Capsules are solid dosage forms that enclose drugs within gelatin or other soluble shells. They offer a convenient way to deliver accurate doses of drugs orally or via other routes. Capsules can be filled manually or using automated machines. Proper selection of capsule size, accurate weighing, and thorough blending are important to ensure uniform dosing. Capsule formulations should be prepared in sufficient excess amounts and assigned an appropriate expiration date.
Common machinery of tablet manufacturing & Small scale & large scale manufact...Faruk Hossen
This document provides an overview of tablet manufacturing processes, including both small-scale and large-scale production. It discusses the common machinery used in tablet making, as well as the formulation, advantages, and disadvantages of tablets. Large-scale manufacturing is characterized by high production volumes, mechanization, and global markets. Challenges of large-scale production include less supervision and individualization. Small-scale manufacturing allows for closer supervision and personal attention. The document also describes pilot plants, which test production technologies at a smaller scale before commercialization.
Pharmaceutical Industry: Manufacturing Pharmaceutical Tablet CoatingsMatt Smith
Find the solution for one of the toughest mixing applications in the pharmaceutical industry, by reading this case study on manufacturing pharmaceutical tablet coatings. Read about the Process, the Problem and the Solution.
Quality Control Tests For Tablets and Capsules(QC)mdpavel
This document discusses quality control tests for tablets and capsules. It describes tests for general appearance, size, shape, thickness, color, and odor. It then compares quality control tests from the British, Indian, and United States Pharmacopoeias, including tests for content of active ingredients, disintegration, uniformity of content and weight, and labeling. Specific tests are described for different types of tablets, including uncoated, enteric coated, dispersible, and modified release tablets. Common non-official tests like hardness and friability are also summarized.
Alcohol and Drugs Awareness Suggestions | Len MistrettaLen Mistretta
We share all the matter related drugs and alcohol via this guidelines as per Len Mistretta. These are too beneficial so real and understand these tips.
The document provides an overview of bacterial cell structure and its relationship to pathogenicity. It describes the key components of bacterial cells, including the capsule, cell wall, cytoplasmic membrane, flagella, pili, and differences between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Specifically, it compares the thicker peptidoglycan cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria to the thinner cell wall and additional outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. It also discusses how various bacterial cell structures like the capsule, cell wall components, and lipopolysaccharides can induce pathogenic effects or immune responses in the host.
This document discusses vitamin B12 (cobalamin) injections. It provides information on the preparation, dosage, administration, mechanism of action, storage, uses, side effects and good manufacturing practices for methylcobalamin injections. Methylcobalamin injections contain 500μg of methylcobalamin and are used to treat peripheral neuropathies and megaloblastic anemia by improving blood and nerve cell metabolism. They are usually administered intramuscularly or intravenously 3 times per week with dosage adjustments based on age and symptoms.
Capsules are solid dosage forms that enclose drugs within gelatin or other soluble shells. They offer a convenient way to deliver accurate doses of drugs orally or via other routes. Capsules can be filled manually or using automated machines. Proper selection of capsule size, accurate weighing, and thorough blending are important to ensure uniform dosing. Capsule formulations should be prepared in sufficient excess amounts and assigned an appropriate expiration date.
Common machinery of tablet manufacturing & Small scale & large scale manufact...Faruk Hossen
This document provides an overview of tablet manufacturing processes, including both small-scale and large-scale production. It discusses the common machinery used in tablet making, as well as the formulation, advantages, and disadvantages of tablets. Large-scale manufacturing is characterized by high production volumes, mechanization, and global markets. Challenges of large-scale production include less supervision and individualization. Small-scale manufacturing allows for closer supervision and personal attention. The document also describes pilot plants, which test production technologies at a smaller scale before commercialization.
Pharmaceutical Industry: Manufacturing Pharmaceutical Tablet CoatingsMatt Smith
Find the solution for one of the toughest mixing applications in the pharmaceutical industry, by reading this case study on manufacturing pharmaceutical tablet coatings. Read about the Process, the Problem and the Solution.
