This presentation was given by Dr Aleksandra Kazmierczak on the 20th June 2012.
The aim of the presentation was to discuss the vulnerability of urban communities to climate change risks in Greater Manchester.
Find out more about NCVO: http://www.ncvo.org.uk
A simple powerpoint, that explains what the general trend in rain patterns is and its implications on humans. Also what solutions can be used to counter the implications.
Now a days climate is rapidly changing. Its' effect on Bangladesh is described in this document. Mainly focused on the sea level rise of Bangladesh. Hope many will get idea about this.
Thanks to all.
The effect of associated water on the environmentwedad ali
Associated water is any water that is present in a reservoir with the hydrocarbon resource
which is produced to the surface with the crude oil or natural gas.
EN - Alternative use of water in the upstream and downstream oil&gas industry Degrémont Industry
Degrémont Industry will attend at the Society of Petroleum Engineers workshop on « Integrated Water Management in the upstream and downstream Oil & Gas industry» December 3-5 in Lisbon (Portugal). This fifth workshop held between European and Asia-Pacific locations since 2008 will draw attendees from all the major oil and gas producing regions around the globe and will explore how our understanding of the technologies for integrated water management can improve greenfield projects. Bertrand Garnier, our Technical & New Offers Director will speak about the alternative use of water facing water scarcity, stricts regulations and costs optimisation…
This presentation was given by Dr Aleksandra Kazmierczak on the 20th June 2012.
The aim of the presentation was to discuss the vulnerability of urban communities to climate change risks in Greater Manchester.
Find out more about NCVO: http://www.ncvo.org.uk
A simple powerpoint, that explains what the general trend in rain patterns is and its implications on humans. Also what solutions can be used to counter the implications.
Now a days climate is rapidly changing. Its' effect on Bangladesh is described in this document. Mainly focused on the sea level rise of Bangladesh. Hope many will get idea about this.
Thanks to all.
The effect of associated water on the environmentwedad ali
Associated water is any water that is present in a reservoir with the hydrocarbon resource
which is produced to the surface with the crude oil or natural gas.
EN - Alternative use of water in the upstream and downstream oil&gas industry Degrémont Industry
Degrémont Industry will attend at the Society of Petroleum Engineers workshop on « Integrated Water Management in the upstream and downstream Oil & Gas industry» December 3-5 in Lisbon (Portugal). This fifth workshop held between European and Asia-Pacific locations since 2008 will draw attendees from all the major oil and gas producing regions around the globe and will explore how our understanding of the technologies for integrated water management can improve greenfield projects. Bertrand Garnier, our Technical & New Offers Director will speak about the alternative use of water facing water scarcity, stricts regulations and costs optimisation…
Far more to cover than can be covered on this topic. This was created for a Rockingham County, NC presentation on fracking. Adjust and amend according to your area. Contact me if you require further references.
CONSEQUENCES OF OUR ACCUMULATED ENVIRONMENTAL VIOLATIONS
Tony OPOSA
In the Laws of
Nature,
There is no right nor
wrong,
There are no rewards
nor punishments;
There are only
consequences.
Global Warming is primarily about water and energy, and follows the Law of Conservation of Matter and Energy. Creating hurricanes, floods, tornadoes, droughts, blizzards and water shortages.
Why Michigan floods so much, and how it can be solved.
---
Michigan floods quite a lot, which isn't suprising considering the abundance of bodies of water there. But this problem had become more common and more destructive as of late. Why has this happened, and how can it be fixed without reversing global warming as a whole?
---
If you are going to cite this, do not include an author. If there has to be a name just put "Anonymous".
Presentation given by Robert Glennon Author and Morris K. Udall Professor of Law and Public Policy, University of Arizona at the Session: "Unquenchable: America's Water Crisis and What To Do About It" at the Great Valley Center's Sacramento Valley Forum on October 28, 2009 in Chico, CA.
