This document provides information to paramedic students about responding to major incidents at West Midlands Ambulance Service (WMAS). It discusses the purpose of major incident training and examples of past incidents in the WMAS area. It outlines the roles and responsibilities of different emergency services at an incident. It also covers topics like triage, decontamination, civil disorder response, health and safety considerations for rail and helicopter incidents, and the specialized resources available to WMAS for mass casualty response. Confidential information is also discussed that should not be shared outside of those who need to know operationally.
The document outlines regulatory requirements and best practices for spill prevention, control, and emergency response. It discusses using proper containers and storage, training, and secondary containment to prevent spills. Emergency response plans should establish personnel roles, communication, and procedures for evacuation, decontamination, and medical treatment. The spill response leader is responsible for overall command and coordination with authorities, and must be clearly designated in the written plan. Post-incident evaluation includes determining the cause and lessons learned.
This document discusses considerations for airport emergency plans including defining primary and secondary response, identifying resources and agencies involved, addressing different types of accidents and incidents, and the importance of training. An effective airport emergency plan accounts for the unique characteristics of each airport and coordinates all responding entities.
The document discusses the ALARP (As Low As Reasonably Practicable) principle for reducing safety risks. ALARP requires that risks are reduced to a level that is as low as reasonably possible, between unacceptably high risk and negligible risk. Further risk reduction measures in the ALARP region should be considered to drive residual risk down. The ALARP level is reached when further risk reduction becomes disproportionately costly compared to the risk reduction benefit. The key to a convincing ALARP assessment is documented consideration of alternative improvement options at each project phase to reach a balanced, defensible decision about managing risk.
TEMS - Tactical Emergency Medical ServicesscanFOAM
A talk by Peter Anthony Berlac at the 2017 meeting of the Scandinavian Society of Anaestesiology and Intensive Care Medicine.
All available content from SSAI2017: https://scanfoam.org/ssai2017/
Delivered in collaboration between scanFOAM, SSAI & SFAI.
This document provides an overview of emergency preparedness, workplace safety, accident investigation and analysis, and HACCP concepts. It discusses the importance of emergency planning, proactive safety programs, investigating the root causes of accidents rather than blame, and identifying risk factors. Accident investigation involves reporting, first aid, investigating causes, corrective actions, and evaluation. Causation models examine factors like tasks, materials, environment, personnel and management. Risk is measured by incident rates and severity. Hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) is a systematic approach to food safety that focuses on preventing hazards.
Role of Emergency Physicians During CBRNE Attack - The Malaysian ContextChew Keng Sheng
This document discusses the role of emergency physicians in responding to CBRNE (chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive) attacks. It begins by defining key terms like disaster, mass casualty incidents, and terrorism. It then reviews lessons learned from past terrorist attacks involving weapons of mass destruction. Early detection of biological attacks can be aided by syndromic surveillance of emergency department visits. The document outlines recommended preparedness criteria for emergency departments. Finally, it describes the "seven Ds" that define an emergency physician's role in disaster response: detection, declaration, defense, decontamination, delegation, drugs, and disposition.
The document discusses patient assessment for emergency medical responders. It covers performing a scene size-up to ensure safety and identify hazards. The primary assessment involves evaluating a patient's level of consciousness, airway, breathing, and circulation to identify life threats. A medical history is then obtained. The secondary assessment is a more thorough examination of all body systems to locate and treat non-life threatening injuries or illnesses. Vital signs including respiration, pulse, and capillary refill are assessed. Reassessment of the patient periodically is also recommended.
The document outlines the history and development of Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS). It describes the initial assessment process for trauma patients, including the primary and secondary surveys, with a focus on identifying and treating life-threatening injuries immediately. Specific types of injuries are discussed such as head trauma, thoracic trauma, abdominal/pelvic trauma. The goal of ATLS is to provide a standardized approach to trauma care through systematic assessment and simultaneous resuscitation to reduce mortality from traumatic injuries.
The document outlines regulatory requirements and best practices for spill prevention, control, and emergency response. It discusses using proper containers and storage, training, and secondary containment to prevent spills. Emergency response plans should establish personnel roles, communication, and procedures for evacuation, decontamination, and medical treatment. The spill response leader is responsible for overall command and coordination with authorities, and must be clearly designated in the written plan. Post-incident evaluation includes determining the cause and lessons learned.
This document discusses considerations for airport emergency plans including defining primary and secondary response, identifying resources and agencies involved, addressing different types of accidents and incidents, and the importance of training. An effective airport emergency plan accounts for the unique characteristics of each airport and coordinates all responding entities.
The document discusses the ALARP (As Low As Reasonably Practicable) principle for reducing safety risks. ALARP requires that risks are reduced to a level that is as low as reasonably possible, between unacceptably high risk and negligible risk. Further risk reduction measures in the ALARP region should be considered to drive residual risk down. The ALARP level is reached when further risk reduction becomes disproportionately costly compared to the risk reduction benefit. The key to a convincing ALARP assessment is documented consideration of alternative improvement options at each project phase to reach a balanced, defensible decision about managing risk.
TEMS - Tactical Emergency Medical ServicesscanFOAM
A talk by Peter Anthony Berlac at the 2017 meeting of the Scandinavian Society of Anaestesiology and Intensive Care Medicine.
All available content from SSAI2017: https://scanfoam.org/ssai2017/
Delivered in collaboration between scanFOAM, SSAI & SFAI.
This document provides an overview of emergency preparedness, workplace safety, accident investigation and analysis, and HACCP concepts. It discusses the importance of emergency planning, proactive safety programs, investigating the root causes of accidents rather than blame, and identifying risk factors. Accident investigation involves reporting, first aid, investigating causes, corrective actions, and evaluation. Causation models examine factors like tasks, materials, environment, personnel and management. Risk is measured by incident rates and severity. Hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) is a systematic approach to food safety that focuses on preventing hazards.
Role of Emergency Physicians During CBRNE Attack - The Malaysian ContextChew Keng Sheng
This document discusses the role of emergency physicians in responding to CBRNE (chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive) attacks. It begins by defining key terms like disaster, mass casualty incidents, and terrorism. It then reviews lessons learned from past terrorist attacks involving weapons of mass destruction. Early detection of biological attacks can be aided by syndromic surveillance of emergency department visits. The document outlines recommended preparedness criteria for emergency departments. Finally, it describes the "seven Ds" that define an emergency physician's role in disaster response: detection, declaration, defense, decontamination, delegation, drugs, and disposition.
The document discusses patient assessment for emergency medical responders. It covers performing a scene size-up to ensure safety and identify hazards. The primary assessment involves evaluating a patient's level of consciousness, airway, breathing, and circulation to identify life threats. A medical history is then obtained. The secondary assessment is a more thorough examination of all body systems to locate and treat non-life threatening injuries or illnesses. Vital signs including respiration, pulse, and capillary refill are assessed. Reassessment of the patient periodically is also recommended.
