The document provides a list and overview of major Hindu temples located in the city of Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India. It discusses several prominent Shiva temples like the Ekambareswarar Temple and Kailasanathar Temple, as well as noting Kanchipuram's classification as one of the seven holiest cities for Hindus. The table then lists the name, architecture/timeline, and key details about numerous individual temples in Kanchipuram.
The Calico Museum of Textiles is located in the historic Sarabhai Haveli building in Ahmedabad, India, which is around 100 years old with intricate wooden carvings. The museum houses Indian textiles from the 17th-19th centuries that were influenced by Mughal and provincial courts, including regional embroideries, costumes, tie-dyed fabrics, and displays of traditional handicraft techniques and patterns from across India. The museum exhibits explore various primary Indian textile techniques including looping, knitting, wrapping, and embroidery styles from across different regions.
The Pandyan dynasty ruled parts of southern India between 600 BCE and the 17th century CE from their capital in Madurai. They commissioned the construction of the famous Meenakshi Temple in Madurai in the early 17th century. The temple was built at the center of the city according to traditional south Indian temple town planning, with concentric streets radiating outward. The Meenakshi temple complex covers an area of around 45 acres and features 12 towering gopurams, the tallest being over 170 feet high, as well as two sanctuaries housing the main deities Meenakshi and Sundareswarar.
Humayun's Tomb is an early example of Mughal architecture located in Delhi, built in the mid-16th century. It is set within a large char bagh garden divided into quarters by water channels, inspired by descriptions of Islamic paradise gardens. The symmetrical tomb contains over 100 vaulted chambers radiating from the central chamber housing Humayun's sarcophagus.
Nashik is an ancient city in Maharashtra located on the banks of the Godavari River. The city has a population of over 1 million people and is known for being a pilgrimage site for the Kumbh Mela festival held every 12 years. Nashik's economy is based around agriculture, with the city being a major producer of grapes, pomegranates, tomatoes, and onions in India. It is also called the "Wine Capital of India" as half the country's vineyards and wineries are located in Nashik. The document provides details on Nashik's topography, climate, population growth, industries, transportation infrastructure, and cultural aspects.
Fatehpur Sikri was founded in 1569 by Mughal emperor Akbar as the capital of the Mughal Empire, located about 37 km from Agra. It was the first planned city of the Mughals, designed according to a grid plan with architectural styles fusing Islamic, Hindu, and Jain elements. The city's major complexes included the Sacred Complex containing the Jami Masjid mosque and tomb of Sufi saint Salim Chishti, and the Royal Complex with palaces, courts, and other buildings. Fatehpur Sikri was abandoned in 1585 due to water shortages but remains an important archaeological site showcasing Akbar's vision of religious harmony
Madurai is an important city in Tamil Nadu known as the "Athens of the East" and "Temple City". It was originally the capital of the Pandyan Kingdom and has a long history dating back to the 3rd century BC. The city developed around the Meenakshi Temple complex located at its center, following the traditional Indian town planning system of concentric streets leading to the temple. Over time the city boundaries expanded through different periods of rule. The historic core still maintains the traditional street pattern and settlement hierarchy centered around the temple.
The document summarizes three projects:
1. The National Handicrafts and Handloom Museum in Delhi, designed by Charles Correa in 1990 to preserve Indian craft traditions and showcase objects from all over India.
2. The Living & Learning Design Center (LLDC) in Kutch, Gujarat, conceived as a resource center and public museum to preserve local crafts. Designed by responding to the local climate and using sustainable materials and techniques.
3. The Uttrayan Art Foundation in Vadodara, Gujarat, completed in 2009, aims to promote art and culture.
The Calico Museum of Textiles is located in the historic Sarabhai Haveli building in Ahmedabad, India, which is around 100 years old with intricate wooden carvings. The museum houses Indian textiles from the 17th-19th centuries that were influenced by Mughal and provincial courts, including regional embroideries, costumes, tie-dyed fabrics, and displays of traditional handicraft techniques and patterns from across India. The museum exhibits explore various primary Indian textile techniques including looping, knitting, wrapping, and embroidery styles from across different regions.
The Pandyan dynasty ruled parts of southern India between 600 BCE and the 17th century CE from their capital in Madurai. They commissioned the construction of the famous Meenakshi Temple in Madurai in the early 17th century. The temple was built at the center of the city according to traditional south Indian temple town planning, with concentric streets radiating outward. The Meenakshi temple complex covers an area of around 45 acres and features 12 towering gopurams, the tallest being over 170 feet high, as well as two sanctuaries housing the main deities Meenakshi and Sundareswarar.