Quality Control Tests For Tablets and Capsules(QC)mdpavel
This document discusses quality control tests for tablets and capsules. It describes tests for general appearance, size, shape, thickness, color, and odor. It then compares quality control tests from the British, Indian, and United States Pharmacopoeias, including tests for content of active ingredients, disintegration, uniformity of content and weight, and labeling. Specific tests are described for different types of tablets, including uncoated, enteric coated, dispersible, and modified release tablets. Common non-official tests like hardness and friability are also summarized.
Alcohol and Drugs Awareness Suggestions | Len MistrettaLen Mistretta
We share all the matter related drugs and alcohol via this guidelines as per Len Mistretta. These are too beneficial so real and understand these tips.
The document provides an overview of bacterial cell structure and its relationship to pathogenicity. It describes the key components of bacterial cells, including the capsule, cell wall, cytoplasmic membrane, flagella, pili, and differences between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Specifically, it compares the thicker peptidoglycan cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria to the thinner cell wall and additional outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. It also discusses how various bacterial cell structures like the capsule, cell wall components, and lipopolysaccharides can induce pathogenic effects or immune responses in the host.
This document discusses vitamin B12 (cobalamin) injections. It provides information on the preparation, dosage, administration, mechanism of action, storage, uses, side effects and good manufacturing practices for methylcobalamin injections. Methylcobalamin injections contain 500μg of methylcobalamin and are used to treat peripheral neuropathies and megaloblastic anemia by improving blood and nerve cell metabolism. They are usually administered intramuscularly or intravenously 3 times per week with dosage adjustments based on age and symptoms.
The document summarizes key findings from the LIFE study, a large clinical trial that compared losartan to atenolol for reducing cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy. The main findings were:
1) Losartan reduced the primary composite endpoint of cardiovascular death, stroke or myocardial infarction by 13% compared to atenolol, with comparable blood pressure reduction in both groups.
2) Secondary analyses found losartan reduced risks for several individual components of the primary endpoint including stroke and heart failure hospitalizations.
3) Losartan provided greater regression of left ventricular hypertrophy compared to atenolol based on electrocardiogram and echocardiogram assessments
This document provides a business plan for Losartan Potassium (Losartan) in Bangladesh for 2015. It summarizes hypertension prevalence data from various sources, showing about 20% of people in Bangladesh have hypertension. The cardiovascular drug market is growing at 11% annually and Losartan has a 29.24% share of the antihypertensive market. The objectives for 2015 are to achieve 10% sales growth, a 4.9% market share, and reach the number 3 market position for Losartan. The strategies proposed include increasing prescriptions from specialty physicians like cardiologists and improving performance in metro areas through targeted promotional initiatives.
This document provides information about a school district's drug and alcohol policy for employees. It discusses the legal obligations to ensure employees are not using illegal drugs or abusing legal drugs/alcohol. It outlines penalties for violations like positive drug tests or loss of teaching certificate. It provides details on drug testing procedures and health effects of substance abuse. The goal is to maintain a safe, productive workplace.
1. The document discusses the processes involved in a drug molecule traveling through the human body from administration to reaching its target site, known as pharmacokinetics.
2. Pharmacokinetics involves absorption of the drug into systemic circulation, distribution of the drug via blood plasma to tissues and organs, and elimination of the drug from the body through biotransformation or excretion.
3. For a drug to have an effect, it must reach the biophase, or site of action, at an appropriate concentration by passing through biological barriers in the body via processes like passive diffusion, carrier-mediated transport, vesicular transport, or paracellular transport between cells.
Flagella, pilli. capsule and their functionMicrobiology
Bacteria use various appendages and structures for motility and attachment. Flagella are thin filaments that propel many bacteria through liquids and semi-solid surfaces. They are composed of flagellin protein and have a basal body, hook, and long filament. Fimbriae and pili are short hair-like structures involved in attachment to surfaces and conjugation between bacterial cells to transfer DNA. Capsules are outer layers of polysaccharides or other materials that protect bacteria from phagocytosis and promote virulence. These structures help bacteria move, attach, exchange genes, and evade the immune system.
