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The document discusses different types of software programs, how they are developed and obtained, and how operating systems and specific software programs are used for different tasks. It defines what a software program is, how they are created using programming languages, and how the choice of software should depend on the user's needs and budget. It also explains how operating systems facilitate the use of application programs and provides examples of common software types like word processing, spreadsheets, presentations, and specialized programs for industries like education, manufacturing, and healthcare.
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L07 slides
- 1. Lesson 7: Lookingat Software • What software programs are • How software programs are developed • What the operating system is • Which software programs are designed for specific tasks © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 1
- 2. What is aSoftware Program? • Refers to everything that makes computer run • Only functions when loaded into computer’s RAM • Software applications − Created using programming languages to create software code − Algorithms are set of rules designed to complete specific tasks in specific sequences − Specifies how software program identifies input type, and then proper format for output • Software choice should be based on − What you need to accomplish − Degree of detail and features you need − What is most cost-effective © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 2
- 3. Obtaining Software • All retail software programs go through thorough process before being released to public − Perform quality controls on software based on most commonly used tasks • When purchase software program, actually purchasing license to install and use that program on one computer only − On CDs in package that includes booklet with instructions − Download software online where you pay with credit card, and then receive separate e-mails from vendor confirming purchase and providing license number • Organization with large number of users usually purchase network license − One media set contains software and options copied to network folder, and then installed to individual computers − Cost-effective © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 3
- 4. Obtaining Software • Software as a Service (SaaS) or Application Service Provider (ASP) licensing − Access and use software program from your system via network, organization intranet, or Internet using valid ID and password − Once SaaS contract expires, you can no longer access software until you renew • Other methods of distributing or obtaining software include − Shareware are trial version software you download for free, but usually have limited functionality or provide limited amount of time to access program − Freeware programs do not charge fees and are shared with others at no charge − Software can also be “bundled” with computer purchase − Open Source is where programming code available to anyone − Modify program to your needs and then share your version with others but cannot charge for it • Your responsibility to ensure you observe whatever licensing rules apply © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 4
- 5. Upgrading Your Software • Updates or upgrades could be created to address: − Problems with software − Changes in government regulations or other external factors • Known issues should not prevent users from purchasing software • When you register your software license, become entitled to receive notification about updates or upgrades • Users can perform software upgrades, regardless of stand-alone or network computer • Web applications may be upgraded more often to address security issues • Number of organizations, groups, and newsgroups share information about updates, why being provided, and whether you should install them • Can check software vendor’s Web site to find specific updates © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 5
- 6. Choosing an ApplicationProgram • Must have operating system installed before application programs can perform specific function • Important to use appropriate software program to complete tasks • Choose one that best suits your needs; look closely at what you want to accomplish • Many programs offer same features of another type of program − Look closely at what each program does and is it flexible for all you want to do • Consider that your needs may change as time passes • With dedicated programs, should have some fundamental knowledge to use program to its full advantage • May also need software programs that share data with other types of programs © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 6
- 7. Word Processing • Can create, edit, and save documents, change appearance or position of text or pictures, review changes made by others, or remove items no longer needed. • Standard for letters, memos, invoices, faxes, basic Web pages, newsletters, forms, brochures, or flyers © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 7
- 8. Spreadsheets •Perform mathematical calculations, produce “what-if” analyses, and display graphs, charts, and diagrams • File called workbook that can have any number of worksheets or reports © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 8
- 9. Presentations •Create slides with any type of content for presentations • Special effects include animation, slide transitions, and theme designs • Can be broadcast over Internet, to live audience, or as self-running slide show © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 9
- 10. Database Management • Organized collection of related information with following structure: − Fields contain individual pieces of data − Collection of related fields make up record − Collection of records make up table − Multiple tables of related records make up database • Use queries to extract data, generate reports, use forms to access fields within table, set up key fields, and link tables to each other • Can be “behind the scenes” to help find and purchase items on Web site © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 10
- 11. Graphics •Can obtain graphics from different sources, create your own, or customize picture files • Can be grouped with multimedia software programs to create or edit sounds or video • Files must be in specific file formats • Include basic set of tools for drawing shapes, text, painting fill colors or patterns, changing line styles, width, color, or filling in arrowhead styles © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 11
- 12. Multimedia •Add elements such as video, music, or animation • Need to save multimedia files in correct file format • “Multimedia” encompasses any software programs that incorporate graphics, music, or video © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 12
- 13. Education or Entertainment • Programs now designed to entertain and educate people of all ages • Integrate simulation and interaction • Computer-Based Training (CBT) or eLearning − Self-paced learning offered though vendor’s Web site − May have measures built into program to track progress or assess skills − Also available in form of audio or video file that can be downloaded from Web site for use in another media or location • Virtual environments teach crucial skills for dealing with real-life scenarios © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 13
- 14. Utility Tools Antivirus Protects system from viruses that may corrupt Protection files Adware/Spyware Finds and blocks unwanted items from the Protection Internet Disk Compression Frees space to store more files in most accessible area Disk Cleanup Reduces number of temporary files Backup Protection Schedule backups or copies of specific data should computer fail File Compression Reduce size of file for storage purposes or to transfer file from one location to another Widgets/Gadgets Mini-programs that provide quick access to information, services and tools from Internet © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 14
- 15. Accounting or Financial • Accounting programs − Automates tasks performed by bookkeepers and accountants − Need accounting fundamentals to understand all features available in accounting software program • Financial programs − Focus on specialized areas such as small business management, investments, or personal finances • Financial investment programs − Can get from financial institution where you do your banking − Manage financial portfolio on your own or with help of investment advisor © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 15