Humayun's Tomb is an early example of Mughal architecture located in Delhi, built in the mid-16th century. It is set within a large char bagh garden divided into quarters by water channels, inspired by descriptions of Islamic paradise gardens. The symmetrical tomb contains over 100 vaulted chambers radiating from the central chamber housing Humayun's sarcophagus.
Nashik is an ancient city in Maharashtra located on the banks of the Godavari River. The city has a population of over 1 million people and is known for being a pilgrimage site for the Kumbh Mela festival held every 12 years. Nashik's economy is based around agriculture, with the city being a major producer of grapes, pomegranates, tomatoes, and onions in India. It is also called the "Wine Capital of India" as half the country's vineyards and wineries are located in Nashik. The document provides details on Nashik's topography, climate, population growth, industries, transportation infrastructure, and cultural aspects.
Fatehpur Sikri was founded in 1569 by Mughal emperor Akbar as the capital of the Mughal Empire, located about 37 km from Agra. It was the first planned city of the Mughals, designed according to a grid plan with architectural styles fusing Islamic, Hindu, and Jain elements. The city's major complexes included the Sacred Complex containing the Jami Masjid mosque and tomb of Sufi saint Salim Chishti, and the Royal Complex with palaces, courts, and other buildings. Fatehpur Sikri was abandoned in 1585 due to water shortages but remains an important archaeological site showcasing Akbar's vision of religious harmony
Madurai is an important city in Tamil Nadu known as the "Athens of the East" and "Temple City". It was originally the capital of the Pandyan Kingdom and has a long history dating back to the 3rd century BC. The city developed around the Meenakshi Temple complex located at its center, following the traditional Indian town planning system of concentric streets leading to the temple. Over time the city boundaries expanded through different periods of rule. The historic core still maintains the traditional street pattern and settlement hierarchy centered around the temple.
The document summarizes three projects:
1. The National Handicrafts and Handloom Museum in Delhi, designed by Charles Correa in 1990 to preserve Indian craft traditions and showcase objects from all over India.
2. The Living & Learning Design Center (LLDC) in Kutch, Gujarat, conceived as a resource center and public museum to preserve local crafts. Designed by responding to the local climate and using sustainable materials and techniques.
3. The Uttrayan Art Foundation in Vadodara, Gujarat, completed in 2009, aims to promote art and culture.
Jodhpur, located in the state of Rajasthan, India, was founded in 1459 by Rao Jodha, chief of the Rathore clan. The city served as the capital of the kingdom of Marwar and was ruled by the Rathore clan of Rajputs until it merged with India in 1947. Some of Jodhpur's notable attractions include the 15th century Mehrangarh Fort, Umaid Bhawan Palace, Jaswant Thada memorial, and the Clock Tower. The climate is hot and dry for most of the year, and the city is known as the "Blue City" due to the traditional practice of painting houses blue.
This project on Colonial Architecture in India will help us to :
Develop skills to gather data, investigate different view points and reach to a logical justification.
Appreciate the idea of architecture used by the Britishers.
Understand various features of British Architecture and respect the assimilation of different styles of buildings.
Charles Correa designed the Sabarmati Ashram Museum in Ahmedabad, India to follow the principles of Mahatma Gandhi. The museum buildings are arranged in a casual meandering pattern around a central courtyard, with five rooms used to display important artifacts. Correa used local materials like brick, wood, and tile and a simple post-and-beam structure to house the collection in a way that maintained light, ventilation, and connection to the outdoors as per Gandhi's wishes. The design and placement of buildings within the site also aligns with principles of ancient Indian architecture like Vaastu.
The document provides an overview of temple architecture in India, focusing on northern, southern, and eastern Indian styles. It describes the key architectural elements and evolution over time, with examples including the Khajuraho group of temples, Lingaraj temple in Bhubaneswar, Jagannath temple in Puri, and the Sun Temple in Konark. The styles are characterized by elements such as shikhara towers, mandapas, and sculptural details that varied regionally under religious and geographic influences.
The document provides information about the Haat Beat music complex project in Janakpuri, New Delhi, India designed by Archohm Consults architects. The 16,000 sqm complex was commissioned in 2014 by the Delhi Tourism and Transportation Development Corporation to create a cultural center focused on music. It includes an 800-capacity indoor auditorium, 800-capacity outdoor amphitheater, exhibition hall, music museum, music store, workshop space, food court, and shops. Bamboo, indigenous stone, steel, and tensile canopies were used as materials. The complex was designed with barrier-free access for disabled visitors.