John Holdren on Climate Change Challenge 2018 02-15Vincent Everts
In Nantucket I attended an amazing and scary presentation by John Holdren on Climate Change. John Paul Holdren was the senior advisor to President Barack Obama on science and technology issues through his roles as Assistant to the President for Science and Technology, Director of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, and Co-Chair of the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST).
Holdren was previously the Teresa and John Heinz Professor of Environmental Policy at the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University, director of the Science, Technology, and Public Policy Program at the School's Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, and Director of the Woods Hole Research Center.
Mission: Magazine, Issue #6 - The Magazine that Addresses Critical Water IssuesXylem Inc.
Mission: Water is a complimentary magazine featuring the world's most current water issues and how people, like you, are tackling these ever-important challenges. Our mission is to share inspirational stories of determination, curiosity and discovery – and how great advancements are being made to better understand and protect our vital water resources.
This issue includes flood protection, harmful algal blooms, and red tide monitoring.
https://www.ysi.com/mission-water
Similar to Produced Water | Keynote lunch - John Tintera (19)
On April 4, 2016, the Atlantic Council’s Eurasian Energy Futures Initiative launched a report, Securing Ukraine’s Energy Sector, authored by Dinu Patriciu Eurasia Center’s Resident Senior Fellow, Anders Åslund.
It is the core purpose of the Atlantic Council to foster bipartisan support for policies that promote the security of the United States and the transatlantic community. The signatories of this piece have either served in Afghanistan, been involved in the formation of US policy in government, or otherwise devoted considerable time to Afghan affairs. They have come together to register a broad, bipartisan consensus in support of certain principles that they believe should guide policy formation and decision-making on Afghanistan during the remainder of the Obama administration and the first year of a new administration, of whichever party. It is critical that the current administration prepare the path for the next. A new president will come into office facing a wave of instability in the Islamic world and the threat from violent extremism, which stretches from Asia through the Middle East to Africa. This will continue to pose a considerable challenge and danger to American interests abroad, and to the homeland. The signatories support the continued US engagement required to protect American interests and increase the possibilities for Afghan success.
Crude Oil for Natural Gas: Prospects for Iran-Saudi Reconciliationatlanticcouncil
Despite the sectarian barbs traded between Saudi Arabia and Iran, Iran's unique ability to meet the kingdom's fast growing demand for electricity may help spur a reconciliation, according to the Atlantic Council's Jean-François Seznec. In his report Crude Oil for Natural Gas: Prospects for Iran-Saudi Reconciliation, Seznec argues that the two dominant energy producers do not necessarily need to see their energy production as competition.
Saudi Arabia's currently fuels its stunning 8 percent annual rise in demand for electricity with precious crude oil due to little low cost domestic natural dry gas reserves. Iran's vast gas reserves could be used to meet the kingdom's growing needs, but after decades of punishing sanctions its dilapidated gas fields need an estimated $250 billion in repairs. If Saudi Arabia used its investment power or buying power to help revitalize Iran's gas industry, it would both secure the energy it needs to meet its citizens' demands and free up its crude oil for export. While the sectarian rhetoric hurled back and forth may seem unstoppable and the timeline for reconciliation may be long, Seznec contends that both sides are rational at heart and highlights that that the benefit of economic cooperation on energy issues could open up better relations on a range of issues.
The Norwegian Nobel Committee awarded the Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet, a civil society group comprising the Tunisian General Labor Union; the Tunisian Union of Industry, Trade, and Handicrafts; the Tunisian Human Rights League; and the Tunisian Order of Lawyers the 2015 Nobel Peace Prize on Friday, October 9, 2015 "for its decisive contribution to the building of a pluralistic democracy in Tunisia." In a new Atlantic Council Issue Brief, "Tunisia: The Last Arab Spring Country," Atlantic Council Rafik Hariri Center for the Middle East Senior Fellows Mohsin Khan and Karim Mezran survey the successes of Tunisia's consensus-based transition and the challenges that lie ahead.
