operator
Repetition Statements
Looping: while, do, and for
Nested loops
Using break and continue
Syntax analysis is the second phase of compiler design after lexical analysis. The parser checks if the input string follows the rules and structure of the formal grammar. It builds a parse tree to represent the syntactic structure. If the input string can be derived from the parse tree using the grammar, it is syntactically correct. Otherwise, an error is reported. Parsers use various techniques like panic-mode, phrase-level, and global correction to handle syntax errors and attempt to continue parsing. Context-free grammars are commonly used with productions defining the syntax rules. Derivations show the step-by-step application of productions to generate the input string from the start symbol.
This document discusses assemblers and assembly language. It defines an assembler as a program that accepts assembly language as input and translates it into machine language. It describes the main components of assembly language statements, including labels, mnemonics, operands, and different statement types. It also explains the different data structures used by assemblers, including symbol tables, mnemonic tables, and location counters. Finally, it discusses the two-pass structure of assemblers, how they generate intermediate code on the first pass and then use that to resolve forward references and completely synthesize instructions on the second pass.
The document discusses different types of loops in C programming: for loops, while loops, and do-while loops. For loops allow initialization of a variable, specify a condition, and how to increment the variable. While loops repeatedly execute code as long as a condition is true. Do-while loops are similar but check the condition at the bottom of the loop, so the code executes at least once. Examples of each loop type are provided.
- Java is a platform independent programming language that is similar to C++ in syntax but similar to Smalltalk in its object-oriented approach. It provides features like automatic memory management, security, and multi-threading capabilities.
- Java code is compiled to bytecode that can run on any Java Virtual Machine (JVM). Only depending on the JVM allows Java code to run on any hardware or operating system with a JVM.
- Java supports object-oriented programming concepts like inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation. Classes can contain methods and instance variables to define objects.
I hope this presentation will be help for engineering students are studying computer science or information technology.
This presentation is about control statements
If
If else
Nested if
If else if ladder
Unix Shell Scripts supports conditional statements like if-else and case statements to perform different actions based on conditions. The document discusses the syntax and examples of if-else statements with if-fi, if-else-fi, and if-elif-else-fi blocks. It also covers the case-esac statement for multi-way branching based on a variable. Finally, it explains while, for, and until loops for repetitive execution of statements until a condition is met.
This document provides information on C programming concepts including data types, operators, functions, and basic program structure.
It defines key concepts like variables, data types (integer, float, character), operators (arithmetic, relational, logical), functions (printf, scanf), and basic program anatomy with main(), I/O statements, and comments. Examples are given to illustrate variable declaration and usage, arithmetic operations, type casting, and basic programs to read/write and perform calculations.
The document discusses the flow of control in programs and control statements. There are two major categories of control statements: loops and decisions. Loops cause a section of code to repeat, while decisions cause jumps in the program flow depending on calculations or conditions. Common loop statements are for, while, and do-while loops. Common decision statements include if-else and switch statements. Nested statements and loops can also be used to further control program flow.
The document discusses JavaScript error and exception handling using try, catch, and finally blocks. It provides examples of using try and catch to handle exceptions, catch to retrieve error details, and finally to execute code regardless of exceptions. It also shows how to use window.onerror to handle uncaught exceptions and access error details.
Loops repeat a block of code until a certain condition is met. The three types of loops in C++ are:
1. For loops use an initialization statement, test expression, and update statement to control the loop.
2. While loops continuously execute the code block as long as the test expression is true.
3. Do-while loops always execute the code block at least once before checking the test expression, and continue looping as long as the test is true.
This document provides an overview of C++ programming concepts including:
- Procedure-oriented programming focuses on tasks like reading, calculating and printing using functions, while object-oriented programming emphasizes data through objects and classes.
- Some problems with C include lack of consideration for data elements and lack of security for networks.
- C++ classes contain variables and functions to characterize objects. Data and functions are tied together and data is hidden.
- Key concepts explained include objects, member functions, constructors, destructors, inheritance and polymorphism.
- Examples demonstrate basic C++ programs, classes, objects, arrays of objects, function overloading and the this pointer.
C Programming Language Tutorial for beginners - JavaTpointJavaTpoint.Com
JavaTpoint share a presentation of C Programming language for beginners and professionals. now in this slideshare you will be learned basics of c programming language, what is c programming language, history of c programming, installing turbo c, features of c programming language, datatypes of c language, operaters in c, control statement of c language, c language functions, c array, pointer in c programming, and structure and union.
This document provides information about loop statements in programming. It discusses the different parts of a loop, types of loops including while, for, and do-while loops. It also covers nested loops and jump statements like break and continue. Examples are given for each loop type. The document concludes with multiple choice and program-based questions as exercises.