Allergies can cause symptoms like sneezing, rashes, redness, itching, and possibly pain. Allergies are caused by foods, genetics, hygiene factors, and acute responses to allergens. Allergens can be diagnosed through skin testing or blood testing. Prevention includes avoiding pollens, molds, mosquitoes, bees, and pharmacotherapy or immunotherapy treatment. Allergens can be inhalant allergens from the air, ingestant allergens from food, contactant allergens that touch the skin or mucosa, or allergens from injections, insect venom, microorganisms, physical factors, and environmental pollutants.
This document summarizes the manufacturing and evaluation of hard and soft gelatin capsules. It discusses the types of gelatin used, the parts of capsules, and methods for manufacturing empty and filled capsules. Hard gelatin capsules are made through dipping, spinning, drying, stripping, trimming and joining processes. Soft gelatin capsules can be made via plate, rotary die or reciprocating die methods. The document also covers important gelatin specifications, tests for capsule stability, content uniformity, disintegration and dissolution. Evaluation ensures the quality and performance of gelatin capsules.
A brief description of some important topics of pharmaceutical chemistry like lead compounds bioactive compounds and prodrugs &soft drugs which are the base of pharmaceuticals.
This document provides an overview of stereochemistry. It begins by defining constitutional and stereoisomers. Stereoisomers have the same connectivity but different arrangements in space, and include enantiomers and diastereomers. The document then discusses chiral centers and molecules, and how the presence of a chiral center leads to chirality. It also covers topics such as optical activity, properties of enantiomers and diastereomers, meso compounds, geometric isomers, and resolving racemic mixtures. Resolution methods discussed include conversion to diastereomers and differential absorption chromatography.
Medicinal chemistry of Antiamoebic agentsGanesh Mote
This document discusses amebiasis, an intestinal infection caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. It describes the life cycle and symptoms of E. histolytica, from ingesting cysts to formation of trophozoites that penetrate the intestinal wall and may cause liver abscesses. Diagnosis involves isolating E. histolytica from feces. Treatment aims to eliminate actively infected and asymptomatic carriers to prevent future infections. Several antiamoebic drugs are discussed including metronidazole, diloxanide, and 8-hydroxyquinolines that act on intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Metronidazole's mechanism of action involves reductive activation by susceptible
Carbamazepine is commonly used to treat bipolar disorder. Lithium remains the gold standard but has side effects. Treatment should continue for at least two years after the last manic episode and up to five years if there are risk factors for relapse. Antidepressants may also be needed to treat co-existing depression. Benzodiazepines can provide short-term relief of agitation but are not recommended for long-term use.
Plasmodium parasites cause malaria in humans. The document discusses various antimalarial agents, including:
1. Chloroquine, a 4-aminoquinoline that inhibits heme polymerization in parasites and is effective against several Plasmodium species but resistance has developed.
2. Mefloquine, a quinoline-methanol with strong blood-stage activity against multidrug resistant P. falciparum.
3. Quinine, a cinchona alkaloid that remains effective against some resistant strains and has moderate activity against hepatic and transmission stages.
The document discusses various types of anticancer agents, including their classification and mechanisms of action. It focuses on alkylating agents, specifically nitrogen mustards. Nitrogen mustards were some of the first chemicals used to treat cancer and work by alkylating DNA at the N7 position of guanine. This prevents replication and can activate apoptosis. Examples discussed include mechlorethamine, chlorambucil, melphalan, and cyclophosphamide. Cyclophosphamide must be activated in the body to form an aziridinium ion that alkylates DNA. The document also briefly mentions mitomycin C, an antibiotic used in cancer treatment.
Sulphonamides are among the oldest antibacterial agents used to treat infections. They work by competitively inhibiting the enzyme dihydropteroate synthase, blocking folic acid synthesis in bacteria. This makes them bacteriostatic rather than bactericidal. Chemical modifications of the sulphonamide structure have led to important drug classes like diuretics, hypoglycemics, and anti-mycobacterials. Sulphonamides are commonly used to treat urinary tract, respiratory, and other bacterial infections. When combined with trimethoprim, they have broad-spectrum activity against many pathogens and are used as co-trimoxazole. Adverse effects can include allergic reactions and bone marrow suppression.
