The document discusses knowledge management theory and models. It defines knowledge management as the process of acquiring, creating, sharing, and appropriately using knowledge to improve organizational performance. Knowledge management involves people, processes, and technology. Knowledge management systems were initially used to develop intranets and support business process reengineering. The document presents models for classifying knowledge management activities and linking knowledge management to decision making and innovation processes in organizations.

1. IT and Knowledge
Management
M t
Application of Scholarly-Practice-Leadership
(SPL) Model
Dr. Alain Nkoyock
Website:
W b it www.nkoyock.net
k k t
Blog: http://blog.nkoyock.net
Email: alain.nkoyock@yahoo.com
Follow me on LinkedIn, Facebook, and Twitter

2. Knowledge Management Theory
Guided by various perspectives
• Information-processing theory
• Organizational learning theory
• Knowledge creation
• Dynamic capabilities
y p
• Resource-based theory of the firm/competitive advantage
The knowledge-based view of the firm
• Draws upon the resourced-based view
• Considers knowledge as a distinctively unique resource that
should be managed
g
The resource-based view of competitive advantage
• Suggests that organizations with valuable, unique and non-
substitutable resources gain sustainable competitive advantage
and superior performance.

3. Knowledge Management: Definition (1/2)
Process of acquiring knowledge from the organization or
another source and turning it into explicit information that
the employees can use to transform into their own
knowledge allowing them to create and increase
organizational knowledge
Ability to create and manage a culture and structure that
encourages and facilitates the creation, appropriate use, and
sharing of knowledge to improve organizational
performance and effectiveness
Process that involves three elements: people, p
p p , processes, ,
and technology
Process that comprises 9 activity classes:
• 5 primary activities
• 4 secondary activities.

4. Knowledge Management: Definition (2/2)
Five primary classes of activities
• Acquisition
• Selection
• Generation
• Assimilation
• Emission
Four secondary classes of activities
Measurement
Control
C t l
Coordination
Leadership

5. Knowledge Management Chain Model
g g

6. Data, Information, and Knowledge
Knowledge is not data or information
Data is simply raw facts without context
Information is data that comes with context
Knowledge is information that is contextual and relevant
of event, as well as actionable by something like human or
f t ll ti bl b thi lik h
agent
Knowledge is information in action
Information
Data
Knowledge
Knowledge can be: tacit, explicit, and embedded.

7. Knowledge Management, Decision
Making,
Making and Innovation
The optimal use of corporate knowledge assets is a fuel that
drives
dri es a firm’s engine of innovation
inno ation
The knowledge needs of decision makers drive the
knowledge derivation process
Decision makers use online analytical processing (OLAP)
applications (Executive information systems, Expert
systems, Agent-based modeling, Data mining, and Decision
support systems).
Decision Making Phases
g KM Activities Basic Tasks
Acquisition
Intelligence Selection Recognizing a need; Gathering knowledge
Design
Choice Generation Developing alternatives; Choosing an
p g g
alternative
Assimilation
Implementation Emission Putting choice into action; Alerting affected
others about choice

8. KM and Operational Needs
Process workers perform day-to-day operations following
specific business operational needs
These operational systems demand procedural specificity
and support corporate mission-critical processes
Process workers use O li transaction processing (OLTP)
P k Online t ti i
systems /Transaction processing systems (TPS)
Examples of OLTPs: airline customer reservation systems,
online banking systems, financial applications, payroll,
manufacturing, inventory and human resources.

9. Knowledge Management Systems (KMS)
KM involves people, processes, and technology
Technology part of KM design finds its origins in
knowledge-based systems and information systems
KMS was initially used mainly in intranet development and
business process re-engineering (BPR)
(BPR).
Information
Systems &
Knowledge-
based systems
y
People (Tacit,
People
Explicit , &
(Leadership &
Embedded
Management)
Knowledge)
Processes
Core Processes
CP1 CP2 CP3
Value Creation

10. Knowledge Management Systems (KMS)
g g y ( )

11. Thanks
Dr. Alain Nkoyock
Website:
W b it www.nkoyock.net
k k t
Blog: http://blog.nkoyock.net
Email: alain.nkoyock@yahoo.com
Follow me on LinkedIn, Facebook, and Twitter