Decision making statements in C programmingRabin BK
The document discusses various decision making statements in C programming language, including if, if-else, if-else if-else, nested if, switch, ternary operator (? :) and goto statements. It provides syntax and examples of each statement type. Key decision making statements covered are if, if-else, if-else if-else for multi-way decisions, switch as a multi-way decision statement, and the ternary operator for two-way decisions. References and queries sections are also included.
The document discusses the role and process of a lexical analyzer in compiler design. A lexical analyzer groups input characters into lexemes and produces a sequence of tokens as output for the syntactic analyzer. It strips out comments and whitespace, correlates line numbers with errors, and interacts with the symbol table. Lexical analysis improves compiler efficiency, portability, and allows for simpler parser design by separating lexical and syntactic analysis.
The document discusses different types of decision making or control statements in programming including if, if-else, nested if-else, else-if ladder, and switch statements. It provides syntax and examples for each type of statement. The if statement executes code if a condition is true, if-else adds an else block for when the condition is false, nested if-else allows multiple levels of conditions, else-if ladder provides multiple else if conditions in a chain, and switch allows executing different code for different cases.
Loops IN COMPUTER SCIENCE STANDARD 11 BY KRKrishna Raj
This document provides an overview of different types of loop statements in computer programming, including while loops, for loops, do-while loops, and nested loops. It also discusses jump statements like break, continue, goto, and exit that change the normal flow of loops. The key types of loops covered are while loops, which repeat a statement as long as a condition is true, for loops, which allow initialization of loop variables, testing a condition, and updating variables each iteration, and do-while loops, which first execute the statement and then check the condition.
This document discusses loops in MATLAB. It begins with an introduction to loops, explaining that they are used to repeatedly execute a block of code until a condition is met. It then covers the basic structure of loops and the different types of loops in MATLAB - for loops, while loops, and nested loops. The document provides syntax examples for for and while loops. It also compares while and for loops. Finally, it poses several programming exercises involving loops, such as calculating the Fibonacci series, checking if a number is palindrome, perfect, prime, etc.
Iterative structures, also known as loops, repeat sections of code and are used for tasks like calculating multiple values, computing iterative results, printing tables of data, and processing large amounts of input or array data. The three types of loops in C++ are the while loop, do-while loop, and for loop, each with different test conditions to control the loop execution. Loops can also be nested within each other to perform multiple iterations or to loop through multi-dimensional data structures.
This document discusses repetition (looping) control structures in C++, including while, for, do-while loops, and the break and continue statements. The while loop repeats as long as an expression is true. The for loop simplifies counter-controlled loops by initializing/updating a variable. The do-while loop always executes at least once even if the expression is false. break exits the current loop, while continue skips to the next iteration. Nested loops can be used to create complex output patterns.
This document discusses different types of program control statements in C++. It covers selection statements like if-else and switch that allow conditional execution of code. It also covers iteration statements like for, while, and do-while loops that allow repetitive execution of code. Additionally, it discusses jump statements like break, continue, goto, and return that allow changing the normal sequential flow of code execution. The document provides syntax and examples to explain how each of these statement types work.
The document discusses different types of loops in Java including while, do-while, and for loops. It explains the syntax and flow of each loop type and provides examples of how and when to use each loop. The document also covers break and continue statements that can be used inside loops to control flow, as well as increment and decrement operators.
The document discusses different types of loops in programming including for loops, while loops, and do while loops. It explains that for loops repeat statements a specified number of times using three parameters: an initializing expression, a control expression, and a step expression. While loops repeat statements as long as a control expression is true, with the control expression checked at the top of the loop. Do while loops are similar but check the control expression at the bottom of the loop, so the statements are executed at least once. The document also covers using break and continue statements to control loop execution and nesting loops within each other.
This document discusses different types of loops in C programming. It describes while loops, do-while loops, and for loops. A while loop checks a condition first and executes the loop body if the condition is true. A do-while loop executes the body first and then checks the condition, so the body is always executed at least once. Examples are provided to illustrate while loops and how they can be used to print a message multiple times.
This document discusses various loop constructs in C programming including while, do-while, for, and exiting loops. It covers:
- The while loop evaluates its controlling expression first before executing the loop body.
- The do-while loop evaluates its controlling expression after executing the loop body, so the body is always executed at least once.
- The for loop is ideal for loops with a counting variable, allowing initialization, a controlling expression, and an increment/decrement expression to be specified.
- break exits the entire loop, continue skips to the next iteration, and goto allows jumping to any statement but is rarely needed and can harm readability.
loops play a vital role in any programming language, they allow the programmer to write more readable and effective code. The looping concept also allows us to reduce the number of lines.
Loops in C++ allow programmers to repeatedly execute a block of code. There are three main types of loops in C++: while loops, do-while loops, and for loops. While loops and do-while loops check the loop condition at the end of each iteration and repeat the block while the condition is true. For loops allow initialization of a counter variable, a condition to test on each pass, and an update to the counter. For loops are useful when the number of iterations is known. Do-while loops differ in that the block is guaranteed to run at least once even if the condition is false.