Natural products in pharmaceutical chemistry Nelson giovanny rincon silvaNelson Giovanny Rincon S
The document discusses the history of natural products in medicine, noting that plants have long formed the basis of traditional medicine systems dating back thousands of years in ancient Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, India, and among the Greeks and Romans. It describes how natural products from plants, animals, and microbes have been the source of many modern drugs and continue to offer novel drug leads. The document also provides examples of important natural products that have been used medicinally and taxonomically classifies natural products based on their biosynthetic origins.
Capsules and tablets are common dosage forms for delivering medications. Capsules come in two types - hard capsules which contain strong medications and consist of two pieces, and soft capsules which contain liquids and semi-solids. Tablets are solid doses made by compressing powdered medications and excipients into a solid form using molds or pressing equipment. Excipients like diluents, binders, and flavors are often added to help produce tablets in large quantities through manufacturing processes.
Tablets are one of the most common oral solid dosage forms. They can be produced through compression or molding methods. There are several types of tablets including compressed, sugar-coated, film-coated, enteric-coated, and controlled-release tablets. Tablets contain active drug ingredients along with excipients that serve various purposes like diluents, binders, lubricants, disintegrants, and colors. Excipients are carefully selected to provide tablets with properties like hardness, disintegration, and appropriate dissolution for drug release.
Here are the answers to your questions:
1) Scored or grooved tablets
2) Disintegrants
3) Friabulator
4-6) Wet granulation, dry granulation, direct compression
7) Microencapsulation
Soft gelatin capsules are solid dosage forms where the drug is enclosed in a soft soluble gelatin shell, usually formed from gelatin. There are two main types of capsules: hard gelatin capsules and soft gelatin capsules. Soft gelatin capsules are one-piece shells containing liquids, suspensions, or semisolids. They are manufactured using either a plate process or rotary die process, which simultaneously fills, seals, and cuts the capsules. Quality is ensured through testing of ingredients, in-process testing, and finished product testing.
The document summarizes key findings from the LIFE study, a large clinical trial that compared losartan to atenolol for reducing cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy. The main findings were:
1) Losartan reduced the primary composite endpoint of cardiovascular death, stroke or myocardial infarction by 13% compared to atenolol, with comparable blood pressure reduction in both groups.
2) Secondary analyses found losartan reduced risks for several individual components of the primary endpoint including stroke and heart failure hospitalizations.
3) Losartan provided greater regression of left ventricular hypertrophy compared to atenolol based on electrocardiogram and echocardiogram assessments
This document provides a business plan for Losartan Potassium (Losartan) in Bangladesh for 2015. It summarizes hypertension prevalence data from various sources, showing about 20% of people in Bangladesh have hypertension. The cardiovascular drug market is growing at 11% annually and Losartan has a 29.24% share of the antihypertensive market. The objectives for 2015 are to achieve 10% sales growth, a 4.9% market share, and reach the number 3 market position for Losartan. The strategies proposed include increasing prescriptions from specialty physicians like cardiologists and improving performance in metro areas through targeted promotional initiatives.
This document provides information about a school district's drug and alcohol policy for employees. It discusses the legal obligations to ensure employees are not using illegal drugs or abusing legal drugs/alcohol. It outlines penalties for violations like positive drug tests or loss of teaching certificate. It provides details on drug testing procedures and health effects of substance abuse. The goal is to maintain a safe, productive workplace.
1. The document discusses the processes involved in a drug molecule traveling through the human body from administration to reaching its target site, known as pharmacokinetics.
2. Pharmacokinetics involves absorption of the drug into systemic circulation, distribution of the drug via blood plasma to tissues and organs, and elimination of the drug from the body through biotransformation or excretion.
3. For a drug to have an effect, it must reach the biophase, or site of action, at an appropriate concentration by passing through biological barriers in the body via processes like passive diffusion, carrier-mediated transport, vesicular transport, or paracellular transport between cells.
