This document discusses light and shadows. It defines light sources and different materials' interactions with light, including transparent, translucent, and opaque materials. Shadows are formed when light is blocked by an opaque or translucent object. The length of shadows depends on the position of the light source. An experiment is described to test which material - transparent plastic, tissue paper, or black paper - makes the darkest shadow. The conclusion is that black paper produces the darkest shadow because it is dark and opaque, blocking more light than the other materials.
Shadow and light of hebrews without notesMartha Burton
This is a PowerPoint created for a class taught to adults on the book of Hebrews. I have not included my teaching notes in this online file. Animations can be made automatic if you desire. If you use this file please attribute properly. Thank you.
Shadow and light of hebrews without notesMartha Burton
This is a PowerPoint created for a class taught to adults on the book of Hebrews. I have not included my teaching notes in this online file. Animations can be made automatic if you desire. If you use this file please attribute properly. Thank you.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
The increased availability of biomedical data, particularly in the public domain, offers the opportunity to better understand human health and to develop effective therapeutics for a wide range of unmet medical needs. However, data scientists remain stymied by the fact that data remain hard to find and to productively reuse because data and their metadata i) are wholly inaccessible, ii) are in non-standard or incompatible representations, iii) do not conform to community standards, and iv) have unclear or highly restricted terms and conditions that preclude legitimate reuse. These limitations require a rethink on data can be made machine and AI-ready - the key motivation behind the FAIR Guiding Principles. Concurrently, while recent efforts have explored the use of deep learning to fuse disparate data into predictive models for a wide range of biomedical applications, these models often fail even when the correct answer is already known, and fail to explain individual predictions in terms that data scientists can appreciate. These limitations suggest that new methods to produce practical artificial intelligence are still needed.
In this talk, I will discuss our work in (1) building an integrative knowledge infrastructure to prepare FAIR and "AI-ready" data and services along with (2) neurosymbolic AI methods to improve the quality of predictions and to generate plausible explanations. Attention is given to standards, platforms, and methods to wrangle knowledge into simple, but effective semantic and latent representations, and to make these available into standards-compliant and discoverable interfaces that can be used in model building, validation, and explanation. Our work, and those of others in the field, creates a baseline for building trustworthy and easy to deploy AI models in biomedicine.
Bio
Dr. Michel Dumontier is the Distinguished Professor of Data Science at Maastricht University, founder and executive director of the Institute of Data Science, and co-founder of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles. His research explores socio-technological approaches for responsible discovery science, which includes collaborative multi-modal knowledge graphs, privacy-preserving distributed data mining, and AI methods for drug discovery and personalized medicine. His work is supported through the Dutch National Research Agenda, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Horizon Europe, the European Open Science Cloud, the US National Institutes of Health, and a Marie-Curie Innovative Training Network. He is the editor-in-chief for the journal Data Science and is internationally recognized for his contributions in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and semantic technologies including ontologies and linked data.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
7. There are 3 types of materials
• Transparent materials let light pass through them
in straight lines
Glass
crystal
• Translucent materials let some light through
Tissue paper
Frosted glass
• Opaque materials do not let any light pass through
them
Wood
8. Characteristics of light
• Light travels in straight line
• Light can be reflected
• Light can be bent / refracted
9. Light when hits an object is either
• Absorbed
• Reflected
• Or pass through an object.
10. 1. Light absorption
• Some of the light energy that hits an object is
absorbed.
• Dark colors absorb light more than light ones.
• Why do we wear in winter dark clothes?
11. 2. reflection
• Is the bouncing of light from a surface.
• Shiny materials reflects light, while dull ones
doesn’t reflect it.
12. SHADOW
A shadow is made when an object blocks light.
Light travels in straight line, so if it is blocked
there must be shadow formed
13. The object must be opaque or translucent to
make a shadow.
A transparent object will not make any shadow,
as light will pass straight through it.
14. Shadow made by sun
Early morning - the Sun is low in the sky and
casts a long shadow
15. Midday - The Sun is above the tree and casts a
short shadow
17. If an object is moved closer to the
light source, the shadow gets bigger.
If an object is moved further away
from the light source, the shadow
gets smaller
18. MAKING SHADOW
Experiment aim: Find the best material to cast a shadow
Things you need:
transparent plastic - Black paper
Tissue paper - Torch /flashlight
White paper
Procedures :
Draw the shapes onto 1 piece transparent plastic (A) and 2
pieces of paper (B= tissue paper, C=black paper) with the
similar shape and size
Put the cut-out shapes one by one under the light
Shine a strong light onto white surface
Prediction:
Which object produces the darkest shadow?______________
19. Result
Shade following box to show how dark the shadows are.
Conclusion:
Which object produces the darkest shadow?______________
Tell your analysis why it could be
happen!__________________________
plastic Tissue Black paper
20. Conclusion
• Black paper is the best material to cast the
darkest shadow, because it is dark and
opaque so it won’t let any light pass trough
and block more light then others.