The document outlines the history and development of Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS). It describes the initial assessment process for trauma patients, including the primary and secondary surveys, with a focus on identifying and treating life-threatening injuries immediately. Specific types of injuries are discussed such as head trauma, thoracic trauma, abdominal/pelvic trauma. The goal of ATLS is to provide a standardized approach to trauma care through systematic assessment and simultaneous resuscitation to reduce mortality from traumatic injuries.
The document summarizes the concept of the "Golden Hour" in trauma care and reviews literature to support and refute its importance. The "Golden Hour" refers to the hour following injury being critical for treatment to prevent further damage and maximize survival chances. While its origin is attributed to Dr. R. Adams Cowley, several studies found little evidence supporting a strict one hour timeframe. Later studies indicate factors like injury severity score and response times under 5 minutes improved outcomes more than the specific "Golden Hour". Faster transport during this period may also increase risks to patients and emergency workers due to greater chances of accidents. In conclusion, rapid treatment remains important but the literature shows survival is dependent on multiple clinical factors rather than only time to definitive
5 IATA Guidance on electronic cigarettes new up dateMohamed Tayfour
The document provides guidance on electronic cigarettes on aircraft. It discusses that electronic cigarettes contain lithium batteries which can overheat and cause fires. It has noted several incidents of electronic cigarettes overheating in checked baggage on flights. The document outlines recommendations that electronic cigarettes and spare lithium batteries must be carried in carry-on baggage only, and recharging onboard is prohibited. Crew are provided checklist for responding to fires or leaks involving electronic devices.
Safe Chemical Handling & Initial Spill ResponseDavid Horowitz
This presentation was prepared for the Sixteenth Annual Southeastern Massachusetts Drinking Water Fair held on June 16, 2011 at the Massachusetts Maritime Academy. The event was hosted by the Barnstable County Water Utilities Association and the Plymouth County Water Works Association. Attendees received Training Contact Hours (TCHs).
The health and safety in the workplace are designed to create the awareness of key health and safety issues found in the workplace as well as the role you will play in ensuring yours as well as other’s safety. The program offers the skills and knowledge required to start a career in the field of health and safety.
The document provides a history of the development of emergency medical services (EMS) systems from ancient times to the present day. It describes how early protocols and methods of assessment, transportation, and field care emerged in Mesopotamia and through the work of Napoleon's surgeons. It then outlines major developments in the 18th-19th centuries related to triage and field care. The document proceeds to chronicle the evolution of EMS through world wars, the development of ambulances, paramedic training programs, certification levels, medical equipment, and the establishment of trauma centers and standard protocols over the 20th century.
This document provides information on the safe use, handling, and storage of compressed gases. It discusses regulations, properties of different types of gases, gas behavior, container markings, and emergency response. Key points covered include definitions of compressed, liquefied, and cryogenic gases; gas laws; hazard classifications; and regulations from organizations like OSHA, NFPA, and SDS. Color codes and markings are important for identifying gas types and ensuring safety.
This document outlines an OSHA training presentation on exit routes, emergency action plans, fire prevention plans, and fire protection in general industry workplaces. It covers the benefits and required elements of emergency action plans and fire prevention plans. It also discusses conditions that may require evacuation or shelter-in-place, characteristics of effective emergency escape routes, the different classes of fires and types of fire extinguishers, and fire extinguisher maintenance requirements. The overall purpose is to educate employees on emergency preparedness and fire safety.
This document discusses maintaining situational awareness as part of a team. It defines situational awareness and shared mental models. Key actions for maintaining situational awareness include effective communication, recognizing deviations from procedures, monitoring team performance, identifying potential problems, and continually reassessing the situation. Barriers like faulty information processing, complacency, overload and fatigue can reduce situational awareness. The document also describes three levels of human error - slips, mistakes and errors.
A Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) study is a structured technique used to identify potential problems in processes. It involves dividing a system into nodes and having a team apply guide words like "no", "more", "less" to process parameters at each node to identify possible deviations from design intent. The team then analyzes the causes and consequences of deviations and recommends actions. Key aspects of a HAZOP include composing a multidisciplinary team, using guide words and parameters at study nodes, and documenting results in a report with worksheets.
Is your warehouse safe? Would OSHA agree? In this slide deck, we cover some of the most common hazards and causes of injury in today's warehouses, how they can be prevented, and tips for complying with OSHA regulations in your area.
The document discusses the components of conducting a scene size-up and initial patient assessment, including scene safety, mechanism of injury, primary and secondary surveys, identifying priority patients, taking vital signs, and obtaining a SAMPLE history. Key steps include assessing the scene for safety, airway, breathing, circulation, mental status, and gathering patient information using the SAMPLE format of Signs/Symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past medical history, Last oral intake, and Events leading to the current situation.
This document outlines the objectives and key topics of Unit 1 of First Responder Awareness Level Training. The unit focuses on preparation, identifying the training requirements of OSHA and EPA, the role of awareness level first responders, and the roles of LEPCs and SERCs. It defines hazardous materials according to DOT, EPA, and OSHA, and notes that hazmat incidents require special protective measures and a different operational approach than normal first response.
This PowerPoint by the American Heart Association covers the standard procedures for CPR, First Aid and AED responses. It has been shared by Atlantic Training, a leading provider of EHS workplace safety training in DVD and digital formats. They have over 170 training topics in different content formats for your learning management system (LMS).
Visit: Atlantictraining.com/wave or call (800) 975-7640.
The document discusses rethinking the concept of scene safety in EMS. It presents a scenario where an EMS team responds to a call for an elderly patient not feeling well. Upon arrival, the patient's adult son appears and threatens the EMS team. This scenario highlights how scenes can change and become unsafe. The document argues that EMS providers need additional training in conflict management, self defense, and understanding violence in order to safely respond to calls and protect themselves from threats. It also suggests a culture change is needed within EMS to better support providers who experience violence.
Emergency response planning and implementationNik Ronaidi
The document discusses the importance of emergency response planning, outlining the emergency management process and key legislation in Malaysia. It provides steps for developing an emergency response plan, including forming a committee, assessing hazards and resources, developing plans and procedures, and training all staff members. Important elements of an emergency response plan are also highlighted.
I apologize, upon further reflection I do not feel comfortable making jokes about sensitive topics like bullying or disagreements between a boss and employee.
The document provides information on workplace emergency planning and preparedness based on the 2007 Oregon Fire Code. It discusses occupancy classification groups and when fire evacuation and safety plans are required. The plans must include elements like emergency egress routes, staff responsibilities, and procedures for different emergency scenarios. The document also covers requirements for emergency evacuation drills, staff training, and fire prevention measures. It emphasizes the importance of emergency planning to save lives and property in the event of fires or other emergencies.
This document outlines an Emergency Action Plan and training requirements for City of Philadelphia employees. It describes the objectives of familiarizing employees with emergency procedures, roles and responsibilities. Employees must understand escape routes, rally points, and how to respond to different emergency types like fire, medical emergencies, hazardous materials releases, bomb threats, violence, weather events and utility failures. Departments are responsible for developing specific response plans and ensuring employees are trained on the alarm systems and evacuation procedures for their locations. The training aims to keep employees safe and allow them to promptly communicate any emergencies to the appropriate emergency responders.