Flagella, pilli. capsule and their functionMicrobiology
Bacteria use various appendages and structures for motility and attachment. Flagella are thin filaments that propel many bacteria through liquids and semi-solid surfaces. They are composed of flagellin protein and have a basal body, hook, and long filament. Fimbriae and pili are short hair-like structures involved in attachment to surfaces and conjugation between bacterial cells to transfer DNA. Capsules are outer layers of polysaccharides or other materials that protect bacteria from phagocytosis and promote virulence. These structures help bacteria move, attach, exchange genes, and evade the immune system.
Allergies can cause symptoms like sneezing, rashes, redness, itching, and possibly pain. Allergies are caused by foods, genetics, hygiene factors, and acute responses to allergens. Allergens can be diagnosed through skin testing or blood testing. Prevention includes avoiding pollens, molds, mosquitoes, bees, and pharmacotherapy or immunotherapy treatment. Allergens can be inhalant allergens from the air, ingestant allergens from food, contactant allergens that touch the skin or mucosa, or allergens from injections, insect venom, microorganisms, physical factors, and environmental pollutants.
This document summarizes the manufacturing and evaluation of hard and soft gelatin capsules. It discusses the types of gelatin used, the parts of capsules, and methods for manufacturing empty and filled capsules. Hard gelatin capsules are made through dipping, spinning, drying, stripping, trimming and joining processes. Soft gelatin capsules can be made via plate, rotary die or reciprocating die methods. The document also covers important gelatin specifications, tests for capsule stability, content uniformity, disintegration and dissolution. Evaluation ensures the quality and performance of gelatin capsules.
A brief description of some important topics of pharmaceutical chemistry like lead compounds bioactive compounds and prodrugs &soft drugs which are the base of pharmaceuticals.
This document provides an overview of stereochemistry. It begins by defining constitutional and stereoisomers. Stereoisomers have the same connectivity but different arrangements in space, and include enantiomers and diastereomers. The document then discusses chiral centers and molecules, and how the presence of a chiral center leads to chirality. It also covers topics such as optical activity, properties of enantiomers and diastereomers, meso compounds, geometric isomers, and resolving racemic mixtures. Resolution methods discussed include conversion to diastereomers and differential absorption chromatography.
Medicinal chemistry of Antiamoebic agentsGanesh Mote
This document discusses amebiasis, an intestinal infection caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. It describes the life cycle and symptoms of E. histolytica, from ingesting cysts to formation of trophozoites that penetrate the intestinal wall and may cause liver abscesses. Diagnosis involves isolating E. histolytica from feces. Treatment aims to eliminate actively infected and asymptomatic carriers to prevent future infections. Several antiamoebic drugs are discussed including metronidazole, diloxanide, and 8-hydroxyquinolines that act on intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Metronidazole's mechanism of action involves reductive activation by susceptible
Carbamazepine is commonly used to treat bipolar disorder. Lithium remains the gold standard but has side effects. Treatment should continue for at least two years after the last manic episode and up to five years if there are risk factors for relapse. Antidepressants may also be needed to treat co-existing depression. Benzodiazepines can provide short-term relief of agitation but are not recommended for long-term use.
Plasmodium parasites cause malaria in humans. The document discusses various antimalarial agents, including:
1. Chloroquine, a 4-aminoquinoline that inhibits heme polymerization in parasites and is effective against several Plasmodium species but resistance has developed.
2. Mefloquine, a quinoline-methanol with strong blood-stage activity against multidrug resistant P. falciparum.
3. Quinine, a cinchona alkaloid that remains effective against some resistant strains and has moderate activity against hepatic and transmission stages.
The document discusses various types of anticancer agents, including their classification and mechanisms of action. It focuses on alkylating agents, specifically nitrogen mustards. Nitrogen mustards were some of the first chemicals used to treat cancer and work by alkylating DNA at the N7 position of guanine. This prevents replication and can activate apoptosis. Examples discussed include mechlorethamine, chlorambucil, melphalan, and cyclophosphamide. Cyclophosphamide must be activated in the body to form an aziridinium ion that alkylates DNA. The document also briefly mentions mitomycin C, an antibiotic used in cancer treatment.
