Cisco CCNA module 2

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This document provides an overview of networking fundamentals, including network history, devices, topologies, protocols, and different types of networks such as LANs, WANs, MANs, and SANs. It also discusses virtual private networks, bandwidth measurements, the OSI model layers, TCP/IP model, encapsulation, and data communication using layers.

Technology Education

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Module 2
Networking Fundamentals

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Objectives

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Data Networks

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Network History

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Network History continued

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Networking Devices

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Network Topology

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Network Protocols

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Local-area Networks (LANs)

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Wide-area Networks (WANs)

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Metropolitan-Area Network (MANs)

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Storage-Area Networks (SANS)

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Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)

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Benefits of VPNs

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Intranet and Extranet VPN

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Importance of Bandwidth

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Bandwidth Pipe Analogy

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Bandwidth Highway Analogy

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Bandwidth Measurements

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Bandwidth Limitations

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Bandwidth Throughput

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Digital Transfer Calculation

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Digital versus Analog

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Using Layers to Analyze Problems

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Using Layers to Describe Data Communication

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OSI Model

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OSI Layers

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OSI Layers
•Provides connectivity and path selection between two host
•Provides Logical address
•No error correction, best effort delivery.

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OSI Layers

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OSI Layers

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OSI Layers

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OSI Layers

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OSI Layers

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Peer-to-Peer Communication

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TCP/IP Model

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Encapsulation

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Names for Data at Each Layer

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Summary

This document covers topics related to networking and connecting to the internet, including requirements for an internet connection, network interface cards, installing modems and NICs, high-speed and dial-up connectivity, TCP/IP configuration, testing connectivity with ping, binary and hexadecimal numbering systems, IP addresses, and network masks. The document contains sections on PC basics, networking fundamentals, and configuring hardware and software to establish an internet connection.

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This chapter discusses point-to-point connections and configuring PPP. It covers serial point-to-point communication fundamentals including HDLC encapsulation. PPP operation is explained, including how LCP and NCP establish and manage connections. The document provides instructions for configuring PPP encapsulation, options like authentication, compression, and multilink. It also includes commands for verifying PPP configuration and troubleshooting connectivity issues.

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This chapter discusses network access and connectivity. It covers the physical layer, including different cabling media like copper, fiber optic and wireless. It then discusses the data link layer, including common standards, frame structure, logical vs physical topologies for LANs and WANs, and different media access control methods. The objectives are to understand device connectivity options, physical and data link layer functions, select appropriate media, and describe common protocols and standards.

This document discusses dynamic routing protocols and contains sections on dynamic routing protocols, RIPv2 configuration, routing tables, and a summary. Some key points include: - Dynamic routing protocols allow routers to automatically learn about remote networks and maintain up-to-date routing information to choose the best path. - RIPv2 is configured on routers to exchange routing information with neighboring routers using various routing protocol messages and algorithms. - Routing tables contain entries for directly connected networks, remote networks learned dynamically, and default routes. IPv4 tables can include ultimate, level 1, and level 2 routes while IPv6 tables contain only ultimate routes. - The routing lookup process uses administrative distances and longest prefix matching to determine the best route

Module 1 Basic Device Configuration.pptx

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The document provides instructions for configuring initial settings on a Cisco switch, including: - Configuring the boot system to specify the IOS image loaded during startup. - Configuring the switch management interface by assigning an IP address to the SVI for a designated management VLAN. - Configuring switch ports by setting the duplex and speed settings, enabling auto-MDIX, and verifying the port configuration and status using commands like show interfaces.

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This chapter discusses configuring a network operating system using Cisco IOS. It covers accessing and navigating the Cisco IOS using the command line interface, setting hostnames and IP addresses, securing device access, and verifying basic network connectivity. Key topics include how to configure a switch hostname, set passwords to limit access, assign IP addresses to devices and interfaces, and use ping and show commands to test connectivity.

CCNA v6.0 ITN - Chapter 02

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The document provides instructions for configuring initial settings on a Cisco network device using Cisco IOS software, including configuring hostnames, limiting access to device configurations through passwords, and saving the running configuration. It describes assigning a unique hostname, securing privileged EXEC mode with the enable secret password, securing the console and virtual terminal lines with passwords and login, and using the service password-encryption command to encrypt passwords.

CCNA v6.0 ITN - Chapter 07

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The document provides instructor materials for a chapter on IP addressing in CCNA Routing and Switching. It covers IPv4 and IPv6 network addresses, including binary and decimal conversion, address structures, types of IPv4 addresses such as unicast, broadcast and multicast, and public vs private IP addresses. It also describes how to verify network connectivity using ICMP ping and traceroute utilities.

Cisco Connect Toronto 2018 DNA automation-the evolution to intent-based net...

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WPA-3: SEA and Dragonfly

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WPA-3 improves upon WPA-2 in several ways. It replaces the 4-way handshake of WPA-2 with Simultaneous Authentication of Equals (SAE) defined in IEEE 802.11s. For enterprise networks, it integrates backend authentication using Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman key exchange and Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm with a 384-bit elliptic curve. It also introduces the ability to share Wi-Fi credentials through QR codes. WPA-3 aims to address weaknesses in WPA-2 like offline dictionary attacks of captured handshakes by moving to zero-knowledge authentication methods.

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This document discusses VLANs and trunking. It covers VLAN segmentation and implementation, including assigning ports to VLANs, configuring trunk ports, and troubleshooting VLAN and trunking issues. It also addresses VLAN security concerns like spoofing attacks and mitigation techniques like private VLANs. The document provides best practices for VLAN design such as separating management and user traffic into different VLANs.

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This document discusses dynamic routing protocols and provides an overview of how they operate. It explains that dynamic routing protocols automatically share information about remote networks to determine the best path. The document compares static and dynamic routing, and outlines the basic process by which routers using dynamic routing protocols like RIP discover networks, exchange routing information, and update their routing tables. Objectives of the chapter are also listed, such as explaining dynamic routing operation and configuring RIP and OSPF protocols.

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This document provides an overview of network protocols and communication. It discusses how rules and protocols govern communication and facilitate the exchange of information across networks. Standards organizations help establish common protocols to ensure interoperability. The document also examines how data is encapsulated and transferred across network layers using protocols like TCP/IP. Local devices access resources by using network and data link layer addresses.

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This document provides an overview of Cisco Packet Tracer, a networking simulation software. It describes Packet Tracer as a comprehensive teaching and learning tool that offers realistic network simulation, visualization, assessment authoring and multi-user collaboration capabilities. The document outlines key features of Packet Tracer including its simulation environment, activity wizard for creating assessments, and multi-user functionality. It also summarizes new features introduced in version 5.3 and the benefits of Packet Tracer for both instructors and students in teaching and learning networking concepts.

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The document discusses Cisco CCNA topics including the OSI and TCP/IP models, Cisco IOS, IPv4 addressing, subnetting, and password recovery procedures. It provides details on each layer of the OSI and TCP/IP models, components of a Cisco router like ROM, RAM, NVRAM, and flash memory. It also covers Cisco IOS boot commands, router modes, and cursor commands. The document also explains IPv4 addressing fundamentals like address classes, private addressing, subnet masks, CIDR notation, and provides examples of converting between binary and decimal. Finally, it discusses subnetting concepts and provides examples of determining subnet masks and number of subnets based on given host or subnet requirements

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The document provides an overview of Cisco's CCNA certification options and networking concepts including the OSI model. It discusses that Cisco offers a single exam or two exam option for CCNA certification. It then defines the OSI model layers and their purposes, with a focus on the lower layers including physical, data link and network layers. Sample exam questions are also provided related to the OSI model and protocols.

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