Charlotte has been diagnosed with Broca's aphasia, which is caused by damage to Broca's area located in the frontal lobe of the left hemisphere. Her speech may be impaired in two ways: it could be very limited and require much effort, and she may have difficulty articulating words clearly. Split-brain studies involving severing the corpus callosum between the brain hemispheres helped reveal that the left hemisphere controls language processing while the right hemisphere handles spatial attention and tasks.

1. Nothing
on
you
left!
Damage
to
the
right!

2. From
last
lesson….
Question
1
Charlotte
is
diagnosed
with
Brocaís
aphasia.
a. Where
is
Brocaís
area
located?
(1
mark)
b. Describe
two
ways
in
which
her
speech
could
be
impaired.
(2
marks)

3. Charlotte
is
diagnosed
with
Brocaís
aphasia.
a.
Where
is
Brocaís
area
located?
(1
mark)
Frontal
lobe
in
the
left
hemisphere.
Both
pieces
of
information
were
required.
Students
did
not
need
to
state
that
this
is
so
more
than
95
per
cent
of
the
time.
b.
Describe
two
ways
in
which
her
speech
could
be
impaired.
(2
marks)
Any
two
of:
•
produces
very
little
speech
•
speech
requires
much
concentration
and
effort
•
difficulty
articulating
speech
(pronouncing
words)
•
speech
tends
to
be
slow
and
drawn
out
•
short
words
–
prepositions/conjunctions
tend
to
be
omitted
•
sentences
tend
to
be
very
short
(up
to
four
words)
•
sentences
tend
to
be
made
up
of
verbs
and
nouns
only
•
words
lack
grammatical
endings
(for
example,
–ing).
A
common
error
was
to
list
two
descriptors
of
the
same
difficulty;
for
example,
speech
is
slurred
and
poorly
articulated;
or
words
are
shortened
and
words
lack
grammatical
endings.
Such
responses
received
only
one
mark.

4. This
lesson…..
 Describe
split-­‐brain
studies
including
the
work
of
Roger
Sperry
and
Michael
Gazzaniga
 Describe
spatial
neglect
caused
by
stroke
or
brain
injury
 Explain
the
contribution
of
split-­‐brain
studies
to
our
understanding
cognitive
processes

5. Neglect
syndrome
 Damage
to
the
right
parietal
lobe
 Results
in
the
patient
completely
ignoring
the
left
side
of
their
world,
even
the
left
side
of
their
body.
 Patients
eat
only
the
food
on
the
right
side
of
their
plate,
shave
the
right
side
of
their
face,
wash
the
right
side
of
their
body
etc.
 A
problem
of
attention,
not
blindness!

7. What
do
you
mean
there’s
something
wrong
with
my
face?

9. Sounds
cool
until
your
brain
is
cut
in
half

10. Corpus
Callosum
The
corpus
callosum
forms
a
bridge
that
connects
the
left
and
right
hemispheres.
The
corpus
callosum
enables
communication
between
the
two
hemisperes

11. Split
Brain
Surgery
 Severing
the
Corpus
Callosum
 Used
to
treat
severe
epilepsy
 Disables
communication
between
the
left
and
right
hemispheres

13.  Information
from
left
visual
field
is
processed
in
the
right
hemisphere
 Information
from
the
right
visual
field
is
processed
in
the
left
hemisphere

14. Split
Brain
Test
 Object
presented
to
left
visual
field
(processed
in
right
hemisphere)
 Cannot
name
object
 Can
pick
correct
object
up
 Object
presented
to
right
visual
field
(processed
in
left
hemisphere)
 Can
name
object
 Conclusion
–
language
processing
occurs
on
LEFT