Sulphonamides are among the oldest antibacterial agents used to treat infections. They work by competitively inhibiting the enzyme dihydropteroate synthase, blocking folic acid synthesis in bacteria. This makes them bacteriostatic rather than bactericidal. Chemical modifications of the sulphonamide structure have led to important drug classes like diuretics, hypoglycemics, and anti-mycobacterials. Sulphonamides are commonly used to treat urinary tract, respiratory, and other bacterial infections. When combined with trimethoprim, they have broad-spectrum activity against many pathogens and are used as co-trimoxazole. Adverse effects can include allergic reactions and bone marrow suppression.
Natural products in pharmaceutical chemistry Nelson giovanny rincon silvaNelson Giovanny Rincon S
The document discusses the history of natural products in medicine, noting that plants have long formed the basis of traditional medicine systems dating back thousands of years in ancient Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, India, and among the Greeks and Romans. It describes how natural products from plants, animals, and microbes have been the source of many modern drugs and continue to offer novel drug leads. The document also provides examples of important natural products that have been used medicinally and taxonomically classifies natural products based on their biosynthetic origins.
Capsules and tablets are common dosage forms for delivering medications. Capsules come in two types - hard capsules which contain strong medications and consist of two pieces, and soft capsules which contain liquids and semi-solids. Tablets are solid doses made by compressing powdered medications and excipients into a solid form using molds or pressing equipment. Excipients like diluents, binders, and flavors are often added to help produce tablets in large quantities through manufacturing processes.
Tablets are one of the most common oral solid dosage forms. They can be produced through compression or molding methods. There are several types of tablets including compressed, sugar-coated, film-coated, enteric-coated, and controlled-release tablets. Tablets contain active drug ingredients along with excipients that serve various purposes like diluents, binders, lubricants, disintegrants, and colors. Excipients are carefully selected to provide tablets with properties like hardness, disintegration, and appropriate dissolution for drug release.
Here are the answers to your questions:
1) Scored or grooved tablets
2) Disintegrants
3) Friabulator
4-6) Wet granulation, dry granulation, direct compression
7) Microencapsulation
Soft gelatin capsules are solid dosage forms where the drug is enclosed in a soft soluble gelatin shell, usually formed from gelatin. There are two main types of capsules: hard gelatin capsules and soft gelatin capsules. Soft gelatin capsules are one-piece shells containing liquids, suspensions, or semisolids. They are manufactured using either a plate process or rotary die process, which simultaneously fills, seals, and cuts the capsules. Quality is ensured through testing of ingredients, in-process testing, and finished product testing.
Tablet excipients serve several important functions in tablet manufacturing including improving properties like flow, stability, and bioavailability. Common excipients include diluents, binders, disintegrants, and lubricants. Tablets can be classified based on their route of administration, drug delivery system, and manufacturing method. Key types include compressed, enteric coated, chewable, sublingual, and effervescent tablets. Excipients allow tablets to be designed for rapid or delayed drug release depending on the therapeutic need.
Tablet excipients serve several important functions in tablet manufacturing including improving properties like weight, accuracy and stability. Common excipients include diluents to add bulk, binders that hold the tablet together, and disintegrants that cause the tablet to break apart when it contacts water. Tablet types are classified based on their route of administration and how the drug is delivered. Common oral tablet types include compressed, enteric coated for drug release in the intestines, and chewable for children. Other tablet types are used in the oral cavity or for other routes like vaginal or implantable tablets. [/SUMMARY]
This document discusses different types of solid pharmaceutical dosage forms including compressed tablets, sugar-coated tablets, film-coated tablets, enteric-coated tablets, controlled-release tablets, effervescent tablets, buccal/sublingual tablets, molded tablets, and tablet preparations and ingredients. Compressed tablets can contain active drug substances alone or combined with other materials and are formed by compression. Other tablets like sugar-coated, film-coated, and enteric-coated tablets provide coatings that protect the drug or alter its release location. Controlled-release tablets slowly release the drug over time. Effervescent tablets contain materials that produce carbon dioxide when dissolved. Tablet ingredients include active drugs and inert excipients
This document discusses tablets as a type of solid oral dosage form used for drug delivery. It defines tablets as compressed powders or granules containing medicinal ingredients. The document outlines the advantages of tablets such as ease of administration and accurate dosing. It also discusses different types of tablets including compressed, enteric coated, and chewable tablets. The document provides details on the manufacturing process for compressed tablets including preparation of granules, compression, and coating. It also lists common excipients used in tablet formulations such as diluents, binding agents, and disintegrating agents.
