This document defines and compares different types of computer networks including local area networks (LANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), and wide area networks (WANs). It describes how LANs and WANs have integrated over time through the use of networking devices like bridges, routers, and switches. It also provides an overview of network design considerations and various internet and wireless connectivity options.

1. Internet,LAN/WAN Networking:

2. Learning Objectives Define and identify the different types of networks Describe the history of LANs and WANs Discuss LAN and WAN integration, including the basic functions of bridges, routers, gateways, and switches Describe network protocol integration methods Explain the preparatory steps of network design

3. Computer Network System of computers, print devices, and computer software linked by communications cabling or radio waves Typically classified according to: Reach and complexity Protocols and topologies

4. Network Communication

5. Network Types Defined Local area networks Metropolitan area networks Wide area networks

6. Local Area Network (LAN) Series of interconnected computers, printing devices, and other computer equipment that share hardware and software resources Service area usually limited to a given office area, floor, or building

7. Example of a LAN

8. Metropolitan Area Network Links multiple LANs in a large city or metropolitan region Typically uses fiber-optic connections

9. Example of a MAN

10. Using a LAN In this drive mapping example, a server’s drive C is mapped as drive F by a workstation. After the mapping is complete, the server’s hard disk appears in the workstation’s directory as drive F and can be used just as though it were a drive connected directly to the workstation. CLICK TO START

11. Using a LAN You can allow other network users to view and edit files in the folders you’ve designated as shared

12. Using a LAN The Network Connection tool helps you troubleshoot connection problems

13. Wide Area Network (WAN) Far-reaching system of networks that usually extends over 30 miles and often reaches across states and continents

14. Network Classification Enterprise network Combination of LANs, MANs, or WANs that provides users with an array of computer and network resources to complete different tasks

15. Enterprise Network

16. Identifying a Network Type Communications medium Wire cable, fiber-optic cable, radio waves, microwaves Protocol How networked data is formatted into discrete units How each unit is transmitted and interpreted Topology Physical layout of cable and logical path Network type Private versus public

17. LAN/WAN Integration 1960s-1980s Direct connection to host mainframe using Systems Network Architecture (SNA) communications protocol Networks Allow connections to many devices Enable distributed client/server computing

18. Using SNA to Directly Connect without a Network

19. LAN/WAN Integration Becoming more advanced through networking devices Bridges Routers Gateways Switches

20. Bridges Connect different LANs or LAN segments using the same access method

21. Routers Connect networks having the same or different access methods and media Forward packets and frames to networks by using a decision-making process based on: Routing table data Discovery of most efficient routes Preprogrammed information from network administrator

22. Routers

23. Gateways Enable communications between two different types of networked systems

24. Gateways

25. Switches Link network segments Forward and filter frames between segments

26. Network Classifications

27. Organizational Structure: Client/Server and Peer-to-Peer continued…

28. Network Design Introduction Assess characteristics of the organization that affect network design Types and locations of computers Software applications and resources required Business patterns High and low network use periods Designing to facilitate troubleshooting Type of security required Anticipated growth

29. IP Addresses IP addresses are addresses that identify computers on the Internet Static IP address Dynamic IP address

30. Network Links Wired network Twisted-pair cable Coaxial cable Fiber-optic cable Wireless network RF signals Microwaves Infrared light

31. Internet Protocols TCP and IP serve as the primary protocols responsible for message transmission on the Internet

32. Cable Internet Service Cable modems convert your computer’s signal into one that can travel over the CATV network Always-on connection Neighborhood network

33. Cable Internet Service

34. ISP Infrastructure

35. Wi-Fi WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) encrypts data traveling over wireless networks Equipment required for a wireless network Wi-Fi card Wireless access point Bluetooth is a short-range wireless network technology

36. Wireless Internet Service Direct satellite service (DSS)

37. Wireless Internet Service Fixed wireless Internet service broadcasts RF signals in order to offer Internet access to large areas WiMAX Wireless service providers are usually local or regional businesses

38. LAN Internet Access Cost-effective way to share one Internet connection among several computers To establish LAN Internet access, you need: An operational wired or wireless LAN A router or a hub with router capabilities A high-speed Internet connection, such as DSL, ISDN, or cable Internet A modem that corresponds to your Internet connection type

39. Mobile Internet Access A Wi-Fi hotspot is a wireless broadband Internet service offered in a public location WISP WAP is a communications protocol that provides Internet access from handheld devices

40. Mobile Internet Access Handheld device services include: Short message service (SMS) Multimedia messaging (MMS) Music fingerprinting Games City guides E-mail News, sports, stocks, and weather

41. Mobile Internet Access Cellular service options