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1. 05/07/14 1
ARWANI Health Polytechnic of
Semarang Central Java Indonesia

2. 05/07/14 2
Literature review (LR)
A systematic & critical review of the most
important published scholarly literature on a
particular topic
The generation of written report that
summarizes what is known and not known
about a phenomenon
scholarly literature: published data based
research literature (completed research),
unpublished data based research literature
(print & nonprint forms)
ARWANI Health Polytechnic of
Semarang Central Java Indonesia

3. 05/07/14 3
Literature review (LR)
Should cover the concept of knowledge
data based in relation to subject /
concept / particular problems
Should cover new knowledge that can be
applied to develop, validate, & broad
theory
ARWANI Health Polytechnic of
Semarang Central Java Indonesia

4. 05/07/14 4
Literature review (LR)
Can be used to establish research
question that’s appropriate for
significant discipline
Provide current questions about
education
Handle with research results that can
be used to change clinical practice
condition e.g. SOP
ARWANI Health Polytechnic of
Semarang Central Java Indonesia

5. 05/07/14 5
Relationship of RL to theory, research,
education & practice
Rerearch
Education LR Practice
Theory
ARWANI Health Polytechnic of
Semarang Central Java Indonesia

6. 05/07/14 6
Purpose of LR in Quantitative
research
Clarify the research topic & research
problem
Verify the significance of the research
problem
Specify the purpose of the research
Describe relevant studies & theory
Summarize current knowledge
ARWANI Health Polytechnic of
Semarang Central Java Indonesia

7. 05/07/14 7
Purpose of LR in Quantitative
research continued
Facilitate development of the framework
Specify research objectives, questions, or
hypotheses
Develop definitions of major variables
Identify limitation and assumption
Select a research design
Identify method of measurement
Direct data collection & analysis
Interpret findings
ARWANI Health Polytechnic of
Semarang Central Java Indonesia

8. 05/07/14 8
Purpose of LR in qualitative
research
Compare & combine findings from the
research with the literature to determine
current knowledge of a phenomenon
(phenomenological research)
Use the literature to explain, support, &
extend the theory generated in the
research (grounded theory research)
ARWANI Health Polytechnic of
Semarang Central Java Indonesia

9. 05/07/14 9
Purpose of LR in qualitative
research continued
Literature is reviewed to develop
research questions & is a source of
data in the study (historical research)
Review the literature to provide a
background for conducting the study as
in quantitative research (ethnographic
research)
ARWANI Health Polytechnic of
Semarang Central Java Indonesia

10. 05/07/14 10
Purpose of LR in qualitative
research continued
Literature is reviewed to raise
philosophical questions, & answers are
soughs in analyzing a variety of sources
(philosophical research)
Study findings are compared &
combined with existing literature to
determine current knowledge of a social
situation (critical social theory)
ARWANI Health Polytechnic of
Semarang Central Java Indonesia

11. 05/07/14 11
Process of reviewing the
literature
1. Using the library
2. Identifying sources
3. Locating sources
4. Reading sources
5. Critiquing sources
ARWANI Health Polytechnic of
Semarang Central Java Indonesia

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10 Steps & strategies for
searching the literature
(LoBiondo-Wood & Haber, 1998)
Step I: Determine concept / issue /
topic / problem
Step II: identify variables / terms
Step III: conduct computer search
Step IV: weed out irrelevant sources
before printing
Step V: organize sources from printout
for retrieval
ARWANI Health Polytechnic of
Semarang Central Java Indonesia

13. 05/07/14 13
Steps & strategies for searching
the literature
(LoBiondo-Wood & Haber, 1998) continued
Step VI: Retrieve relevant sources
Step VII: Copy articles
Step VIII: conduct preliminary reading &
weed out irrelevant sources
Step IX: critically read each sources
(summarize & critique each source)
Step X: synthesize critical summaries
of each article
ARWANI Health Polytechnic of
Semarang Central Java Indonesia

14. 05/07/14 14
LR dalam proposal
LR dalam proposal mengandung 4
komponen
1. Introduction
2. Theoretical literature
3. Empirical literature
4. summary
ARWANI Health Polytechnic of
Semarang Central Java Indonesia

15. 05/07/14 15
Introduction (proposal)
Indicates the focus or purpose of the
study
Identifies the purpose of the literature
review
Describes the organization of sources
Should be brief & catch the interest of
the reader
ARWANI Health Polytechnic of
Semarang Central Java Indonesia

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Theoretical literature (proposal)
Consists of concept analyses, models,
theories, conceptual frameworks that
support the research purpose
Analyses concepts, concepts
definitions, relationship among
concepts, & presents assumptions to
build a theoretical knowledge base for
the research
ARWANI Health Polytechnic of
Semarang Central Java Indonesia

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Empirical literature (proposal)
Includes quality studies that support the
research purpose
For each study, the purpose, sample
size, design, & specific findings should
be presented
Critiques of the study’s strengths &
weaknesses
ARWANI Health Polytechnic of
Semarang Central Java Indonesia

18. 05/07/14 18
Summary (proposal)
Presents the current knowledge base
for research problem
Identifies the gaps in the knowledge
base with a discussion of how the
proposed study will generate needed
information
ARWANI Health Polytechnic of
Semarang Central Java Indonesia

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Reference
Burns, N., & Grove, S. K. (1993). The
practice of nursing research:
conduct, critique & utilization.
Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders
Company.
LoBiondo-Wood, G., & Haber, J. (1998).
Nursing research: methods, critical
appraisal, and utilization. St. Louis:
Mosby Inc.
ARWANI Health Polytechnic of
Semarang Central Java Indonesia