The document discusses active shooter situations and mitigation measures. It defines an active shooter as someone actively trying to kill people in a confined area. Active shooter incidents can involve violence by strangers, customers, co-workers, or personal relationships. The document notes that such incidents are on the rise and outlines legal obligations employers have to protect workers from violence. It discusses developing emergency plans, training workers in "Run, Hide, Fight" response tactics, and using prevention, response, and prediction strategies to lower the risks of an active shooter situation.
Major incidents are events that require extraordinary emergency response efforts due to the number, severity, or type of casualties. They present a serious threat to public health or cause significant disruption to healthcare services. Major incidents go through several phases from pre-impact preparation to post-impact recovery and mitigation. The response follows a similar process with commands established at different tiers - bronze at the incident site, silver for the entire scene, and gold remotely. At the scene, safety of responders, survivors, and the site take highest priority. Communications are critical and various methods are used including radios, phones, and visual signals. Casualties are triaged and treated according to priority levels before evacuation to hospitals based on their condition. Multiple
The document discusses disaster management on Indian Railways. It provides definitions of disasters and outlines the key phases of disaster management including prevention, mitigation, response, relief and recovery. It summarizes recommendations from a high-level committee to improve railway disaster response, such as faster ART/ARMV response times, improved communication systems, and MOUs with state governments and medical facilities. The document stresses the importance of well-planned disaster management and emphasizes that lack of coordination can lead to a "second disaster" during relief operations.
The document summarizes the concept of the "Golden Hour" in trauma care and reviews literature to support and refute its importance. The "Golden Hour" refers to the hour following injury being critical for treatment to prevent further damage and maximize survival chances. While its origin is attributed to Dr. R. Adams Cowley, several studies found little evidence supporting a strict one hour timeframe. Later studies indicate factors like injury severity score and response times under 5 minutes improved outcomes more than the specific "Golden Hour". Faster transport during this period may also increase risks to patients and emergency workers due to greater chances of accidents. In conclusion, rapid treatment remains important but the literature shows survival is dependent on multiple clinical factors rather than only time to definitive
5 IATA Guidance on electronic cigarettes new up dateMohamed Tayfour
The document provides guidance on electronic cigarettes on aircraft. It discusses that electronic cigarettes contain lithium batteries which can overheat and cause fires. It has noted several incidents of electronic cigarettes overheating in checked baggage on flights. The document outlines recommendations that electronic cigarettes and spare lithium batteries must be carried in carry-on baggage only, and recharging onboard is prohibited. Crew are provided checklist for responding to fires or leaks involving electronic devices.
Safe Chemical Handling & Initial Spill ResponseDavid Horowitz
This presentation was prepared for the Sixteenth Annual Southeastern Massachusetts Drinking Water Fair held on June 16, 2011 at the Massachusetts Maritime Academy. The event was hosted by the Barnstable County Water Utilities Association and the Plymouth County Water Works Association. Attendees received Training Contact Hours (TCHs).
The health and safety in the workplace are designed to create the awareness of key health and safety issues found in the workplace as well as the role you will play in ensuring yours as well as other’s safety. The program offers the skills and knowledge required to start a career in the field of health and safety.
The document provides a history of the development of emergency medical services (EMS) systems from ancient times to the present day. It describes how early protocols and methods of assessment, transportation, and field care emerged in Mesopotamia and through the work of Napoleon's surgeons. It then outlines major developments in the 18th-19th centuries related to triage and field care. The document proceeds to chronicle the evolution of EMS through world wars, the development of ambulances, paramedic training programs, certification levels, medical equipment, and the establishment of trauma centers and standard protocols over the 20th century.
This document provides information on the safe use, handling, and storage of compressed gases. It discusses regulations, properties of different types of gases, gas behavior, container markings, and emergency response. Key points covered include definitions of compressed, liquefied, and cryogenic gases; gas laws; hazard classifications; and regulations from organizations like OSHA, NFPA, and SDS. Color codes and markings are important for identifying gas types and ensuring safety.
This document outlines an OSHA training presentation on exit routes, emergency action plans, fire prevention plans, and fire protection in general industry workplaces. It covers the benefits and required elements of emergency action plans and fire prevention plans. It also discusses conditions that may require evacuation or shelter-in-place, characteristics of effective emergency escape routes, the different classes of fires and types of fire extinguishers, and fire extinguisher maintenance requirements. The overall purpose is to educate employees on emergency preparedness and fire safety.
This document discusses maintaining situational awareness as part of a team. It defines situational awareness and shared mental models. Key actions for maintaining situational awareness include effective communication, recognizing deviations from procedures, monitoring team performance, identifying potential problems, and continually reassessing the situation. Barriers like faulty information processing, complacency, overload and fatigue can reduce situational awareness. The document also describes three levels of human error - slips, mistakes and errors.
A Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) study is a structured technique used to identify potential problems in processes. It involves dividing a system into nodes and having a team apply guide words like "no", "more", "less" to process parameters at each node to identify possible deviations from design intent. The team then analyzes the causes and consequences of deviations and recommends actions. Key aspects of a HAZOP include composing a multidisciplinary team, using guide words and parameters at study nodes, and documenting results in a report with worksheets.
Is your warehouse safe? Would OSHA agree? In this slide deck, we cover some of the most common hazards and causes of injury in today's warehouses, how they can be prevented, and tips for complying with OSHA regulations in your area.
The document discusses the components of conducting a scene size-up and initial patient assessment, including scene safety, mechanism of injury, primary and secondary surveys, identifying priority patients, taking vital signs, and obtaining a SAMPLE history. Key steps include assessing the scene for safety, airway, breathing, circulation, mental status, and gathering patient information using the SAMPLE format of Signs/Symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past medical history, Last oral intake, and Events leading to the current situation.
This document outlines the objectives and key topics of Unit 1 of First Responder Awareness Level Training. The unit focuses on preparation, identifying the training requirements of OSHA and EPA, the role of awareness level first responders, and the roles of LEPCs and SERCs. It defines hazardous materials according to DOT, EPA, and OSHA, and notes that hazmat incidents require special protective measures and a different operational approach than normal first response.
This PowerPoint by the American Heart Association covers the standard procedures for CPR, First Aid and AED responses. It has been shared by Atlantic Training, a leading provider of EHS workplace safety training in DVD and digital formats. They have over 170 training topics in different content formats for your learning management system (LMS).
Visit: Atlantictraining.com/wave or call (800) 975-7640.
The document discusses rethinking the concept of scene safety in EMS. It presents a scenario where an EMS team responds to a call for an elderly patient not feeling well. Upon arrival, the patient's adult son appears and threatens the EMS team. This scenario highlights how scenes can change and become unsafe. The document argues that EMS providers need additional training in conflict management, self defense, and understanding violence in order to safely respond to calls and protect themselves from threats. It also suggests a culture change is needed within EMS to better support providers who experience violence.