"The decision to award this year's Nobel Peace Prize to Tunisia's National Dialogue Quartet is an extremely important recognition of the efforts made by Tunisian civil society and Tunisia's political elite to reach a consensus on keeping the country firmly on the path to democratization and transition to a pluralist system," says Mezran. With the overthrow of the authoritarian regime of President Zine El Abedine Ben Ali in 2011, Tunisia embarked on a process of democratization widely regarded as an example for transitions in the region. The National Dialogue Conference facilitated by the Quartet helped Tunisia avert the risk of plunging into civil war and paved the way for a consensus agreement on Tunisia's new constitution, adopted in January 2014.
In the brief, the authors warn that despite political successes, Tunisia is hampered by the absence of economic reforms. Facing the loss of tourism and investment following two terror attacks, Tunisia's economy risks collapse, endangering all of the painstaking political progress gained thus far. Unless the Tunisian government moves rapidly to turn the economy around, Tunisia risks unraveling its fragile transition.
Foreign Policy for an Urban World: Global Governance and the Rise of Citiesatlanticcouncil
In the latest FutureScape issue brief from the Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security's Strategic Foresight Initiative, author Peter Engelke discusses the long-term economic, environmental, and policy implications of urbanization. Entitled "Foreign Policy for an Urban World: Global Governance and the Rise of Cities," the brief examines how urbanization is hastening the global diffusion of power and how cities themselves are increasingly important nodes of power in global politics.
Cyber 9/12 Student Challenge General Informationatlanticcouncil
In Washington, DC, student teams confront a serious
cybersecurity breach of national and international importance.
Teams will compose policy recommendations
and justify their decision-making process, considering
the role and implications for relevant civilian,
military, law enforcement, and private sector entities
and updating the recommendations as the scenario
evolves.
In Geneva, Switzerland, in
partnership with the Geneva
Centre for Security
Policy (GCSP), students
respond to a major cyberattack
on European networks. Competitors will provide
recommendations balancing individual national
approaches and a collective crisis management response,
considering capabilities, policies, and governance
structures of NATO, EU, and individual nations.
The competition fosters a culture of cooperation and
a better understanding of these organizations and
their member states in responding to cyberattacks.
Toward a Sustainable Peace in the South China Seaatlanticcouncil
The South China Sea (SCS) has been, and remains, an area rife with tension. Disputes among SCS states stem from unresolved issues relating to sovereignty, exclusive economic zones, natural resources, and acceptable uses of the military. In the past two decades, fishing boats have been detained or damaged, fishermen and sailors arrested or killed, and artificial islands constructed for military purposes. These years of strife have led to the current SCS state of play: it is a vitally important region where competition is high and trust is low.
This issue brief argues that SCS countries need to work toward a "mutual confidence" and "mutual dependence" end state. In particular, the paper focuses on sharing meteorological data to support humanitarian assistance and disaster relief operations, including search and rescue operations, foreign disaster relief goods delivery, and medical care. A mutual confidence/mutual dependence relationship between two SCS states would help mitigate regional conflicts or disputes, which in turn can help lead to a more peaceful region.
On May 20-21, 2015, European leaders will gather for the Eastern Partnership summit in Riga, Latvia, to discuss the future of Europe’s East. Given the extreme challenges faced by the countries of the Eastern Partnership (EaP) since the last summit, in Vilnius, Lithuania in 2013, and the cooling of EU relations with several of the Eastern Partners, the upcoming meeting will surely pose tough questions for the future of the entire eastern framework.
At the same time, the Riga summit also presents an historic opportunity to put back on track a process that held significant promise at its inception but which has been slow to respond to crises and a low priority on the agenda for EU member states. In A Transatlantic Approach to Europe’s East: Relaunching the Eastern Partnership, Burwell examines the need for a closer and more integrated relationship between the European Union and the key countries of the EaP. Burwell argues that the Riga summit offers a key chance for Europe to both confront the challenges to its East, and to launch a new Transatlantic Partnership for Wider Europe in close cooperation with the United States. Failure to relaunch the EaP framework, by identifying the factors that make these countries vulnerable and designing strategies to overcome these specific weaknesses, will have dire consequences for the prosperity and security of the entire region.
