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Lawn management
This document provides recommendations for maintaining a healthy lawn. It discusses soil preparation including aeration and adding organic matter. It recommends treatments for pest and disease control of roots before transplanting. It lists common grass varieties for lawns and weeds to control. It describes fertilizer and weed management. It also discusses common lawn problems like chlorosis, dog urine damage, and mowing issues. Finally, it covers pests like white ants and diseases like anthracnose, brown patch and their symptoms and controls.
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Lawn management
- 1. Lawn Management Recommendations fora Healthy turf
- 2. Lawn Establishment Soil- Alight soil with excellent drainage is ideal, If Heavy soil, it should be made light by mixing Sand. Preparation and Manuring- Ensure Deep Digging for proper aeration.Mix well rotten organic manure. Ensure it is free from termites. Soil Treatment for disease and Pest control- Acer (Carbendazim + Mancozeb)- 2gm per lit + Spine (Bifenthrin 10 % )-1 ml per lit Echinocloa spp
- 3. For Better establishmentand growth Treatment of roots before transplanting. ( Sea Weed Extract technical grade) Use slurry containing 10 ml per lit water Mix with Manures @ 4 gm per sq m ( Root Enhancer Mix) Repeat as broadcast after every mowing
- 4. Common Grasses forLawn S. No Botanical Name Common name Texture Situation 1 Cynodon dactylon Hariyali (or) Arugu (or) Doob grass Medium fine Suitable for open sunny location; drought resistant 2 Stenotaphrum secundatum St. Augustine grass or Buffalo grass Coarse texture Suitable for shady situation; requires frequent watering 3 Sporobolus tremulus Chain grass (or) Upparugu Fine Suitable for saline soils and open sunny locations 4 Poa annua Annual blue grass Medium fine Suitable for acid soils and suitable for higher elevations 5 Pennisetum clandestinum Kikuyu grass Rough Grow well in acids soils, suitable for higher elevations. 6 Zoisia japonica Japan grass Coarse Suitable for poor sandy soil; open sunny situation, slow in growth 7 Z. matrella Manila grass Medium Suitable for open sunny situation 8 Z. tenuifolia Korean grass or velvet grass or carpet grass Fine Suitable for open sunny situation 9 Cynodon sp. Bermuda grass (or) Hyderabad grass Fine Suitable for open sunny situation, needs mowing 10 Cynodon sp. Dwarf Bermuda Medium Suitable for open sunny situation 11 Festuca sp. Fescue grass Coarse Shade tolerant, survive on inferior soils 12 Paspalum vaginatum Paspalum grass Medium Suitable for open sunny situation
- 5. Common Grassy Weeds/Sedges SawankiEchinochloa spp Motha- Cyperus Rotundus Crab GrassDigitaria sangunalis Makda Ghas Dactyloctenium aegypticum
- 6. Broad Leaf Weeds Achyranthusaspera Lath Zeera Patharchata Trianthema spp Dandalion Taraxacum officinale Field Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) Hiran Khuri Convolvulis spp
- 7. Weed Management- PreSowing application Glyphosate 4-5 ml per lit water Paraquat 2 ml per lit water
- 8. Weed Management ofeatablished lawns Perenniel Grassy Weeds need to be manually removed. In heavily infested patches, use of Fire or Bound off may be advisable, in that case resowing of lawn grass will be required Annual Grasses, Sedges and broad leaved weeds are effectively controlled by preemergence spray of Pendishree( Pendimethlin) @ 4 ml per lit water All Broad Leaved weeds can be controlled by spray of Cut off (2-4-D) 58% @ 2-3 ml per lit water.