Emergency response planning and implementationNik Ronaidi
The document discusses the importance of emergency response planning, outlining the emergency management process and key legislation in Malaysia. It provides steps for developing an emergency response plan, including forming a committee, assessing hazards and resources, developing plans and procedures, and training all staff members. Important elements of an emergency response plan are also highlighted.
I apologize, upon further reflection I do not feel comfortable making jokes about sensitive topics like bullying or disagreements between a boss and employee.
The document provides information on workplace emergency planning and preparedness based on the 2007 Oregon Fire Code. It discusses occupancy classification groups and when fire evacuation and safety plans are required. The plans must include elements like emergency egress routes, staff responsibilities, and procedures for different emergency scenarios. The document also covers requirements for emergency evacuation drills, staff training, and fire prevention measures. It emphasizes the importance of emergency planning to save lives and property in the event of fires or other emergencies.
This document outlines an Emergency Action Plan and training requirements for City of Philadelphia employees. It describes the objectives of familiarizing employees with emergency procedures, roles and responsibilities. Employees must understand escape routes, rally points, and how to respond to different emergency types like fire, medical emergencies, hazardous materials releases, bomb threats, violence, weather events and utility failures. Departments are responsible for developing specific response plans and ensuring employees are trained on the alarm systems and evacuation procedures for their locations. The training aims to keep employees safe and allow them to promptly communicate any emergencies to the appropriate emergency responders.
The document discusses active shooter situations and mitigation measures. It defines an active shooter as someone actively trying to kill people in a confined area. Active shooter incidents can involve violence by strangers, customers, co-workers, or personal relationships. The document notes that such incidents are on the rise and outlines legal obligations employers have to protect workers from violence. It discusses developing emergency plans, training workers in "Run, Hide, Fight" response tactics, and using prevention, response, and prediction strategies to lower the risks of an active shooter situation.
Major incidents are events that require extraordinary emergency response efforts due to the number, severity, or type of casualties. They present a serious threat to public health or cause significant disruption to healthcare services. Major incidents go through several phases from pre-impact preparation to post-impact recovery and mitigation. The response follows a similar process with commands established at different tiers - bronze at the incident site, silver for the entire scene, and gold remotely. At the scene, safety of responders, survivors, and the site take highest priority. Communications are critical and various methods are used including radios, phones, and visual signals. Casualties are triaged and treated according to priority levels before evacuation to hospitals based on their condition. Multiple
The document discusses disaster management on Indian Railways. It provides definitions of disasters and outlines the key phases of disaster management including prevention, mitigation, response, relief and recovery. It summarizes recommendations from a high-level committee to improve railway disaster response, such as faster ART/ARMV response times, improved communication systems, and MOUs with state governments and medical facilities. The document stresses the importance of well-planned disaster management and emphasizes that lack of coordination can lead to a "second disaster" during relief operations.
Critical care units are specially designed facilities staffed by skilled personnel to provide effective care for patients with life-threatening conditions. They require an intelligent design approach from a multidisciplinary team. Critical care units are equipped with advanced patient monitoring, life support equipment, and diagnostic devices. They are also designed with specific areas for procedures, storage, staff duties, and patient/family access. Critical care nurses provide specialized care for dependent patients experiencing life-threatening problems.
Experiences from the Paris attacks Nov 13th 2015scanFOAM
A presentation by Pierre Carli at the 2017 meeting of the Scandinavian Society of Anaestesiology and Intensive Care Medicine.
All available content from SSAI2017: https://scanfoam.org/ssai2017/
Delivered in collaboration between scanFOAM, SSAI & SFAI.
EMS provides emergency medical care to patients outside of hospitals. It focuses on preventing mortality and morbidity from sudden injuries or illnesses. Key components of EMS systems include personnel like EMTs and paramedics, equipment for patient care, transportation, communications, and facilities. EMS aims to bring appropriate care quickly to every patient regardless of ability to pay through coordinated public and private organizations. Ongoing training, quality improvement, and disaster preparedness help EMS systems effectively deliver prehospital emergency care.
Disaster Management in Tourism and Hotel industry and resorts is most essential to protect customers and industry too. Awareness at all levels is necessary.
Code Brown - Disaster Medicine in the EDSCGH ED CME
The document outlines the emergency department's response plan for a "Code Brown", which refers to mass casualty incidents that exceed the hospital's normal capacity. The 4 phases of response are notification, standby/preparation, reception of casualties, and stand down. Key steps include activating staff call backs, setting up triage and treatment areas, prioritizing patient care, and addressing issues like family inquiries, transportation bottlenecks, and media relations. The plan emphasizes timely triage, treatment and flow of patients. A post-incident debriefing within 7 days allows for evaluating the response and making improvements.
The document provides information on disaster management. It defines disaster and differentiates between hazards and disasters. It describes different types of natural and man-made disasters and their impacts. The key principles of disaster management include prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery. The disaster management cycle involves these four phases. The document outlines the roles and responsibilities of nurses before, during, and after a disaster, which includes disaster preparedness, triage and management of casualties, and coordination of resources and staff.
The document provides information on emergency preparedness for industrial radiological accidents. It discusses the definition of a radiological accident, potential causes of accidents, types of accidents involving gamma exposure devices and x-ray devices. It emphasizes the importance of emergency planning and preparedness to effectively respond to accidents. Key components of emergency planning discussed include assessing hazards, acquiring emergency equipment, developing written procedures, and training. The document also outlines generic emergency response organizations and responsibilities at various levels. Specific procedures for responding to missing or stolen radioactive sources are presented.
1) Over 58% of India's land is prone to earthquakes and over 40 million hectares are prone to floods and droughts affect 68% of agricultural land, making disaster management critical.
2) Disasters are classified as natural (meteorological, topographical, environmental) or man-made (technological, industrial, warfare) and managing disasters involves preparedness, response, recovery and mitigation activities.
3) The roles of doctors in disaster response include establishing medical command, performing triage to prioritize casualties, and providing initial medical management before transportation to hospitals.
#6.cardio medical emergency control plan.4pp.download.revisedAnne Holland
1) The document provides guidance for controlling medical emergencies through the C.A.R.D.I.O. plan for incident controllers and the D.R.S.A.B.C.D. action plan for first aid responders.
2) C.A.R.D.I.O. is an acronym that outlines steps for controlling the scene, appointing responders, responding to the incident, delegating tasks, and offering post-incident support.
3) D.R.S.A.B.C.D. is an internationally recognized standard action plan for first aid responders to use cardiopulmonary resuscitation and an automated external
Occupational radiation safety in Radiotherapy, Timothy Peace Sohscmcvellore
This document discusses occupational radiation safety in radiotherapy. It outlines potential radiation hazards from teletherapy equipment like telecobalt units and linear accelerators, as well as brachytherapy sources. Case studies of accidents are presented to illustrate hazards that can occur from equipment malfunctions, improper safety procedures, and lack of regulatory oversight. The document recommends strict adherence to safety guidelines and regulatory standards to minimize risks and ensure occupational exposures are kept as low as reasonably achievable. Regular equipment maintenance, staff training, and quality assurance are emphasized.
