The document outlines the foundational concepts of genetics, including heredity, inheritance, and variation, along with a brief biography of Gregor Mendel, who is recognized as the father of genetics. It details Mendel's significant experiments with pea plants and his laws of inheritance, which were initially unrecognized but later rediscovered. The text also includes multiple-choice questions to assess understanding of Mendel's contributions and genetic principles.

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1. Introduction of Course
2. Introduction of genetics
3. Mendel's life
4. Mendel's life and his work
5. Characters choose by
Mendel's of pea for his work
Genetics
Genetics © Bio-Geek
Akash Kundan Bagade
CSIR- NET, MH-SET and GATE
Pursuing Ph.D.

2. INTRODUCTION
• Genetics is the branch of biology that deals with
study of heredity and variation.
• Genetics depends on Gene.
• The term genetics coined by William Bateson in
1906.
• Heredity- Heredity is the transmission genetic
characters from parents to their offspring.
• Inheritance- It is the process by which characters or
traits from one generation to the next.
• Variation- It is the degree of differences in the
progeny and between the progeny and the parents.
The term variation is also used for a single difference
in trait.
Genetics © Bio-Geek

3. 1857- Started his landmark
experiment on Pea.
1854- completed graduation
became Science teacher
6th January 1884- Died.
1843- Joined
Augustinian Monastery
1847- Became Priest
in Church
1851- Admitted in graduation
with Natural Science,
Mathematics and Physics
Gregor John Mendel
Life History
Born- 22 July 1822
1868- He was nominated
as Abbot (Father)
1865- Presented his
paper
Mendel life history
Genetics © Bio-Geek

4. Mendel Life
• Mendel read his paper 1865 in Natural History Society on “EXPRIMENT IN PLANT HYBRIDIZATION”
• This paper mainly on Pea Plant.
• This paper then translated in English language by William Bateson in 1901.
• Mendel's work not recognized that time because Mendel used Mathematics in his experiment. .
• In 1900- Three scientist independently reported similar result as that of Mendel and rediscovery of Mendel
work.
• 1. Hugo de Varies in Holland- Oenothera
2. Carl Correns in Germany- Maize and Pea.
3. Erich Von Tsermack in Austria- Pea
Then Mendel called as “Father of Genetics”
• Mendel postulated law of inheritance.
• He coined the term factors.
• Now it is called Gene- given by Johnson.
• These factors are in pair which segregated during gamete formation without mixing or blending.
• With this Mendel reject the Blending inheritance.
Genetics © Bio-Geek

5. Mendel Work
• Mendel worked on Pisum sativum (pea) plant.
Genetics © Bio-Geek

6. Mendel took _______ contrasting characteristics of pea plants.
(a) eight
(b) seven
(c) six
(d) Five
What, according to Medel, was responsible for the inheritance of specific traits?
a) Genes
b) Factors
c) Chromosomes
d) DNA
What branch of biology focusses on the study of patterns of inheritance?
a) Genetics
b) Immunology
c) Evolution
d) Ecology
The process of transfer of characters from parents to offspring is referred to as ______
a) Inheritance
b) Heritage
c) Genetics
d) Variation
Who proposed the laws of inheritance in living organisms?
a) Gregor Mendel
b) James Watson
c) Francis Crick
d) Erwin Chargaff
Multiple choice Question