This document summarizes various techniques for encoding digital and analog signals for transmission, including: 1) Digital signals can be encoded using NRZ-L, NRZ-I, Manchester, and differential Manchester encoding. Encoding schemes involve representing bits as voltage levels or transitions. 2) Analog signals can be digitized using PCM or delta modulation before transmission. PCM involves sampling and quantizing an analog signal into digital pulses. 3) Analog signals can also be modulated by varying the amplitude, frequency, or phase of a carrier signal before transmission. This allows for techniques like frequency division multiplexing.

1. Data and Computer Communications Chapter 5 – Signal Encoding Techniques

2. Signal Encoding Techniques

6. Encoding Schemes

16. Modulation Rate

18. B8ZS and HDB3

20. Modulation Techniques

26. QPSK and OQPSK Modulators

29. QAM Modulator

32. Digitizing Analog Data

34. PCM Example

35. PCM Block Diagram

36. Non-Linear Coding

38. Delta Modulation Example

39. Delta Modulation Operation