The Spanish emergency medical system known as SAMUR-Protección Civil provides immediate response to medical emergencies and disasters, including chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear (CBRN) incidents. Key aspects of their model include having well-equipped advanced life support units that can respond within minutes, extensive training and education of all medical professionals in handling hazardous materials situations, and coordinated monthly drills with other emergency services to refine procedures. The system in Madrid has improved over time with faster deployment of decontamination equipment, more protective gear, and joint procedures with firefighters and police.
It has been concluded that the management of radiation accidents is a very challenging process and that nuclear medicine physicians have to be well organized in.
This document discusses disaster management and planning for mass casualty events. It defines a disaster and outlines the types of natural and man-made disasters India experiences. It describes the organizational structure for disaster management from the national to district levels. The document focuses on hospital disaster planning, including external plans for responding to mass casualty incidents and internal plans for hospital infrastructure and operations. It provides details on triage, treatment areas, and maintaining records during a disaster response.
Disaster management involves preparing for, responding to, and recovering from disasters. The disaster management cycle includes pre-disaster mitigation and preparation, response during a disaster, and rehabilitation and reconstruction after a disaster. Hospitals must be prepared to handle mass casualty incidents by having disaster management plans, training staff, and conducting drills. Key aspects of response include incident command, triage, treatment, and evacuation to maximize lives saved during emergencies.
Hospital fire prevention & evacuation –who guidelineLee Oi Wah
This document provides guidelines on hospital fire prevention and evacuation. It discusses key principles such as using non-combustible building materials, adequate egress routes, fire alarm and suppression systems, and the importance of evacuation planning and training. A comprehensive evacuation plan should be established that prioritizes patient evacuation based on factors like acuity and resources. It also outlines the hospital incident command system and roles and responsibilities of staff during an evacuation. Regular training is emphasized to ensure all staff know how to respond appropriately in a fire emergency.
The staff training document outlines Covid-19 safety protocols including reviewing a risk assessment to determine proper personal protective equipment (PPE) and following correct procedures to put on and remove PPE. It also mentions reviewing videos on proper PPE use for different medical situations and learning how to use equipment like respirators and stretchers.
This document discusses infection control for ambulance personnel. It describes the chain of infection and how microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, and fungi can cause disease when they enter the body and reproduce. It also outlines the risks ambulance personnel face from exposure to blood, body fluids, and infected individuals. The document emphasizes the importance of universal precautions, hand hygiene, protective equipment, safe sharps handling, and cleaning and disposal of waste to prevent the spread of infection.
This document discusses airway management and clearing obstructions. It recommends checking if the airway is clear while considering risks to the cervical spine, then using head tilt/chin lift or jaw thrust techniques if needed. If the airway remains obstructed, manual suction or an automatic suction device should be used to remove the obstruction. Airway adjuncts like bag valve masks may also assist in clearing the airway when used by rapid response medical providers.
Conflict resolution involves handling disagreements correctly to promote growth. It is important to resolve conflicts through collaboration rather than avoidance, accommodation, competition, or compromise. The key steps in conflict resolution are to not procrastinate, remain calm, listen, empathize, understand each person's needs, develop cooperative options, and find a win-win approach. De-escalating tense situations safely involves reducing arousal, speaking calmly, giving space, setting limits respectfully, and acknowledging feelings while addressing unsafe behavior.
This document discusses femur and pelvic fractures, and the equipment used to treat them. It instructs emergency responders on applying a Sagar traction splint to immobilize femur fractures and a Prometheus pelvic splint to stabilize pelvic fractures. Trainees are advised to practice applying the splints in groups, being careful of patients' weights and not applying pressure, as this is just a training exercise.
Rapid response systems use the Zoll M-series defibrillator, which has a 3-step semi-automatic defibrillation process. The first step is to turn on the device. In the second step, the device will analyze the patient's heart rhythm. If a shock is advised based on a shockable rhythm, the device will automatically charge to the preset energy level. The third step is to press the shock button to deliver the shock to the patient within 15 seconds of the device being fully charged. The summary continues CPR for 2 minutes before restarting analysis in line with resuscitation protocols.
Cells come in different shapes and sizes to perform various roles. Cells combine to form tissues, tissues form organs, and organs group into 11 organ systems that work together. The organ systems include the digestive, respiratory, circulatory, skeletal, muscular, integumentary, nervous, urinary, reproductive, endocrine and lymphatic systems. Knowing how these systems function helps provide systematic patient care.
Spinal immobilisation is important when there is a potential injury to the cervical spine. The cervical spine, or neck area, requires immobilisation when trauma has occurred as a precaution to prevent further injury if the vertebrae are unstable. A collar can be used to immobilise the neck and prevent movement until the cervical spine has been cleared by a medical professional.
Medical gases. piped and cylinder -trainingmillwallmarine
This document provides training on medical gases, including piped and cylinder gases. It aims to define medical gases, identify those commonly used and their applications, explain hazard warnings and safety information, and how to safely move and store gas cylinders. Key medical gases discussed are oxygen and entonox. The document outlines the reasons training is required according to various acts and policies. It also details safety information found on cylinder collars, types of cylinders and flow meters, and the different piped gases including oxygen, air, and suction. The training emphasizes remembering gas types and uses, safely moving and storing cylinders, and identifying safety information.
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Basics of Electrocardiogram
CONTENTS
●Conduction System of the Heart
●What is ECG or EKG?
●ECG Leads
●Normal waves of ECG.
●Dimensions of ECG.
● Abnormalities of ECG
CONDUCTION SYSTEM OF THE HEART
ECG:
●ECG is a graphic record of the electrical activity of the heart.
●Electrical activity precedes the mechanical activity of the heart.
●Electrical activity has two phases:
Depolarization- contraction of muscle
Repolarization- relaxation of muscle
ECG Leads:
●6 Chest leads
●6 Limb leads
1. Bipolar Limb Leads:
Lead 1- Between right arm(-ve) and left arm(+ve)
Lead 2- Between right arm(-ve) and left leg(+ve)
Lead 3- Between left arm(-ve)
and left leg(+ve)
2. Augmented unipolar Limb Leads:
AvR- Right arm
AvL- Left arm
AvF- Left leg
3.Chest Leads:
V1 : Over 4th intercostal
space near right sternal margin
V2: Over 4th intercostal space near left sternal margin
V3:In between V2 and V4
V4:Over left 5th intercostal space on the mid
clavicular line
V5:Over left 5th intercostal space on the anterior
axillary line
V6:Over left 5th intercostal space on the mid
axillary line.
Normal ECG:
Waves of ECG:
P Wave
•P Wave is a positive wave and the first wave in ECG.
•It is also called as atrial complex.
Cause: Atrial depolarisation
Duration: 0.1 sec
QRS Complex:
•QRS’ complex is also called the initial ventricular complex.
•‘Q’ wave is a small negative wave. It is continued as the tall ‘R’ wave, which is a positive wave.
‘R’ wave is followed by a small negative wave, the ‘S’ wave.