Python programming language provides the following types of loops to handle looping requirements:
1. While
2. Do While
3. For loop
Python provides three ways for executing the loops. While all the ways provide similar basic functionality, they differ in their syntax and condition-checking time.
In computer programming, a loop is a sequence of instruction s that is continually repeated until a certain condition is reached. Typically, a certain process is done, such as getting an item of data and changing it, and then some condition is checked such as whether a counter has reached a prescribed number.
While, for, and do-while loops in C allow code to be repeatedly executed. The while loop repeats as long as a condition is true. The do-while loop executes the code block first and then checks the condition, repeating if it's true. The for loop allows initialization of a counter variable, a condition to test on each iteration, and an increment statement. All three loops repeat zero or more times until their condition becomes false.
While, for, and do-while loops in C allow code to be repeatedly executed. The while loop repeats as long as a condition is true. The do-while loop executes the statement block first and then checks the condition, repeating until it is false. The for loop allows initialization of a counter variable, a condition to test on each iteration, and an increment expression to modify the counter between iterations. All three loops repeat zero or more times until their condition becomes false.
The document discusses different types of loops in programming languages. It defines looping as repetitively executing a sequence of statements, which is an important concept that allows programs to repeat tasks. There are two main types of loops - entry controlled loops where the test condition is checked before the loop body executes, and exit controlled loops where the test is checked after execution. Common loops in C include the for, while, and do-while loops. The for loop is entry controlled and uses a counter variable, while the while and do-while can use counters or sentinel values and are entry and exit controlled respectively. Selecting the right loop depends on pre-test or post-test needs as well as whether the number of repetitions is known.
C for Loop
Loops are used in programming to execute a block of code repeatedly until a specified condition is met. In this tutorial, you will learn to create for loop in C programming.
C programming has three types of loops:
for loop
while loop
do...while loop
INTRODUCTION
3NF and BCNF
Decomposition requirements
Lossless join decomposition
Dependency preserving decomposition
Disk pack features
Records and Files
Ordered and Unordered files
2NF,NF,3NF,BCNF
INTRODUCTION
Relational Query Languages
Formal Query Languages
Introduction to relational algebra
Set Operators Join operator
Aggregate functions, Grouping
Relational Calculus concepts
Introduction to Structured Query Language (SQL)
Features of SQL, DDL Statements
This document provides an introduction to database design and applications (DBDA). It discusses the differences between file systems and database management systems (DBMS)/relational database management systems (RDBMS). It also covers the three schema architecture of a DBMS, including the conceptual, internal, and external schemas. Additionally, it discusses data independence and the advantages of using a DBMS compared to a file system. The document provides a brief history of DBMS and describes some popular DBMS software. It also outlines the characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of using a DBMS.
This document discusses algorithms and flowcharts. It defines an algorithm as a logical step-by-step method for solving a problem and a flowchart as a graphical representation of an algorithm using standard symbols. Several examples of flowcharts are provided, including ones to find the largest of two or three numbers, check if a number is prime, and generate a Fibonacci series. The document also lists some common flowchart symbols and provides exercises for students to create flowcharts to solve various problems.
1.History of C Language, Structure of a C program, Statements, Basic Data Types, Variables &Constants, Input & Output statements, Operators and Precedence, Expressions, Simple C programs.
Memory Hierarchy
RAM
Memory Chip Organization
ROM
Flash Memory
Types of Programming Languages
Compiler vs Interpreter vs Assembler
Types of programming languages
Compiler vs interpreter vs assembler
high level language vs assembly level language vs low level language
1.1Explain types of Input Devices (Keyboard, Mouse, Pen, and Touch Screen Scanners, Output Devices (Monitor, printer, Speakers, Projectors) and of Storage Devices (Hard Disks, CD-ROMS, DVD-ROMS, USB Storage)[D] Operate computer and its peripherals
1.2 Booting the computer. Common start-up errors and their remedies.
Connecting peripherals – keyboard, mouse, monitor, power cables,
UPS to the computer and checking all connections. Demonstrate procedure for the installation of setting up a new computer along with other peripherals (keyboard, scanner, printer)[M]
1.3Demonstrate Keyboard layout and functions of different keys.[M]
1.4Demonstrate Proper shut down of PC, and explain precautions to avoid an improper shut down.[M]
1.5Identifying the different hardware parts in the PC.[M]
1.6Determining the configuration of the PC.[M]
1.7 Explain types of Central Processing Unit (Processors, RAM, ROM)[M]
1.8 Demonstrate procedure for installation /
replacement / maintenance procedures for hard disk and other peripherals.[D]
Introduction
Plotting basic 2-D plots.