- 9. Common Problems inLawn Problem Symptoms Control Chlorosis Grass turns yellow with the deficiency of magnesium and iron Apply Picaso gold ( Chelated Micronutrient Mix)@ 2 ml per lit water, Drench properly. Dog urine Dead grass in the lawn Re-plant grass in a circular manner, Water profusely within an hour of dog urination. Fertilizer burn Grass browns especially in hot weather Drench the lawn in injured areas to leach excess fertilizers deep into the soil. Apply Bio Gold @ 2 ml per lit water Improper mowing Lawns cut too closely turn yellowish and often look diseased or dried Mow enough to remove not more than 1/3rd height of the grass at a time. Keep mower blades sharp..A pply Bio Gold Improper watering Light sprinkling encourages shallow roots. Over watering causes diseases Water the lawn to wet the soil about10 to 15 cm depth.
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- 11. Common Pests Pest SymptomsControl White ants Form small mounds around the entrance to their nests Apply Srigent Gr ( Fipronil) @ 2 -3 gm per sq m or Spray Spine @ 2ml per lit water Or Baton ( Lambda Cyahalothrin) @ 2 ml per lit waterCut worms Eat away grass stems near the surface of the soil causing dead spots Grubs Eat away the roots of grasses creating brownish dead patches Leafhoppers Suck the juice from grass blades causing stripped white, then yellow and finally brown leaves. Spray Sitara ( Thiomethoxam) @ 1 gm per lit water Nematodes Affect the roots, lawn takes a bleached out appearance Apply Furarus ( Carbofuran) 40 g /sq.m
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- 13. Diseases Disease Symptoms Anthracnose Irregular-sizedtan, brown, reddish-brown patches of grass ranging in size from several inches to several yards. Spots may also be present on grass blades. Can kill turfgrass if left untreated. Brown Patch Circular area of dead grass. The circle may be small or large. The outer portion may be a "smoky" color. The leaves can be easily pulled from the stem. Affected areas may have a sunken appearance. Does not usually cause permanent damage. Dollar spot Small (silver dollar-sized) spots of tan/brown grass appear over the lawn. The spots may merge into large affected areas. Grass blades will have tan/brown areas on them. Does not usually cause permanent damage. Fairy ring Dark green circle or semi-circle of grass. Area next to it may be a lighter-colored area of dying grass. Mushrooms may or may not be present. The entire affected area must be dug up and reseeded. Fusarium blight Prompted by hot, dry weather, color transitions from light green to brown to tan before dying. Fusarium patch/snow mold Fusarium patch (or pink snow mold) usually occurs after snow melts but can be caused by cold, wet weather at other times. Starts as greenish yellow but turns a distinctive pink shade. Gray color indicates another snow mold variety that matures under snow layers during colder winters. It also starts with a yellow tint but runs grayish white. Leaf spot There are leaf spot infections that attack warm- and cool-season grasses. Grass begins to appear gray, tan or brown. Upon closer examination, tan, red or purple spots are evident. Can severely thin or kill turfgrass.
- 14. Disease Disease Symptom Necrotic ring spot/summerpatch Round, sunken areas of reddish-tan grass that resembles a bull's eye. The very similar summer patch takes a more oval or irregular shape. Powdery mildew Common in shady areas, the infection resembles white dust. Blades eventually turn tan to brown. The damage can be permanent. Pythium blight Also called grease spot due to the brown slimy areas it produces. White patches may also appear. Can spread and kill grass quickly. Red thread Red or faded patches, reddish or pink threads reach from leaf tips to adjoining leaves. Damage is usually not permanent. Rust Distinctive orange rust-like appearance. The spores will attach easily to tools and clothing. Not usually harmful. Slime mold Patches of white/gray/black deposits on leaves. May appear powdery in early stages. Forms tiny balls as the infections matures. Slime molds will not cause permanent damage, but they can inhibit growth if the infestation is heavy. Remove with a rake, broom or by spraying with a garden hose. Smut Yellowing blades turn to black and begin to curl. The entire plant is affected and is likely to die.
- 15. Control of Diseases Regularspraying @ 2ml or 2 gm per lit water. Controls most of the diseases effectively OR
- 16. For Increased Efficacyof spray Benefit – Super Fast Absorption of product in the target crop or week – Easy drainage of water, can be used to avoid waterlogging – Attractive appearance of the turf
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