Presented by Mulugeta Lemenih to the Nile Basin Development ChallengeScience and Reflection Workshop, Addis Ababa, 4-6 May 2011

1. Linking rainwater management strategies to ecosystem/environmental health and resilience Mulugeta Lemenih Nile Basin Development Challenge Science and Reflection Workshop Addis Ababa, 4-6 May 2011

4. Past SES development (drivers, interactions) Future SES E & E (Ecosystem services supply and tradeoff) R E S I L I E N C E = Sustainable A conceptual framework!! R E S I L I E N C E = sustainable Trends and development trajectories =(measure of resilience) Present SES E & E outcomes (Ecosystem services supply) Time Livelihoods and benefits RWM practices RWM governance Future scenarios

9. Trends and trajectories Ecological State Change Drivers of change eroded existing GS and NRM traditions and replaced it with a system that is more exploitative and poor in GS . Thus intensify rapid ecological state change. Productive and self-sufficient SES under Gumuz occupancy (Pre-1960s) Small scale water innovation system, in which GS was integral part Governance state change Severe conflict over resources, landlessness, etc. could these be the threshold? Where will RWS leading the system trajectory? Which ESs will be enhanced and which compromised?

10. Fogera: Drivers: political institutions & accompanying policies; - land re-distribution; population growth, etc. Income or crop harvest

11. Trend and trajectories How will RMS affect this system? Governance system Signs of ecological state recovery and improved productivity due to innovative water use, outmigration and SWC, but without signs of no GS improvement 40-50 years back the SES was productive with little sign of ecological system degradation and social system problem Lack of awareness, institutional change (politics, policy, tradition) coupled with population growth eroded the traditional GS Deforestation and soil fertility loss intensified, land use shifted, land scarcity heightened, water use also intensified Resource system

14. Thanks