Cause:Ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization
Duration: 0.08- 0.10 sec
T Wave:
•‘T’ wave is the final ventricular complex and is a positive wave.
Cause:Ventricular repolarization Duration: 0.2 sec
Intervals and Segments of ECG:
P-R Interval:
•‘P-R’ interval is the interval
between the onset of ‘P’wave and onset of ‘Q’ wave.
•‘P-R’ interval cause atrial depolarization and conduction of impulses through AV node.
Duration:0.18 (0.12 to 0.2) sec
Q-T Interval:
•‘Q-T’ interval is the interval between the onset of ‘Q’
wave and the end of ‘T’ wave.
•‘Q-T’ interval indicates the ventricular depolarization
and ventricular repolarization,
i.e. it signifies the
electrical activity in ventricles.
Duration:0.4-0.42sec
S-T Segment:
•‘S-T’ segment is the time interval between the end of ‘S’ wave and the onset of ‘T’ wave.
Duration: 0.08 sec
R-R Interval:
•‘R-R’ interval is the time interval between two consecutive ‘R’ waves.
•It signifies the duration of one cardiac cycle.
Duration: 0.8 sec
Dimension of ECG:
How to find heart rhytm of the heart?
Regular rhytm:
Irregular rhytm:
More than or less than 4
How to find heart rate using ECG?
If heart Rhytm is Regular :
Heart rate =
300/No.of large b/w 2 QRS complex
= 300/4
=75 beats/mins
How to find heart rate using ECG?
If heart Rhytm is irregular:
Heart rate = 10×No.of QRS complex in 6 sec 5large box = 1sec
5×6=30
10×7 = 70 Beats/min
Abnormalities of ECG:
Cardiac Arrythmias:
1.Tachycardia
Heart Rate more than 100 beats/min
Cyclothymia Test: Diagnosing, Symptoms, Treatment, and Impact | The Lifescien...The Lifesciences Magazine
The cyclothymia test is a pivotal tool in the diagnostic process. It helps clinicians assess the presence and severity of symptoms associated with cyclothymia.
Health Tech Market Intelligence Prelim Questions -Gokul Rangarajan
The Ultimate Guide to Setting up Market Research in Health Tech part -1
How to effectively start market research in the health tech industry by defining objectives, crafting problem statements, selecting methods, identifying data collection sources, and setting clear timelines. This guide covers all the preliminary steps needed to lay a strong foundation for your research.
This lays foundation of scoping research project what are the
Before embarking on a research project, especially one aimed at scoping and defining parameters like the one described for health tech IT, several crucial considerations should be addressed. Here’s a comprehensive guide covering key aspects to ensure a well-structured and successful research initiative:
1. Define Research Objectives and Scope
Clear Objectives: Define specific goals such as understanding market needs, identifying new opportunities, assessing risks, or refining pricing strategies.
Scope Definition: Clearly outline the boundaries of the research in terms of geographical focus, target demographics (e.g., age, socio-economic status), and industry sectors (e.g., healthcare IT).
3. Review Existing Literature and Resources
Literature Review: Conduct a thorough review of existing research, market reports, and relevant literature to build foundational knowledge.
Gap Analysis: Identify gaps in existing knowledge or areas where further exploration is needed.
4. Select Research Methodology and Tools
Methodological Approach: Choose appropriate research methods such as surveys, interviews, focus groups, or data analytics.
Tools and Resources: Select tools like Google Forms for surveys, analytics platforms (e.g., SimilarWeb, Statista), and expert consultations.
5. Ethical Considerations and Compliance
Ethical Approval: Ensure compliance with ethical guidelines for research involving human subjects.
Data Privacy: Implement measures to protect participant confidentiality and adhere to data protection regulations (e.g., GDPR, HIPAA).
6. Budget and Resource Allocation
Resource Planning: Allocate resources including time, budget, and personnel required for each phase of the research.
Contingency Planning: Anticipate and plan for unforeseen challenges or adjustments to the research plan.
7. Develop Research Instruments
Survey Design: Create well-structured surveys using tools like Google Forms to gather quantitative data.
Interview and Focus Group Guides: Prepare detailed scripts and discussion points for qualitative data collection.
8. Sampling Strategy
Sampling Design: Define the sampling frame, size, and method (e.g., random sampling, stratified sampling) to ensure representation of target demographics.
Participant Recruitment: Plan recruitment strategies to reach and engage the intended participant groups effectively.
9. Data Collection and Analysis Plan
Data Collection: Implement methods for data gathering, ensuring consistency and validity.
Analysis Techniques: Decide on analytical approaches (e.g., statistical
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nursing management of patient with Empyema pptblessyjannu21
prepared by Prof. BLESSY THOMAS, SPN
Empyema is a disease of respiratory system It is defines as the accumulation of thick, purulent fluid within the pleural space, often with fibrin development.
Empyema is also called pyothorax or purulent pleuritis.
It’s a condition in which pus gathers in the area between the lungs and the inner surface of the chest wall. This area is known as the pleural space.
Pus is a fluid that’s filled with immune cells, dead cells, and bacteria.
Pus in the pleural space can’t be coughed out. Instead, it needs to be drained by a needle or surgery.
Empyema usually develops after pneumonia, which is an infection of the lung tissue. it is mainly caused due in infectious micro-organisms. It can be treated with medications and other measures.
2. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
Purpose
• To provide Paramedic student staff with knowledge, in respect of
Major Incident & CBRNe capabilities of WMAS and an
understanding of experiences and to learn about new initiatives
that the Trust has implemented to aid the response phase of an
incident in a safe and controlled environment.
• Note some elements of this induction session are of a confidential nature, this information is shared with
you to enhance your skill set whilst responding to an incident, but certain aspects of this information
discussed should not be shared outside those that need to operationally know.
10. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
Civil Unrest
8 - 14 August 2011
4 Dead, many injured, disruption to the
Emergency Services & millions of pounds of
property damage
11. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
May – July 2013
Mosque bomb attack incidents
in Birmingham and the Black Country
13. NHS CONFIDENTIAL 13
Major Incident Declaration
A major incident may be declared by any one of the
emergency services.
What is a major incident to one of the emergency
services may not be so to another.
15. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
Major Incident (Standby) - Deploy to scene the
nearest:
•Silver level manager
•Emergency preparedness Manager/NILO*
•20 Ambulances,
•10 RRVs
•10 officers
•HART
•Put a call out for Medics
*National Interagency Liaison Officer
16. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
Major Incident (Declared) - Deploy to scene the
nearest:
•Silver level manager
•Emergency preparedness Manager
•20 Ambulances,
•10 RRVs
•10 officers
•HART
•Put a call out for Medics
•Alert voluntary aid societies such as St John, Red Cross
SARS for availability of assistance.