Tablets are the most popular oral dosage form, comprising compressed powders into solid dosage units. Tablets can be formulated for immediate release or modified release of the drug. There are several types of tablets including compressed, layered, sugar-coated, film-coated, chewable, sublingual, buccal, lozenges, dental cones, implants, and vaginal/insert tablets. Tablets offer benefits like accurate dosing, stability, low cost and ease of production compared to other dosage forms.
A detailed study on tablets, its classification, excipients, tablet granulation, methods of granulation, compression machines, equipment tooling and the problems that occur during the tablet manufacturing process. This presentation is based on the PCI syllabus for bpharm students of fifth semester.
A detailed study on Tablets which describes about tablets, coating of tablets and then a study on the quality control of tablets. The chapter deals with the minute aspects of tablets and gives us an enlightenment of the solid dosage form which is commonly used all around the world
In the changing scenario of pharmacy practice in India, for successful practice of
Hospital Pharmacy, the students are required to learn various skills like drug distribution,
drug dispensing, manufacturing of parenteral preparations, drug information, patient
counselling, and therapeutic drug monitoring for improved patient care
This document discusses various dosage forms used in pharmaceutical manufacturing. It describes dosage forms as drug formulations containing active pharmaceutical ingredients and excipients that are used for diagnosis, treatment or prevention of diseases. Some key dosage forms mentioned include tablets, capsules, powders, liquids, semisolids, creams, ointments, inhalers, suppositories and aerosols. Tablets and capsules are described as the most common unit solid dosage forms. The document also provides details on the composition, manufacturing process and common types of tablets.
This document provides an overview of tablets as a pharmaceutical dosage form. It discusses different types of tablets including compressed, sugar coated, film coated, and others. It describes common tablet ingredients such as diluents, binders, disintegrants, and lubricants. The document also covers tablet manufacturing processes including granulation and compression. It evaluates tablet properties and discusses coating techniques and coating machines.
This document provides information about tablets, including their definition, advantages, disadvantages and types. It discusses the main components of tablets, including active ingredients and excipients. It describes different types of tablets based on their route of administration and production process. The purposes and examples of various excipients like diluents, binders, disintegrants, lubricants and coloring agents are outlined. Granulation is introduced as a process to prevent segregation and improve flow of powder mixtures that are then compressed into tablets.
Tablets: a.Introduction, ideal characteristics of tablets, Classification of tablets. Excipients, Formulation of tablets, granulation methods, compression and processing problems.
This document provides information on soft and hard gelatin capsules. It discusses the classification of capsules, the components and production process of soft gelatin capsules, and the structure, manufacturing, filling principles, and sealing of hard gelatin capsules. Soft gelatin capsules are one-piece and can encapsulate liquids, while hard gelatin capsules have a separate cap and body that are filled and then sealed. The production processes aim to precisely control factors like thickness, moisture levels, and fill weight to produce high quality capsules.
ORAL ROUTE OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION_Dr. Jeenal Mistry.pdfDr Jeenal Mistry
Oral Dosage Form practical session mainly for undergraduate students, those are learning competency based with PH 2.1: Demonstrate an understanding of use of various dosage forms(Oral/Local/Parenteral ;Solid/Liquid)
Specific Learning Objectives:
The student should be able to:
•Enlist the common dosage forms used for oral route of administration
•Instruct the patient about the correct method of using an oral dosage form
•Describe the advantages and disadvantages of various dosage forms
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Nano-gold for Cancer Therapy chemistry investigatory projectSIVAVINAYAKPK
chemistry investigatory project
The development of nanogold-based cancer therapy could revolutionize oncology by providing a more targeted, less invasive treatment option. This project contributes to the growing body of research aimed at harnessing nanotechnology for medical applications, paving the way for future clinical trials and potential commercial applications.
