This document discusses ultrasonic testing as a type of non-destructive testing. It describes how ultrasonic testing uses high frequency sound energy to examine materials and make measurements. There are two main types of ultrasonic testing: pulse echo and through transmission. Angle beam ultrasonic testing is the most commonly used technique as it can test for flaws that are not oriented parallel to surfaces, such as those found in welds. The document also includes multiple choice questions about ultrasonic testing terms and techniques.

1. M.KARTHIKEYAN
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
AAA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, SIVAKASI
karthikeyan@aaacet.ac.in
OML751 TESTING OF MATERIALS

2. UNIT III NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTING
1. Visual inspection
2. Liquid penetrant test
3. Magnetic particle test
4. Thermography test
5. Radiographic test
6. Eddy current test
7. Ultrasonic test
8. Acoustic emission
Principles, Techniques, Methods, Advantages and Limitations,
Applications.

3. ULTRASONIC TESTING

6. Ultrasonic system uses high frequency sound energy to conduct
examinations and make measurements.
Ultrasonic examinations can be conducted on a wide variety of
material forms including castings, forgings, welds, and
composites.
ELECTRICAL ENERGY
SOUND ENERGY TRANSMIT & RECEIVE
“TRANSDUCER [PIEZOELECTRIC ELEMENT]”

8. TYPES
1. PULSE ECHO METHOD

9. 2. THROUGH TRANSMISSION METHOD

11.  Straight beam techniques can be highly effective at finding
laminar flaws, they are not effective when testing many
common welds, where discontinuities are typically not oriented
parallel to the surface of the part.
 The combination of weld geometry, the orientation of flaws, and
the presence of the weld crown or bead require inspection from
the side of the weld using a beam generated at an angle.
 Angle beam testing is by far the most commonly used technique
in ultrasonic flaw detection.

12. 3. ANGLE BEAM ULTRASONIC TESTING

13. The piezoelectric material in a search unit which vibrates to
produce ultrasonic waves is called:
(a) A backing material
(b) A lucite wedge
(c) A transducer element or crystal
(d) A couplant
MCQ - 1

14. A common use of ultrasonic testing is:
(a) Cleaning
(b) Detecting of sub-surface indications
(c) Determination of the test piece ductility
(d) Communications
MCQ - 2

15. Which of the following circuits converts electrical energy to
ultrasonic energy?
(a) The pulse generator
(b) The transducer
(c) The transformer
(d) The power supply
MCQ - 3

16. In ultrasonic testing, a liquid coupling medium between the crystal
surface and the part surface is necessary because :
(a) Lubricant is required to minimize wear on the crystal surface
(b) An air interface between the crystal surface and the part surface would
almost completely reflect the ultrasonic vibrations
(c) The crystal will not vibrate if placed directly in contact with the
surface of the part being inspected
(d) The liquid is necessary to complete the electrical circuit in the search
unit
MCQ - 4

17. A technique in which two transducers are used, one on each
side of the test piece, is called:
(a) Angle beam testing
(b) Modified immersion testing
(c) Through transmission testing
(d) Twinning
MCQ - 5

18. PART - A
1. Classify the magnetizing techniques?
2. Write down the basic steps in Magnetic Particle testing
procedure?
PART - B
1. With a neat diagram explain about the principle of Magnetic
particle Testing with its advantages and disadvantages. (13
marks)
2. With a neat diagram explain about the magnetisation methods
in order to inspect the materials (15 marks)
QUESTIONS