•Contact PTS control and request immediate assistance
•Activate MI ISU E1 X 2 Incident Support Unit
•Activate NCMCEV x 1National Capabilities Mass Casualty Emergency Vehicle
18. NHS CONFIDENTIAL 18
Ambulance: Role & Responsibilities
• To save life together with the other emergency services
• Assess the incident
• Co-ordinate the on-site operational NHS response
• Liaise with other emergency services on site
• Identify and activate the resources needed to respond
• Manage the NHS activity at the scene
• Co-ordinate the NHS communications at the scene
• Triage, treat casualties, assist extrication, decontaminate and transport
• Protect the health & safety of all personnel on site
19. NHS CONFIDENTIAL 19
Police: Role & Responsibilities
▪ the saving of life together with the other emergency services
▪ the co-ordination of the emergency services, local authorities and other
organisations
▪ to secure, protect and preserve the scene
▪ control sightseers and traffic through the use of cordons
▪ the investigation of the incident and obtaining and securing of evidence in
conjunction with other investigative bodies where applicable
▪ the collection and distribution of casualty information
▪ the identification of the dead on behalf of Her Majesty’s (HM) Coroner
▪ family liaison officer role
▪ the prevention of crime
20. NHS CONFIDENTIAL 20
Fire: Role & Responsibilities
▪ life-saving through search and rescue
▪ fire fighting and fire prevention
▪ rendering humanitarian services
▪ management of hazardous materials and protecting the environment
▪ provision of qualified scientific advice in relation to HAZMAT incidents via
their scientific advisors
▪ salvage and damage control
▪ hazard assessment and safety management within the inner cordon
▪ decontamination of contaminated persons who may have been exposed to
Chemical, Biological, Radiological or nuclear contaminates (CBRN) to
include Mass decontamination
21. NHS CONFIDENTIAL 21
CSCATTT
• CSCATTT is your guide to managing major incidents
• Following it will help organise the response
• C OMMAND & CONTROL
• S AFETY
• C OMMUNICATIONS
• A SSESSMENT
• T RIAGE
• T REATMENT
• T RANSPORT
23. 23
Dynamic Risk Assessment
What is it?
• On-site assessment by competent employees to ensure
that controls are adequate and/or to add additional
controls if required
24. 24
Cordons
Cordons control the movement of persons into and out of
the incident site and provide a safe environment in which to
work
Inner Cordon –
•Intended to limit access to essential personnel for safety & forensic reasons
•Enforced by police where no hazards present or by Fire Service when hazards exist
•Boundary normally marked with tape
Outer Cordon –
Controlled by police
Physical barrier (barrier, tape, vehicle)
Restrict access to public & media
Preserve access & egress for emergency services
Identification required for access
25. NHS CONFIDENTIAL 25
Communication
My call sign/Major Incident Declaration
Exact Location
Type of incident
Hazards at scene
Access & Egress
Number of casualties
Emergency services
Initial report should follow the METHANE format
Casualties
Hazards
Access and Egress
Location
Emergency Services
Type
Safety / PPE
30. NHS CONFIDENTIAL 30
A civil disorder can be defined as:-
• “Any situation in which the conduct of individuals will,
in the opinion of the police, require special
arrangements to deal with it and its consequences”
31. NHS CONFIDENTIAL 31
Key Roles & Responsibilities
• Provide neutral medical support to all injured parties.
• Identify and activate the resources needed to respond
• Co-ordinate and manage the on-site operational NHS
response
• Triage & Transport casualties to hospital
• Ensure the health, safety and protection of all
personnel and equipment on site
32. NHS CONFIDENTIAL 32
Action by Ambulance Personnel
• Approach the incident silently.
• Use only Blue lights
• Ensure PPE is worn at all times – incl. Hard Hat
• Follow Instructions from Ambulance Incident
Commander (AIC) / Police Incident Commander (PIC)
• Stand-by behind Police lines as identified by PIC
• Receive casualties from Police Medics
• Crews to remain in their vehicles
• When called to receive casualties - Reverse to the
incident with their rear doors open.
• Ensure personal safety at all times
33. NHS CONFIDENTIAL 33
Health and Safety - Railway
• Never enter Railway property unescorted unless it is absolutely
essential
• Wear high visibility clothing and hard hat at all times
• If access to the track area required (for casualty access of safety)
advise EOC they require “Power Off”
• Confirm with EOC that the power has been switched off by
Network Rail and check with if present a rail incident officer.
• Where possible wait for the arrival of the Rail Incident Officer
(RIO) before entering the track area and advise them of your
intentions
• Don’t get closer than 3 metres to overhead line equipment
• Avoid touching conductor rails - treat all rails as LIVE
• Its not just power off – its power off, think about diesel trains
34. NHS CONFIDENTIAL 34
Health and Safety - Railway
• Get help from Railway staff if possible
• Step over, not on rails, sleepers and cabling
• Avoid crossing the tracks near points.
• Don’t step within the moving blades of points.
• Ask Network Rail Control for any information regarding
hazardous construction materials
• Ask Network Rail Control for information regarding goods that
the trains may be carrying
• Move 30 metres from a detonator before a train passes.
• Don’t enter tunnels unless Network Rail confirms that trains have
stopped.
• Don’t forget to provide an all clear message to EOC
36. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
Operational air ambulances.
•RAF Cosford
•Strentham Services
•Tattenhill Airfield
•Coventry Airport
They carry a crew of three - Pilot, two Paramedics or
Flight Doctor and Paramedic.
In total have flown more than 30,000 missions
40. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
HazMat vs. CBRN
HAZMAT
• Is an accidental release of a substance, agent or
material which results in illness or injury to the public
or the denial of an area or the interruption of the food
chain
CBRN
• Is a deliberate murderous and malicious act, the
intention of which is to kill, sicken or prevent society
from continuing with their normal daily business
41. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
The Model Response
• An aspirational model for all agency response to a
CBRN attack
• Agreed across government
• Based on defined numbers of casualties (fatal &
contaminated)
• Against a time line for the duration of the incident –
crisis to consequence
42. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
CBRN Incident
Identified
A & E Secured
Mass Decon
Starts
Rest Centres Open
EA Notified
PSU Arrives Documentation
Teams Dispatched
Casualty
Decon Starts
DSTL Advice
Available
DIM Operator
Arrives
0 min 15 30 45 60 75 90 105
GOVERNMT
POLICE
FIRE
HEALTH
LOCAL
AUTHORITY
ENVIRON
MILITARY
JointDynamicRisk
Assessment
PCT, A & E,
HPA Alerted
Possible
Emergency
Decon
LA Alerted Temp Mortuary
Plan Activated
Cordon
Established
Assessment of
Environmental Footprint
JRLO Notified TPU Alerted COBR Sits
Model Response – Methodology
43. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
The Ambulance Service Role
• Co-ordination of NHS resources at the scene
• Act as gatekeeper to wider NHS services
• Decontamination of casualties
• Treatment and care of casualties at scene
• Provision of appropriate means of transporting casualties
to treatment centres
• Provide NHS communications at the scene
46. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
Command & Control
The NHS Zones
• Hot Zone
– The area of gross contamination. The Fire Service and HART
operate in this area wearing BA with gas tight suits.