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, prompting the need for innovative treatment methods. Nanotechnology offers promising new approaches, including the use of gold nanoparticles (nanogold) for targeted cancer therapy. Nanogold particles possess unique physical and chemical properties that make them suitable for drug delivery, imaging, and photothermal therapy.
5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT or Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that serves a range of roles in the human body. It is sometimes referred to as the happy chemical since it promotes overall well-being and happiness.
It is mostly found in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets.
5-HT is utilised to transport messages between nerve cells, is known to be involved in smooth muscle contraction, and adds to overall well-being and pleasure, among other benefits. 5-HT regulates the body's sleep-wake cycles and internal clock by acting as a precursor to melatonin.
It is hypothesised to regulate hunger, emotions, motor, cognitive, and autonomic processes.
NAVIGATING THE HORIZONS OF TIME LAPSE EMBRYO MONITORING.pdfRahul Sen
Time-lapse embryo monitoring is an advanced imaging technique used in IVF to continuously observe embryo development. It captures high-resolution images at regular intervals, allowing embryologists to select the most viable embryos for transfer based on detailed growth patterns. This technology enhances embryo selection, potentially increasing pregnancy success rates.
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.
Know the difference between Endodontics and Orthodontics.Gokuldas Hospital
Your smile is beautiful.
Let’s be honest. Maintaining that beautiful smile is not an easy task. It is more than brushing and flossing. Sometimes, you might encounter dental issues that need special dental care. These issues can range anywhere from misalignment of the jaw to pain in the root of teeth.
Test bank for karp s cell and molecular biology 9th edition by gerald karp.pdfrightmanforbloodline
Test bank for karp s cell and molecular biology 9th edition by gerald karp.pdf
Test bank for karp s cell and molecular biology 9th edition by gerald karp.pdf
Test bank for karp s cell and molecular biology 9th edition by gerald karp.pdf
Summer is a time for fun in the sun, but the heat and humidity can also wreak havoc on your skin. From itchy rashes to unwanted pigmentation, several skin conditions become more prevalent during these warmer months.
Kosmoderma Academy, a leading institution in the field of dermatology and aesthetics, offers comprehensive courses in cosmetology and trichology. Our specialized courses on PRP (Hair), DR+Growth Factor, GFC, and Qr678 are designed to equip practitioners with advanced skills and knowledge to excel in hair restoration and growth treatments.
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune DiseaseHealth Advances
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotesPsychoTech Services
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3. The supplements are strong dose models in which one or
more medicaments and inert ingredients are surrounded
within a small spend, usually ready from the right type of
gelatin.
Based upon on their ingredients, the gelatin pills spend
might be hard or soft
.
4. Difficult gelatin supplements are used for attaching
strong medicaments.
Consist of two areas, a body system and a lid.
5. Smooth gelatin supplements are used for
fluid and partial strong medicaments.
6.
7. A tablet is a drug amount type which consists
of a combination of active substances and
excipients,usually in powdered type, pushed
or compressed from a powdered into a solid
amount.
9. •Pharmacologist have ready pills in two primary ways-by
using a product triturate mold or an equipment for
pressure.
•Certain excipients are also included to the medicaments in
the ingredients of pills.
• The compacted pills are ready in huge quantities by the
large-scale manufacturing methods
10.
11. Excipients can include:
• diluents
• binders or granulating agents
• Glidants (flow aids) and lubrication,
• Disintergrants
• Sweeteners or flavours
• A plastic coating
12. Compacted pills are less heavy , light and most
lightweight of all dental dose forms.
The content consistency ,low cost ,product recognition
makes compressed pills ideal remedies.
The shaped pills (Tablet triturates) are the grains shaped
into pills.