President Barack Obama's summit meeting with Gulf leaders at Camp David on May 14 will end in failure if the administration does not propose a substantial upgrade in US-Gulf security relations that is as bold and strategically significant as the nuclear agreement–and likely formal deal–with Iran.
While the summit will not suddenly eliminate mistrust and resolve all differences, it presents an historic opportunity to put back on track a decades-old US-Gulf partnership that has served both sides and the region well, yet lately has experienced deep turbulence. Failure to strengthen these ties will have consequences, the most dramatic of which could be the acceleration of the regional order's collapse.
In a March 2015 Atlantic Council report entitled Artful Balance: Future US Defense Strategy and Force Posture in the Gulf, we made the case for a mutual defense treaty between the United States and willing Arab Gulf partners. In this issue in focus, we offer a more comprehensive and detailed assessment of the risks, concerns, benefits, and opportunities that would be inherent in such a treaty. We recommend a gradualist approach for significantly upgrading US-Gulf security relations that effectively reduces the risks and maximizes the benefits of more formal US security commitments to willing Arab Gulf states.
The solutions for socioeconomic development are no longer only in the public sector. Latin America has changed dramatically over the last decade, and the private sector can play an increasingly important role in the region’s progress. That’s where social impact investing comes in—a way that investors can make money while doing social good.
The White House has appointed a social innovation czar and the Inter-American Development Bank is doing work every day in this expanding arena. Is social impact investing one of the keys that will finally unlock the region’s intractable inequality?
In this new Latin America Center analysis, released today, Adrienne Arsht Center Senior Non-Resident Fellow Gabriel Zinny dissects how businesses, governments, and multilateral institutions can better provide goods and services to the underserved while making money.
Read this and key recommendations for accelerating the sector here:
• Formalize it. A clear, market-based legal system enforced by a solid judiciary branch is fundamental to attracting impact investments.
• Seed it. Governments should subsidize a measure of the often-lacking venture-stage capital for projects, especially when the entrepreneurs come from less-affluent communities.
• Decentralize it. Local governments should be viewed as public sector partners as they often have more flexibility to spur private social enterprise.
• Read more here…
If ever a turning point seemed inevitable in Pakistan’s militia policy, it was in the aftermath of the Peshawar school massacre in December 2014. Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) killed 152 people, 133 of them children, in the bloodiest terrorist attack in Pakistan’s history. The carnage sparked an unprecedented national dialogue about the costs and contradictions of the Pakistani political and military establishment’s reliance on violent proxies, such as the Afghan Taliban (from which the TTP originates), for security.
Why does Pakistan continue to differentiate between “good” and “bad” militias in the face of the Peshawar massacre? What are the costs of playing the good-bad militia game? What can be done to end Pakistan’s dependency on armed nonstate groups? In “Reimagining Pakistan’s Militia Policy,” Visiting Assistant Professor of Government at Skidmore College and US-Pakistan Exchange Program Fellow at the Atlantic Council’s South Asia Center, argues that Pakistan’s unwillingness to crack down on all terrorist groups is more a product of cold calculation than ideological shortsightedness. Understanding Pakistan’s close relationship with militias requires recognizing the strategic logic through which many states outsource violence.
The Atlantic Council, in partnership with NATO Allied Command Transformation (ACT), held the 4th annual Young Professionals Day (YP Day) in Washington, DC, on March 24. The event featured a full-day, outcome-oriented, strategic design thinking exercise with sixty young professionals representing twenty-four of NATO's twenty-eight member nations. Delegates collaborated to produce a list of creative solutions to pressing challenges NATO faces, ranging from how to address hybrid warfare and threats on NATO's southern flank, to how NATO can encourage innovation and deliver on the promises from the 2014 Wales Summit.