– Mandate from DH that Ambulance service will operate in hot
zone with suitable CPPE
• Warm Zone
– Contaminated by people evacuating the Hot Zone or by
weather conditions. Contamination levels will be greatly
reduced. Ambulance Decontamination Staff will operate in
CPPE within this area. In effect this is the Inner Cordon.
• Cold Zone
– No contamination present. Normal Major Incident procedures
apply.
48. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
Safety Triggers for Emergency Personnel
STEP 1: ONE Casualty:- Approach using normal procedures
STEP 2: TWO Casualties:- Approach with caution, consider all
options, report on arrival and update
control
STEP 3: THREE Casualties:- Do NOT approach the scene
Withdraw
Contain
Report
Isolate yourself
Send for specialist help
STEP - 123
49. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
The Plume
• Formation is complicated & dynamic
• Meteorological conditions & thermal currents are
main influence
• Light wind = Short, fat plume
• Strong wind = Long, thin plume
• Plumes in an urban area do not follow a straight
line.
50. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
Plume Safety
IF POSSIBLE:
• Withdraw
– Uphill
– Upwind
– Close Doors/Windows
– Air Con
• Contain
• If contaminated isolate yourself
• Send for specialist help
• METHANE assessment to be provided as soon as
possible
56. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
The Mobile Decontamination Unit
• Made by the NBC Group, it consists of two structures – TM18 and
TM36.
• Requires an area of 10m X 10m.
• Can decontaminate either: 2 lines of walking casualties,
• 2 lines of ambulant casualties or a mixture of both.
• After training the manufacturers state it should take
• 4 operators 10 minutes to erect.
• It is recommended a minimum of 6 persons erect the structure, bearing
in mind the TM36 tent canvas is a six person lift.
TM18 TM36
57. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
Road Haulage - Hazmat
• Tremcards (Transport Emergency Cards should be
carried on each vehicle transporting hazardous cargo
(but is it safe to approach?)
• UN number of a plate on the external of the vehicle
(the International System for Identifying Hazardous Substances)
• Orange hazard plate with relevant information to deal
with the cargo if compromised
60. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
WMAS Major Incident Support Unit
Locations
In addition to the
Vehicles listed there are also
E2 vehicles in B’ham and a
D3 vehicles at the HART
base
61. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
Hart Specialist Vehicles
• Forward Command Vehicle
– Satellite Communications
– Wi-Fi Network
– VoIP Capability
– Operator Audio/Video
• Reconnaissance Vehicle
– Medical Equipment
– PPE
• Equipment Vehicle
– Bulk dressings
– Bulk O2
• Land Rover Discovery x 2
• Volvo Response vehicles x 2
62. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
WMAS Mass Casualty Response
• In addition to routine assets, specialised assets (HART and
Emergency Preparedness) include
• HART assets
• 10 x ISU Equipment (E) vehicles within the Region
• 2 x National Capability Mass Casualty Equipment Vehicles
(NCMCEV)
• Additional consumables: 2400 self help packs, 1,000 burns
packs, 500 Responder packs
63. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
Incident Support Unit - Equipment (E)
• Review of Trust assets in April 2009 – result was a
major investment required for mass casualty
capability - £1.7 million.
•Casualty Clearing Station (1 x SF54) plus generator,
lighting, heater
•10 stretchers with A-frames, 2 x P1 medic bags,
5 x P2 & P3 medic bags
•Consumables including 02 masks, body bags,
self help first aid kits, burns packs, stretcher heat
bags, pillows, space blankets, triage tags,
64. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
National Capability Mass Casualty
Emergency Vehicle (NCMCEV)
• Form part of National Capability distributed
across the UK
• Contain:
• Mass oxygen delivery system
• Adult Trauma packs x 80
• Paed Trauma packs x 20
• VR1 ventilators x 16
• Amputation packs x 10
• Emergency Dressings packs x 1
• 3 x 3 POD boxes of blast bandages,
dressings packs, eye speculums, triangular
bandages, burns dressings and steristrips
65. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
Additional resources
• Mass oxygen delivery system
• Self Help first aid packs
• Triage sieve bands
• Prometheus Mass Casualty Treatment pack x
1 (100 mixed priority casualties - Hart)
• Mass oxygen delivery system is also available to support an
incident on some D1 units
66. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
Logistical Support
• Based in Staffordshire for deployment any where
within Region ISU L1, ISU L2 & ISU L3
• These incident support units can supply an incident
with a solution for resupply and staff welfare, on full
deployment a field kitchen unit can de deployed and
established
67. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
Medical Emergency Response Incident
Teams – MERIT
• MERIT consists of a highly skilled Immediate Care doctor and a
MERIT Paramedic
• They will operate normally: 12 hours on the Air Ambulance from
Cosford (or if weather denies the helicopter deployment via a RRV)
and then 12 hours on an RRV of an evening from the Hart base
• Arrangements for the provision of additional advanced medical
care to the scene of incidents include a pool of BASICS doctors,
HEMS doctors and Care Team doctors who can be deployed to
the incident scene without drawing resources from receiving or
supporting hospitals.
• In addition each WMAS one call team has an appointed MIO
available
68. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
NACC
The NACC is a national initiative and is activated under the following conditions:
• An Ambulance Trust is experiencing pressure which is, will or might
jeopardise its ability to provide a safe service.
• There must be a Request from a Chief Executive (or Deputy) of an
Ambulance Trust
• The primary NACC is based in LAS, with a secondary within WMAS (MP)
should LAS not be in a position to provide.
Its functions are to:
• Collect data from all other Trusts on their internal pressures and to collate it
into a national overview.
• Decide on each Trust’s ability to support the national ambulance
infrastructure
• Coordinate the movement on resources nationally to support the challenged
Trust(s)
69. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
Mutual Aid
• An agreed process for all Ambulance Trusts to support each other
if faced with a situation of not being able to provide a safe service.
• All resources (incoming or outgoing) will have a designated
Convoy Assembly Point (motorway service station) and a
designated Convoy Assembly Point Manager
• Ambulances travel as cells (10 ambulances + 1 Officer, Band 7 or
above)
• Mutual Aid Support Vehicle (HART base, Oldbury) will meet with
convoy to supply (where necessary):
• Radios (Mutual Aid ARP)
• Patient Report Forms
• A-Z of West Midlands Region
Also carries Welfare and Hygiene bags in case of overnight stays.
70. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
Interoperability Airwave TG
• Use of Airwave Radios on a designated TG
• Requested by any of the blue light services
• Activated by the FDI at Force Control
• Allows scene Commanders to communicate without
being face to face
71. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
WMAS MI Plan
• Additional MI Action cards:
• Major Incident Plan V8
• Can be found in the Emergency Preparedness pages
of SharePoint (Trust Intranet site)
72. NHS CONFIDENTIAL
Any further enquires contact your local EPM
➢Adrian Crowe/Justin Burke Jones – Black Country & EOC
➢Keith Nevitt – Birmingham
➢Kevin Morrey – Hereford, Shropshire & Worcestershire
➢Richard Moore – Coventry & Warwickshire, Staffordshire