The plot command
The fplot command
Plotting multiple graphs in the same plot
Formatting plots
USING THE plot() COMMAND TO PLOT
MULTIPLE GRAPHS IN THE SAME PLOT
MATLAB PROGRAM TO PLOT VI CHARACTERISTICS OF A DIODE
SUMMARY
Arrays
Array Creation , Accessing Elements
Sub Arrays, Representation, Operations
Maximum and Minimum values in Matrix
Potential Energy-Spring Problem
SUMMARY
An introduction to AI,ML,DL
Working of AI System
Scope of AI ,Cyber Security and BCT in Marine
Marine Education Scope of AI and BCT
Changes Required in Curriculum
Cyber security in Marine field
Parametric Analysis
Skill Set Requirement
This document provides an overview of Hadoop and Big Data concepts. It introduces Hadoop and its architecture, describing its scalability, cost effectiveness, and resilience. Key Hadoop components are explained, including the NameNode, DataNodes, and Resource Manager. HDFS operations like read and write are also summarized. The document concludes with a thank you.
MS word complete tutorials,Topics to be covered :
1. Create and save documentation.
2. Open, find, and rename files and folders.
3. Use “Formatting Toolbar”.
4. Use spelling and grammar checks in the document.
5. Use “Headers and Footers”.
6. Insert symbols and pictures.
7. Create tables in MS-Word.
8. Use formulas in MS –WORD Mail merge, Embedding Excel to WORD. Applications : To create a professional grade document.
Guidelines for ER to Relational Mapping.
Mapping rules/ guidelines for mapping various ER constructs to Relational model with appropriate examples
Relational Query Languages Formal Query Languages
Introduction to Relational Algebra
Relational operators
Set operators
Join operators
Aggregate functions.
Grouping operator
Relational Calculus concepts
Relational algebra queries for data retrieval with sample relational schemas. relational algebra operations.
What is Relational model
Characteristics
Relational constraints
Representation of schemas
characteristics and Constraints of Relational model with proper examples.
Updates and dealing with constraint violations in Relational model
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Adaptive synchronous sliding control for a robot manipulator based on neural ...IJECEIAES
Robot manipulators have become important equipment in production lines, medical fields, and transportation. Improving the quality of trajectory tracking for
robot hands is always an attractive topic in the research community. This is a
challenging problem because robot manipulators are complex nonlinear systems
and are often subject to fluctuations in loads and external disturbances. This
article proposes an adaptive synchronous sliding control scheme to improve trajectory tracking performance for a robot manipulator. The proposed controller
ensures that the positions of the joints track the desired trajectory, synchronize
the errors, and significantly reduces chattering. First, the synchronous tracking
errors and synchronous sliding surfaces are presented. Second, the synchronous
tracking error dynamics are determined. Third, a robust adaptive control law is
designed,the unknown components of the model are estimated online by the neural network, and the parameters of the switching elements are selected by fuzzy
logic. The built algorithm ensures that the tracking and approximation errors
are ultimately uniformly bounded (UUB). Finally, the effectiveness of the constructed algorithm is demonstrated through simulation and experimental results.
Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed controller is effective with small synchronous tracking errors, and the chattering phenomenon is
significantly reduced.
HEAP SORT ILLUSTRATED WITH HEAPIFY, BUILD HEAP FOR DYNAMIC ARRAYS.
Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting technique based on Binary Heap data structure. It is similar to the selection sort where we first find the minimum element and place the minimum element at the beginning. Repeat the same process for the remaining elements.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
3. Introduction
A loop is used for executing a block of
statements repeatedly until a particular
condition is satisfied.
For example, when you are displaying number from
1 to 100 you may want set the value of a variable
to 1 and display it 100 times, increasing its value
by 1 on each loop iteration.
4. Introduction
A loop is used for executing a block of
statements repeatedly until a particular
condition is satisfied.
For example, when you are displaying number from
1 to 100 you may want set the value of a variable
to 1 and display it 100 times, increasing its value
by 1 on each loop iteration.
5. Basic Structure of a Loop Statement
A loop is used for
executing a block
of statements
repeatedly until a
particular
condition is
satisfied.
6. Types of Loops
Loops are of 2 types:
Entry-controlled and exit-controlled.
'C' programming provides us
1) while
2) do-while and
3) for loop
For and while loop are entry-controlled loops.
Do-while is an exit-controlled loop
7. Questions to be Asked ??
In the exam questions can be asked are
1) What do you mean by loop control
statement explain in detail.
Answer: Must include: syntax, example,
flowchart, entry control and exit
control loop difference
2) Write a program ………..
10. Different ways of representing for Loop
1)
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
{
}
2)
int i=1;
for ( ; i <= n; i++)
{
}
3)
for (i = 1; i <= n; )
{
i++;
}
4)
int i=1;
for ( ; i <= n; )
{
i++;
}