This document discusses the construction of artificial islands through land reclamation. It notes that population growth is putting pressure on available land area. Artificial islands are constructed by dredging sand from the ocean floor and depositing it in layers to form new land. The construction process involves installing temporary supports, depositing hydraulic fill layers, and driving piles into the seabed to stabilize the new island. Potential advantages of artificial islands include increasing land area for development and preventing flooding. However, reclamation can damage coral reefs and marine life if unsuitable areas are selected.

1. ANUJA NAYAKAGE (08/47)
CHAMIKA MUTHUKUMARANA (08/45)
3ND YEAR.CIVIL

2. Today we will be discussing:
 Problem of the population and land space
 Construction of the artificial island on the ocean
 Advantages & Disadvantages of artificial island

3. PROBLEM OF THE POPULATION & THE
LAND SPACE
 The population problem is
the biggest problem in the
world today .
 Pressure on the region’s are
agricultural lands become
leading to extensive
degradation due to the
poverty of land shortage .

4. THE EARTH PLANET
 Percentage of crustal, About
70% water
30% land
 From 30% land also there are
some barren spaces. Like
mires.
 People motivate to get
benefits from the water areas.

5. SELECTION OF THE SEA AREA
 To get more benefits from
this project we must pay
the attention for the sea
space which having no
coral prosperity
skerry
seaweed
sea vitals
ocean trade routes

6. CONSTRUCTION OF THE ISLAND
 This islands are
constructed technically
artificial peninsulas of
sand dredged from the
bottom of the sea.
 The sand is sprayed by the
dredging ships, which are
guided by GPS, onto the
required area in a process
known as rain bowing.

7. UNDERGROUND CONSTRUCTION & SEA
BED DREDGING
Mean sea level
Sand surcharge
Clay lumps
Inter-lump voids
Filled water
Seabed

8.  Place the material in the
form of lumps, directly
at the reclamation site
 Sand siphoned up from
the ocean floor, being
deposited in one of the
hoppers of the Dredge
Island

9. CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE
 Temporary tube piles driven into
sea bed
 Temporary sheet piles and tie
rods driven into sea bed to
support boundary rocks (see
figure 1)

10.  Permanent boundary rock is
constructed like bunds & it
deposited either side of sheet
piles
 Hydraulic fill layers deposited
between bunds to displace sea
water and form island (see figure
2 with fill layers partially
complete)

11.  Permanent concrete units are
placed around island to protect it
from the waves
 2m diameter 43m deep piles
driven through island into the
below of the sea bed to stabilize
structure (see figure 3)

12.  Island interior excavated and
temporary sheet piles or coffer
dam inserted
 2m thick concrete plug slab laid at
base of island
 Reinforced concrete retaining
wall built
 Basement floors created (see
figure 4)

13. FINALIZED RECLAMATION ISLAND
This island include
 Homes
 Hotels
 Offices
 Agricultural lands

14. ADVANTAGES OF RECLAMATION
 Land reclamation will definitely increase
land area for a certain country
 More lands, more buildings and better
infrastructure can be built
 Can reclaimed lot of lands from flooding

15. DISADVANTAGE OF RECLAMATION
 Land reclamation can be damaging to corals and
marine life due to wrong selection of poor
knowledge of the subject

16. THANK YOU