The NATO Young Professionals Day Report includes detailed descriptions of the top fifteen recommendations produced by delegates. Delegates' recommendations included creative and out-of-the box concepts, such as the creation of an "Innovation CEO" position within NATO with substantial powers to experiment with new policies. The group also suggested developing a dramatized HBO style series about the history of NATO to increase public awareness and improve the alliance's public approval; fostering partnerships with venture capital and the defense industry to develop new technologies and create common standards; and the deployment of an elite, rapid response force in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region that includes personnel from NATO partner countries in the south, to leverage local expertise. Details on these recommendations and more can be found in the full report available online here:
Defeating the Jihadists in Syria: Competition before Confrontationatlanticcouncil
Since August 2014, the US-led air campaign against the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS) has successfully inflicted casualties on ISIS and weakened its oil revenues. However, the same efforts have also accelerated the rise of the Nusra Front, an al-Qaeda affiliate, and the near-collapse of nationalist rebel forces.
In "Defeating the Jihadists in Syria: Competition before Confrontation," Faysal Itani of the Atlantic Council's Rafik Hariri Center for the Middle East details the unintended consequences of the coalition air campaign and proposes a revised US strategy. He argues that the United States can effectively assist nationalist insurgents to defeat ISIS and the Nusra Front by enabling them to compete with and contain these groups before ultimately confronting them.
Itani writes that the US-led campaign thus far and the train-and-equip initiative set to begin next month undermine and weaken nationalist rebel forces. He criticizes these efforts for failing to provide sufficient support to the rebel forces, while directing them to target ISIS instead of the regime. Meanwhile, the Nusra Front and other jihadist organizations have greater resources and have been effective in targeting the Assad regime. As such, nationalist rebel forces and local populations have increasingly aligned with the Nusra Front and even tolerate ISIS in order to protect themselves against regime violence, criminality, and chaos.
Itani's proposed US strategy offers a practical and workable response to the rise of jihadists groups in Syria; this revised strategy seeks to support rebel forces to compete with the Nusra Front for popular support and to take control of the insurgency, contain ISIS, and build capacity for an eventual offensive against the jihadists. This approach will build on positive results in southern Syria by significantly increasing direct financial and material support and training for vetted nationalist groups that have already shown significant success. Simultaneously, in the north the campaign can provide sufficient material support to nationalist forces while expanding coalition air strikes to target ISIS's frontlines, allowing the nationalist insurgency to defend and govern territory. Only once nationalist insurgent forces have successfully competed with the Nusra Front and contained ISIS can they confront and ultimately defeat the jihadist groups in Syria.
Dynamic Stability: US Strategy for a World in Transitionatlanticcouncil
We have entered a new era in world history, a post-post-Cold War era that holds both great promise and great peril for the United States, its allies, and everyone else. We now can call this a "Westphalian-Plus" world, in which nation-states will have to engage on two distinct levels: dealing with other nation-states as before, and dealing with a vast array of important nonstate actors. This era calls for a new approach to national strategy called "dynamic stability."
The authors of this paper—Atlantic Council Vice President and Scowcroft Center Director Barry Pavel and Senior Fellow Peter Engelke, with the help of Assistant Director Alex Ward—kick off the Atlantic Council Strategy Paper series by telling the United States to seek stability while leveraging dynamic trends at the same time. The central task facing America is "to harness change in order to save the system," meaning the preservation of the rules-based international order that has benefited billions around the world, including Americans themselves, since 1945. Within its pages, the paper outlines the components of strategy in a swiftly-changing world.
Setting the Stage for Peace in Syria: The Case for a Syrian National Stabiliz...atlanticcouncil
In Setting the Stage for Peace in Syria: The Case for a Syrian National Stabilization Force, Frederic C. Hof of the Atlantic Council’s Rafik Hariri Center for the Middle East, Bassma Kodmani of the Arab Reform Initiative, and Jeffrey White of the Washington Institute, present a new way forward—a sort of train-and-equip on steroids—the Syrian National Stabilization Force (SNSF).
Mexico's historic energy reforms continue to hold exciting promise for the country, achieving the requisite constitutional and implementing legislation over the last fifteen months. The global oil price climate, however, has prompted a few mid-course corrections to the rollout of the reforms. For Mexico to continue to attract excitement for its energy sector, the government will need to maintain a degree of flexibility while holding true to the principles of the reforms.