The document provides a history of the city of Ahmedabad from its founding in the 13th century to present day. It began as a city called Karnavati on the banks of the Sabarmati River under Solanki dynasty rule. In the 14th-15th century under Sultanate rule, it was renamed Ahmedabad and established as the capital of Gujarat. The city grew as an important trade, textile and cultural center under Mughal rule in the 16th-17th century. After a period of decline in the 18th century under Maratha rule, the city saw rapid growth under British rule in the 19th century as an important trade center connected by new railways. After independence
Module 3 islamic architecture under imperial ruleBinumol Tom
The document summarizes Islamic architecture under the Imperial style in India between 1191-1557 AD. It describes key architectural developments and structures during the Slave, Khalji, Tughlak, Sayyid, and Lodi dynasties. Important buildings mentioned include the Qutub Minar, Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque, Tomb of Iltutmish, Alai Darwaza, and tombs of Balban and Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq. The Imperial style saw an evolution from initial unplanned structures to carefully designed mosques, tombs, and minarets that began incorporating Hindu elements.
Pataliputra was an ancient city in modern-day Patna, India that served as the capital of several successive dynasties from the Nandas to the Guptas due to its central location. Situated at the confluence of major rivers, it dominated riverine trade and was a major commercial center. During the reign of Emperor Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE, Pataliputra was one of the world's largest cities, with a population between 150,000-400,000 people spread over 25.5 square kilometers. It was well-fortified with walls, towers, gates and a surrounding ditch for defense.
Ancient Indian cities had sophisticated town planning systems based on Vedic texts. Towns were classified by size, from small villages to large capital cities, and by shape, including rectangular, square, circular and mystic symbolic designs. Larger cities had defined areas for temples, tanks, palaces, markets and residential zones for different castes. Streets were arranged in a grid pattern with widths specified in ancient units of measurement. Overall town planning principles focused on providing resources, security and social organization according to religious scripts.
Chota Imambara: The Palace of Lights
-Introductions
-Architectural Details:
a. Main Building
b. Naubat Khana (Guard Room)
c. Shahi Hammam
d. Mohammad Ali Shah's Daughter's Tomb (Taj Mahal Replica)
e. Opposite Building or Treasury
f. Hussainabad Mosque
g. Satkhanda
h. Other Interioir details such as Chandeliers, Mirrors, Arabic
Calligraphy,etc.
The document describes the CIDCO Urban Haat located in CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai. Some key details include:
- It is located on 15 acres of land and has 50 exhibition shops, an amphitheater seating 200, and a food court.
- Facilities include shops exhibiting crafts and food, an amphitheater, and exhibition hall. The design incorporates local vernacular architecture with sloping roofs.
- It serves as a permanent marketplace and location for fairs, exhibitions, and cultural events for the area.
Case study of NATIONAL WAR MUSEUM , DELHI .Kureelalok55
DELHI >> INDIA GATE COMPLEX >> PRINCESS PARK >> PROPOSED SITE.
CASE STUDY 1..... SAURYA SMARAK , BHOPAL.
CASE STUDY 2..... NATIONAL MAUSEUM , DELHI.
CASE STUDY 3..... JANG - E - AZADI , KARTARPUR , PUNJAB
This presentation is all about a very famous and attractive Dilli haat situated in Delhi. This is a good place to spend time with your family.Different types of food items are there to eat.
Many people come there to show there creativity and sell there crafts.
The National Museum in New Delhi is one of the largest museums in India. It houses a variety of artifacts ranging from pre-historic to modern works of art. The museum aims to collect, preserve, and interpret historically and artistically significant objects. It provides information about history, culture, and art through its galleries covering topics like the Harappa civilization, Buddhist art, Indian miniature paintings, and more. Services include audio guides in several languages and facilities for disabled visitors. Natural light is used in some corridors, while different types of artificial lighting are used in the exhibition areas.
This document provides an overview of the history and development of Varanasi, India. It discusses the mythical origins of the city and its establishment along the Ganges River by Aryan settlers around 500 BC. The city grew as a religious center under the Gupta Empire from the 4th-6th centuries AD. Between the 8th-10th centuries, the city expanded further under the Pratiharas and Gahadavalas dynasties. During the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal periods, many mosques and tombs were built. In the 18th-19th centuries under the British, Varanasi became an important trade hub centered around silk and religious pilgrimage.
The document summarizes key information about the Lingaraj Temple located in Bhubaneswar, India. It was built in the 11th century by King Jajati Keshari and is dedicated to Lord Shiva. The temple follows Kalinga architecture and is constructed out of laterite stone. It has a complex layout with multiple halls, including an assembly hall, festival hall, and hall of offerings, as well as 150 smaller shrines. The tallest structure is the tower rising 55 meters high.
