A brief presentation on the topic "Leukemia" from a scientific perspective, providing details about risk factors, classifications, Types, treatment, symptoms, diagnosis & risk data with it's concerned resource mentioned.

1. LEUKEMIA
RAJA MOHAMED

2. RISK FACTORS
 Previous cancer treatment
 Genetic disorders
 Exposure to certain chemicals
 Smoking
 Family history of leukemia
• People who've had certain types of
Chemotherapy & Radiation Therapy for
other cancers have an increased risk of
developing certain types of leukemia.
• Such as Benzene, which is found in
gasoline and is used by the chemical
industry is linked to an increased risk
of some kinds of leukemia.
• Genetic abnormalities seem to play a role
in the development of leukemia.
• Smoking cigarettes increases the risk of
acute myelogenous leukemia.
• If members of your family have been
diagnosed with leukemia, your risk of
the disease may be increased.
MAYOCLICNIC

3. • There are many types of chronic leukemias.
• Some produce too many cells and some cause too few cells to be produced.
• Chronic leukemia involves more mature blood cells.
• These blood cells replicate or accumulate more slowly and can function normally for a period of time.
• Some forms produce no early symptoms and can go unnoticed or undiagnosed for years.
• Doctors classify leukemia into 2 :-
i. Based on its speed of progression.
ii. Based on the type of cells involved.
TYPE 1
ACUTE LEUKEMIA
• The abnormal blood cells are immature blood cells (blasts).
• They can't carry out their normal functions, and they multiply rapidly, so the disease worsens quickly
• Acute leukemia requires aggressive, timely treatment.
CHRONIC LEUKEMIA.
CLASSIFICATION i
WEBMD

4. CLASSIFICATION ii
TYPE 2
The second type of classification is by type of white blood cell affected:
LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA
• This type of leukemia affects the lymphoid cells (lymphocytes)
MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA
• This type of leukemia affects the Myeloid Cells.
• Myeloid cells give rise to red blood cells, white blood cells and platelet-producing cells.
WEBMD

5. TYPES OF LEUKEMIA
 ACUTE LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (ALL)
 ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA (AML)
 CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CLL)
 CHRONIC MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA (CML)
 OTHER TYPES
This is the most common type of leukemia in young children. ALL can also occur in adults.
AML is a common type of leukemia. It occurs in children and adults. AML is the most common
type of acute leukemia in adults.
With CLL, the most common chronic adult leukemia, you may feel well for years without
needing treatment
Mainly affects adults. CML patients may have few or no symptoms for months or years before
entering a phase in which the leukemia cells grow more quickly
rarer types of leukemia exist, including hairy cell leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes &
myeloproliferative disorders.
CANCER CENTER

7. Symptoms
• Fever or chills
• Persistent fatigue, weakness
• Frequent or severe infections
• Losing weight without trying
• Swollen lymph nodes, enlarged liver or spleen
• Easy bleeding or bruising
• Recurrent nosebleeds
• Tiny red spots in your skin (petechiae)
• Excessive sweating, especially at night
• Bone pain or tenderness
SYMPTOMS
LEUKEMIA CARE

8. TREATMENT
 The treatment you get depends on the type of leukemia you have, how far it’s
spread, and how healthy you are.
The main options are:
• Chemotherapy
• Radiation
• Biologic therapy
• Targeted therapy
• Stem cell transplant
• Surgery
CANCER COUNCIL VICTORIA

9. DIAGNOSIS
CANAIDIAN CANCER SOCIETY

10. RISK DATA
Rate of New Cases and Deaths per 100,000:
• The rate of new cases of leukemia was 14.1
per 100,000 men and women per year.
• The death rate was 6.4 per 100,000 men and
women per year.
• These rates are age-adjusted and based on
2013–2017 cases and deaths
• Approximately 1.5 percent of men and women will be
diagnosed with leukemia at some point during their
lifetime, based on 2015–2017 data.
Lifetime Risk of Developing Cancer:
Prevalence of This Cancer:
• In 2017, there were an estimated 434,982 people
living with leukemia in the United States.
NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE

11. SUMMARY
• Leukemia is cancer of the body's blood-forming tissues, including the bone
marrow and the lymphatic system
• Leukemia usually involves the white blood cells, potent infection fighters &
make them malfunctional
• Approximately 1.5% of population are diagnosed with leukemia
• Acute leukemias can often be cured with treatment.
• Chronic leukemias are unlikely to be cured with treatment, but treatments
are often able to control the cancer and manage symptoms.

12. THANK YOU
Rajamd_
Rajamd7