L24 RADIOGRAPHIC TEST

1. M.KARTHIKEYAN
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
AAA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, SIVAKASI
karthikeyan@aaacet.ac.in
OML751 TESTING OF MATERIALS

2. UNIT III NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTING
1. Visual inspection
2. Liquid penetrant test
3. Magnetic particle test
4. Thermography test
5. Radiographic test
6. Eddy current test
7. Ultrasonic test
8. Acoustic emission
Principles, Techniques, Methods, Advantages and Limitations,
Applications.

3. RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING
1. Pencil – gamma or X-rays
2. Coin – specimen [Design – defect]
3. Paper – film

6.  Radiographic Testing (RT) is a nondestructive examination
(NDE) technique.
 In this method, either x-rays or gamma rays are used to inspect
the internal structure of a component.
 x-rays - thicknesses less than 50 mm
 gamma rays - thicknesses more than 50 mm
 In the petrochemical industry, RT is often used to inspect
machinery, such as pressure vessels and valves, to detect for
flaws.
 RT is also used to inspect weld repairs.

7. ADVANTAGES
 Radiography can visually display the size and shape of
defects.
 So it is easy to determine the nature of the defect.
 Permanent record of the inspection
 Ability to inspect assembled components
 Minimal surface preparation is required
 Materials with varying density can be inspected
 Adjustable energy level gives high sensitivity
 Fluoroscopy techniques available

8. DISADVANTAGES
 Cost of the equipment and X-ray film is relatively high
 Inspection speed is slow.
 Results are mostly qualitative
 Radiation is harmful to the human body
 Appropriate protective measures are required.
 High degree of skill and experience is required for
interpretation.
 Power source needed

9. APPLICATIONS
 Determination of crack growth
 Detection of both surface and subsurface defects
 Air craft structures
 Structural steel works
 Ship building
 Pressure vessels and boilers
 Cracks
 Porosity
 Inclusions
 Lack of fusion [Weld]
 Incomplete penetration [Weld]

10. • Radiographic inspection use _________
a) Sound waves
b) AC
c) X-rays
d) Visible light
MCQ - 1

11. • The film in radiographic inspection is called __________
a) Plate
b) Radiograph
c) Micrograph
d) X-ray sheet
MCQ - 2

12. • Radiography don’t give ________
a) Thickness of material
b) Hardness
c) Blow holes in casting
d) Pores in weldment
MCQ - 3

13. • ________ produce light area on film.
a) Inclusions
b) Pores
c) Voids
d) Blow holes
MCQ - 4

14. • The amount of absorption of rays depends on the density
and thickness of the material.
a) True
b) False
MCQ - 5

15. PART - A
1. Give the properties of X rays and Gamma rays.
2. Differentiate between film and filmless techniques in
radiography.
PART - B
1. Explain the principles of radiography testing with neat
diagram.
QUESTIONS