The Papanatha Temple located in Pattadakal, Karnataka dates back to 680 AD. It is designed in both the northern and southern architectural styles of India. The temple has a beehive shaped tower and is decorated with sculptures from the Ramayana and Mahabharata. It initially started construction in the northern style but later transitioned to the Dravidian style of architecture. The temple walls contain ornate carvings and niches housing Hindu deities.
TOWN PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE OF LOTHAL AND KALINBANGANVirag Sontakke
This Presentation is prepared for Post-Graduate Students. A presentation consisting of basic information regarding the topic. Students are advised to get more information from recommended books and articles. This presentation is only for students and purely for academic purposes.
The document summarizes the planning and development of Shahjahanabad, the capital city established by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in 1638. Key elements included the Red Fort, which served as the imperial palace complex; the Jama Masjid, the principal mosque; and two main boulevards, Chandni Chowk and Faiz Bazaar. The city was laid out according to geometric principles with walled boundaries and gates. While public spaces like streets and markets were planned, residential areas developed organically without centralized planning. The new capital represented an ideal city design intended to reflect Mughal power and culture.
The Kailasa Temple is a 8th century monolithic temple carved out of rock in Aurangabad, India. It was commissioned by King Krishna I and built in the Dravidian architecture style. The temple was carved out of a single rock formation, removing around 400,000 tons of rock. It is one of the largest monolithic structures in the world and was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1983 for its architectural and artistic achievements.
The Srirangam temple complex in Srirangam, India is the largest functioning Hindu temple in the world, covering over 630,000 square meters. It is bounded by the Kaveri River and its distributary, the Kollidam River. The complex consists of 7 walled sections and 21 towers, including the 236 foot tall Rajagopuram tower that dominates the landscape for miles. The temple contains many structures like the Hall of 1000 Pillars and shrines to various forms of Vishnu. It follows Dravidian architecture and attracts over 1 million visitors annually for its 21 day festival.
Jodhpur, located in the state of Rajasthan, India, was founded in 1459 by Rao Jodha, chief of the Rathore clan. The city served as the capital of the kingdom of Marwar and was ruled by the Rathore clan of Rajputs until it merged with India in 1947. Some of Jodhpur's notable attractions include the 15th century Mehrangarh Fort, Umaid Bhawan Palace, Jaswant Thada memorial, and the Clock Tower. The climate is hot and dry for most of the year, and the city is known as the "Blue City" due to the traditional practice of painting houses blue.
This project on Colonial Architecture in India will help us to :
Develop skills to gather data, investigate different view points and reach to a logical justification.
Appreciate the idea of architecture used by the Britishers.
Understand various features of British Architecture and respect the assimilation of different styles of buildings.
Charles Correa designed the Sabarmati Ashram Museum in Ahmedabad, India to follow the principles of Mahatma Gandhi. The museum buildings are arranged in a casual meandering pattern around a central courtyard, with five rooms used to display important artifacts. Correa used local materials like brick, wood, and tile and a simple post-and-beam structure to house the collection in a way that maintained light, ventilation, and connection to the outdoors as per Gandhi's wishes. The design and placement of buildings within the site also aligns with principles of ancient Indian architecture like Vaastu.
The document provides an overview of temple architecture in India, focusing on northern, southern, and eastern Indian styles. It describes the key architectural elements and evolution over time, with examples including the Khajuraho group of temples, Lingaraj temple in Bhubaneswar, Jagannath temple in Puri, and the Sun Temple in Konark. The styles are characterized by elements such as shikhara towers, mandapas, and sculptural details that varied regionally under religious and geographic influences.
The document provides information about the Haat Beat music complex project in Janakpuri, New Delhi, India designed by Archohm Consults architects. The 16,000 sqm complex was commissioned in 2014 by the Delhi Tourism and Transportation Development Corporation to create a cultural center focused on music. It includes an 800-capacity indoor auditorium, 800-capacity outdoor amphitheater, exhibition hall, music museum, music store, workshop space, food court, and shops. Bamboo, indigenous stone, steel, and tensile canopies were used as materials. The complex was designed with barrier-free access for disabled visitors.