Places like Singapore, Boston, Bangalore, Pittsburgh, Silicon Valley, and others are known as leaders in innovation, but when it comes to building the knowledge economy, the Gulf has become one of the most ambitious regions in the world.
A decade ago, the consensus from outside the region was that Middle Eastern countries, including those in the Gulf, were a long way from developing knowledge economies— defined as economies that combine advanced research and development, entrepreneurialism, and creative thinking into innovative, wealth-generating enterprises. Fast-forward to 2015, and many Arab Gulf countries have become well known for their attempts at building knowledge economies, for instance through innovation clusters such as Abu Dhabi's Masdar City, Dubai's TechnoPark, Qatar's Science and Technology Park, and Saudi Arabia's King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. Through these and other efforts, Gulf countries have invested billions of dollars in dozens of initiatives to co-locate the sources of innovation—research labs, venture capital, entrepreneurs, high-technology companies, and educational institutions, in hopes of building globally renowned knowledge economies.
In Brainstorming the Gulf: Innovation and the Knowledge Economy in the GCC, the report's author, Peter Engelke, Senior Fellow for the Strategic Foresight Initiative in the Atlantic Council's Brent Scowcroft Center on International Security, highlights the successes that Gulf states have enjoyed to date and addresses the major hurdles to sustaining and expanding these successes. While all signs point to the staying power of Arab Gulf leadership's long-term commitment to the knowledge economy, the harder part will be sustaining the knowledge economy's soft infrastructure—the dimension of entrepreneurial culture involving creativity, expression, inclusion, disruption, and borrowing from global cultural flows. If talented people are at the core of the innovation process, government policy in the Gulf ought to focus as much on the creation of dynamic and livable places in order to attract and retain the best talent from all over the world. As Arab Gulf states have already discovered, this pathway is disruptive, bringing with it significant social consequences.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Produced Water | Keynote lunch - John Tintera
1. Produced Water: Boiling Down
The Issues
Sebree & Tintera, LLC.
1611 West Ave,
Austin, Texas 78701
Suite 300
John Tintera P.G. #325
johnjamestintera@gmail.com
2. Conundrum: A paradoxical,
insoluble, or difficult problem; a dilemma
How do you determine the Cost vs.
Benefit ...
When the Perception and Facts are in
dispute?
3. Perception vs Fact
Let’s look at the Perception, or
Conventional Wisdom of the main
three groups regarding PW:
Public
Industry
Regulators
12. Texas Production
400,000,000 BO per year
8 TCF Gas per year
450,000 existing wellbores
Over 1,000,000 wells drilled since early
1900’s.
20,000 directional wells hydrofractured
No “proven” groundwater
contamination from hydrofracturing
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18. PW: The Issues & Arguments
Science – Legal - Policy
Hydrologic Cycle/Climate Change
Infrastructure
Seismic Risk
Sinkholes and subsidence
Cleanup/Toxicity
Eminent Domain
State vs. Federal vs. Local Authority
RCRA and the Regulatory Framework
Surface Estate vs. Mineral Ownership
Over -regulation vs. Under- regulation
Politics
19. Hydrologic Cycle
Perception: once fresh water is converted to frac fluid, flowed back as produced water,
and disposed of, it is gone forever.
23. Sinkholes and Subsidence
perception: removing fluids like produced water from under the
ground causes subsidence, pumping fluids back underground
causes sinkholes
31. 1 + 2 = 3
If you don’t solve #1 (surface vs. mineral, or “who
benefits?”),
And you can’t solve #2 (the “over-under” of good
regulation),
You get problem #3 (political problems that require a
political solution).
32.
33.
34. Produced Water: Boiling Down
The Issues
Sebree & Tintera, LLC.
1611 West Ave,
Austin, Texas 78701
Suite 300
John Tintera P.G. #325
johnjamestintera@gmail.com