- 16. Electronic Mail • Referred to as e-mail • Process of sending e-mail similar to manual process for addressing, writing, and mailing hard copy letter • E-mail requires you have e-mail program, correct e-mail address, and Internet connection © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 16
- 17. Web Browsers • Enables you to view Web sites placed online by different companies, organizations, or individuals • Must have Internet connection, and Web browser to enter address of site to visit − Click links on Web site to navigate to different areas of same Web site, another Web site, or enter new Web address to go to new site © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 17
- 18. Messaging •Instant Messaging (IM) − Send text messages using cellular telephone or Internet − Limited - only one “line” of communication can display text submitted by one person at time − Very useful when quick response required − Can include emoticons • Chat room − Need to subscribe to particular group with chat room − Can be included in instant messaging programs or search for Web sites of interest and join their chat rooms − Will be numerous conversations happening at same time although only one line of communication displays at a time © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 18
- 19. Web Page Authoring • Create and design pages for Web site with focus on options important to consider • Do need some fundamentals about Web site design and maintenance • Work in combination with multimedia programs to include entertainment items such as video or pictures © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 19
- 20. Web Conferencing • Similar to traditional conferencing • All participants attend one physical location or are connected via telephone service © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 20
- 21. Computer Aided Design • Use to design objects, or create plans or drafts • Can be used to animate special effects • Designs can be set up in two or three dimensions © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 21
- 22. Project Management • Plan and track tasks for small and large projects using many people or resources • Can then accurately estimate and track start and end dates and important milestones in between • As things change, can make changes to see how timeline or resources affected © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 22
- 23. Group Collaboration • Enables people to share information or coordinate activities, usually within organization although can include external people • Group members go to central spot to view or find information about activities in organization − Can add or modify items for own department or for themselves • Includes tools network administrator can set up to look and feel like company Web site © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 23
- 24. Integrated Suites • Group of programs packaged together for purchase • Programs all integrated or compatible with each other − Data from one program can be used in any other program without difficulty • More cost-effective than purchasing programs individually © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 24
- 25. Specialized or Custom • Any program that targets specific market for certain tasks • Custom programs developed for specific companies with company’s needs as main purpose − May also be used for many tasks in other industries © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 25
- 26. Specialized or Customize Types of Programs Examples of Tasks Schools Taking registration and attendance, completing report cards Sales people/contact Recording sales calls, contacts, purchases, notes management Restaurants Processing food orders, bills, inventory/stock retail stores Purchasing at point of sale, reading bar code financial institutions Processing debit or credit card transactions Internet shopping sites Shopping through eBay, browsing through Yahoo! Manufacturing Producing automobile, specifying lumber sizes Transportation Accessing airline reservation from travel agency, online, or airline counter Scientific, medical, or Doing inspections, tracking patient progress engineering © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 26
- 27. Lesson Summary • What software programs are • How software programs are developed • What the operating system is • Which software programs are designed for specific tasks © CCI Learning Solutions Inc. 27
Editor's Notes
- #14 Pg 43Objective 1-2.2.6Education methods to teach concepts and skills has changed as technology has evolved to enable people to learn things through using tools that match their learning styles. For instance, someone who is more a “doer” and wants to work on their own will benefit from an eLearning product versus an instructor-led course where the pace may be slower.This type of software is often referred to as edutainment as the number of products available for any age group includes an interactivity that often fools the individual into thinking they are playing a game when in fact they are also being educated on a particular topic.Examples of virtual environments would include the Microsoft Flight Simulator game, or any racing games available on game systems such as Xbox that require individuals to apply their thinking skills along with the skills they use to manipulate the game.
- #19 Pg 47Objective 1-2.2.8This is a new objective that has been added due to the popularity of communicating with each other using all different forms of messaging. Briefly discuss what text messaging is if people in the class don’t know what it is, and then discuss how it varies from instant messaging online such as with Windows Live.If you have access to an IM program, you may want to demo this for those who have not done this previously, as well as how to enter emoticons, whether they are text based such as :) or :p, or using those that may come with that IM program.If you have access to a chat room, you may want to display it so students know what it looks like and how there can be multiple conversations happening at the same time. It also then gives them a chance to see why a bit of time is required to become accustomed to knowing how to chat with others.
- #21 Pg 48Objective 1-2.2.8Explain how this is really the same process as teleconferencing with the main difference being that you can present something to an audience regardless of where they may be. Most Web conferencing software enable the presenter to give control to a member of the audience to try something out, making this an excellent tool for training courses.Each program has similar concepts and some will have more advanced features than others, depending on the vendor. For example, all offer a chat area where you can send a message to the host or presenter, or to someone else in the audience.The costs vary as well, with the main costs being in the long distance charges you have to pay for everyone calling in for this conference.
- #22 Pg 49Objective 1-2.2.8The most common program that people may have heard of is AutoCAD. Provide examples of where these programs can be used and others that have similar concepts but may be designed for the end user, such as landscaping for the home, interior design for the home, etc.
- #23 Pg 49Objective 1-2.2.8Before anyone tackles project management software, there are some fundamental information they should understand about project management. This is a topic that generates multiple discussions based on how projects can be managed. There are some standards that must be followed though. If students are interested in this area, encourage them to take the fundamentals course first and then progress to the actual software to apply the knowledge.Be prepared to describe how this program can be helpful and when might it come in handy, e.g., you are moving to a new home and instead of just listing all the things you need to do, you could plot them into this program and see at a glance which items can be done at the same time, and which rely on other people to complete a task before you can proceed.
- #24 Pg 49Objective 1-2.2.8Be prepared to provide examples of what group collaboration means, and if possible, demo a screen that shows how this appears. If your organization uses SharePoint, try activating it to show how this is a central location and how the network administrator can organize items for each department, as well as enable individuals to view or add items.