This document discusses common turf grass diseases, their symptoms, and methods of control. It describes several fungal and bacterial diseases that affect cool-season and warm-season turf grasses, including anthracnose, brown patch, dollar spot, fairy rings, powdery mildew, Pythium blight, red thread, rust, and white patch. For each disease, it provides details on the causal pathogen, affected host plants, symptoms, and recommended control strategies involving fungicides, cultural practices, and environmental management.

1. TURF GRASS DISEASES, SYMPTOMS AND
CONTROL
Presented by
1 Anusha Babooa

2. WHAT IS TURF GRASS?
 Turf grass is used worldwide as an alternative to traditional lawn
and grass due to its uniformity and ease of care.
 Two distinct types: cool-season and warm-season turf grass
 Turf grasses are used primarily on locations that require
immaculately groomed lawns and usually have extensive lawn
cover e.g., airports, cemeteries, athletic fields and golf courses.
 The turf grass helps prevent soil erosion and provides a very
aesthetically appealing look.
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3. LIST OF DISEASES
 Algae
 Anthracnose
 Brown Patch
 Dollar Spot
 Fairy Rings
 Powdery Mildew
 Pythium Blight
 Red Thread
 Rust
 White Patch
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4. ALGAE
 Algae are single-celled plants that grow on the
surface of wet soils or in water.
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5. o Symptoms:
Often a dark scum may appear on the soil surface.
This scum may crack and curl during dry weather.
o Control:
Algae can be controlled by coring or spiking to
improve soil drainage.
Also copper sulfate and some fungicides may be
used to control algae growth.
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6. ANTHRACNOSE
 Anthracnose of turf grass is most damaging on Annual
Bluegrass (Poa annua) and Bentgrass (Agrostis palustris).
 PATHOGEN: Colletotrichum cereale (formerly
Colletotrichum graminicola).
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7.  Symptoms:
Water-soaked stem lesions become dark in color
and the leaf blades eventually yellow and die.
Reddish-brown lesions with irregular pattern may
occur when warm weather, dry soil and increased
humidity within the turf canopy occur.
o Control:
Several contact (e.g., chlorothalonil), penetrant
(e.g., trifloxystrobin), and systemic
(e.g., propiconazole) fungicides are registered for
control of anthracnose.
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8. BROWN PATCH
 Cause: Rhizoctonia species
 Hosts: Bentgrass, ryegrasses, tall fescue and
sometimes hybrid bermudagrass.
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9.  Symptoms:
Brown patches develop during hot, wet weather on
cool season grasses.
Smoke rings that are composed of grayish
mycelium and dying grass often develop at the
margin of the patch when the disease is developing
rapidly.
o Control:
Good soil drainage, proper amounts of irrigation to
maintain adequate soil moisture, proper soil pH and
low levels of nitrogen fertilization.
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10. DOLLAR SPOT
 Cause: Sclerotinia homoeocarpa (now considered
species of Lanzia and Mollerodiscus)
 Hosts: Bentgrass, ryegrasses, bluegrass,
zoysiagrass and bermudagrass.
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11.  Symptom:
Small, circular spots develop over several days on
short cut grasses.
Larger patches of bleached grass usually develop
on taller cut turf.
o Control:
Adequate nitrogen fertilization and soil moisture
levels will help prevent the development of dollar
spot.
fungicides like Chlorothalonil, Cadmium can be
used.
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12. FAIRY RINGS
 Cause: Several basidiomycete type fungi (many
produce mushrooms or puffballs in association with
the fairy rings) Marasmius sp., Lepiota sp., Psalliota
sp.
 Hosts: All types of turfgrasses.
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13.  Symptoms:
Fairy rings may appear as small to large rings of
very green grass, dead grass, mushrooms or
puffballs with little effect on the grass or as
combinations of these symptoms.
o Control:
Removal of large sources of organic matter, such
as stumps, before areas are planted will help
prevent the development of some fairy rings.
Irrigation to keep the soil moist may prevent the
development or severe damage from fairy rings.
Aerification and extra watering of the rings may
help the grasses outgrow the damage.
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14. POWDERY MILDEW
 Cause: Erysiphe graminis
 Hosts: Bluegrass
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15.  Symptoms:
A white to gray powdery growth of fungus mycelium
develops on infected leaves.
Heavily infected leaves turn yellow and die
slowly, resulting in weakened plants that may be
killed by environmental stresses. Lower leaves are
generally affected more than younger leaves.
 Control:
Proper fertilization to avoid lush growth, higher
mowing height and irrigation to prevent drought
stress will help infected plants overcome the
disease.
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16. PHYTHIUM BLIGHT
 Cause: Pythium species
 Hosts: Bentgrass and ryegrasses
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17. Symptoms:

Pythium blight occurring in the summer first
appears as small circular patches.
Gray cottony mycelium may be seen in the affected
areas during very humid weather (cottony blight).
 Control:
Good soil and air drainage and low levels of
nitrogen fertilizer will help reduce the severity of
these diseases.
Proper fungicides must be selected.
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18. RED THREAD
 Cause: Corticium fuciforme (now called Laetisaria
fuciformis)
 Hosts: Bentgrass, bluegrass, fescues and
ryegrasses
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19.  Symptoms:
Circular or irregularly shaped patches of grass die
rapidly during cool-moist weather.
Patches may have a bleached or reddish color and
resemble dollar spot.
 Control:
Fertilization to maintain adequate levels of nutrients
will help overcome this disease.
Irrigate the turf as needed to prevent moisture
stress, but avoid long periods of excess water on
the leaves. 19

20. RUST
 Cause: Puccinia species
 Hosts: Bluegrass, ryegrass, tall fescue and zoysia
grass
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21.  Symptoms:
Small yellow flecks are the early symptoms that
develop on the leaves and stems.
Infected spots on leaves become larger yellow
areas with raised centers.
 Controls:
watering in the morning.
Several fungicides can be used to control this
disease .
proper fertilization and irrigation will help reduce
damage from rust.
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22. WHITE PATCH
 Cause: Melanotus spp.
 Hosts: Tall fescue
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23.  Symptoms:
White patch of tall fescue appears as blighted
patches
Patches are distinctly white with small white
mushrooms developing on leaf blades of the grass.
 Control:
Proper management practices and proper soil pH
help to overcome this disease
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24. The end
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