The document provides a history of the city of Ahmedabad from its founding in the 13th century to present day. It began as a city called Karnavati on the banks of the Sabarmati River under Solanki dynasty rule. In the 14th-15th century under Sultanate rule, it was renamed Ahmedabad and established as the capital of Gujarat. The city grew as an important trade, textile and cultural center under Mughal rule in the 16th-17th century. After a period of decline in the 18th century under Maratha rule, the city saw rapid growth under British rule in the 19th century as an important trade center connected by new railways. After independence
Module 3 islamic architecture under imperial ruleBinumol Tom
The document summarizes Islamic architecture under the Imperial style in India between 1191-1557 AD. It describes key architectural developments and structures during the Slave, Khalji, Tughlak, Sayyid, and Lodi dynasties. Important buildings mentioned include the Qutub Minar, Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque, Tomb of Iltutmish, Alai Darwaza, and tombs of Balban and Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq. The Imperial style saw an evolution from initial unplanned structures to carefully designed mosques, tombs, and minarets that began incorporating Hindu elements.
Pataliputra was an ancient city in modern-day Patna, India that served as the capital of several successive dynasties from the Nandas to the Guptas due to its central location. Situated at the confluence of major rivers, it dominated riverine trade and was a major commercial center. During the reign of Emperor Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE, Pataliputra was one of the world's largest cities, with a population between 150,000-400,000 people spread over 25.5 square kilometers. It was well-fortified with walls, towers, gates and a surrounding ditch for defense.
Ancient Indian cities had sophisticated town planning systems based on Vedic texts. Towns were classified by size, from small villages to large capital cities, and by shape, including rectangular, square, circular and mystic symbolic designs. Larger cities had defined areas for temples, tanks, palaces, markets and residential zones for different castes. Streets were arranged in a grid pattern with widths specified in ancient units of measurement. Overall town planning principles focused on providing resources, security and social organization according to religious scripts.
Chota Imambara: The Palace of Lights
-Introductions
-Architectural Details:
a. Main Building
b. Naubat Khana (Guard Room)
c. Shahi Hammam
d. Mohammad Ali Shah's Daughter's Tomb (Taj Mahal Replica)
e. Opposite Building or Treasury
f. Hussainabad Mosque
g. Satkhanda
h. Other Interioir details such as Chandeliers, Mirrors, Arabic
Calligraphy,etc.
The document describes the CIDCO Urban Haat located in CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai. Some key details include:
- It is located on 15 acres of land and has 50 exhibition shops, an amphitheater seating 200, and a food court.
- Facilities include shops exhibiting crafts and food, an amphitheater, and exhibition hall. The design incorporates local vernacular architecture with sloping roofs.
- It serves as a permanent marketplace and location for fairs, exhibitions, and cultural events for the area.
Case study of NATIONAL WAR MUSEUM , DELHI .Kureelalok55
DELHI >> INDIA GATE COMPLEX >> PRINCESS PARK >> PROPOSED SITE.
CASE STUDY 1..... SAURYA SMARAK , BHOPAL.
CASE STUDY 2..... NATIONAL MAUSEUM , DELHI.
CASE STUDY 3..... JANG - E - AZADI , KARTARPUR , PUNJAB
This presentation is all about a very famous and attractive Dilli haat situated in Delhi. This is a good place to spend time with your family.Different types of food items are there to eat.
Many people come there to show there creativity and sell there crafts.
The National Museum in New Delhi is one of the largest museums in India. It houses a variety of artifacts ranging from pre-historic to modern works of art. The museum aims to collect, preserve, and interpret historically and artistically significant objects. It provides information about history, culture, and art through its galleries covering topics like the Harappa civilization, Buddhist art, Indian miniature paintings, and more. Services include audio guides in several languages and facilities for disabled visitors. Natural light is used in some corridors, while different types of artificial lighting are used in the exhibition areas.
This document provides an overview of the history and development of Varanasi, India. It discusses the mythical origins of the city and its establishment along the Ganges River by Aryan settlers around 500 BC. The city grew as a religious center under the Gupta Empire from the 4th-6th centuries AD. Between the 8th-10th centuries, the city expanded further under the Pratiharas and Gahadavalas dynasties. During the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal periods, many mosques and tombs were built. In the 18th-19th centuries under the British, Varanasi became an important trade hub centered around silk and religious pilgrimage.
The document summarizes key information about the Lingaraj Temple located in Bhubaneswar, India. It was built in the 11th century by King Jajati Keshari and is dedicated to Lord Shiva. The temple follows Kalinga architecture and is constructed out of laterite stone. It has a complex layout with multiple halls, including an assembly hall, festival hall, and hall of offerings, as well as 150 smaller shrines. The tallest structure is the tower rising 55 meters high.
The Papanatha Temple located in Pattadakal, Karnataka dates back to 680 AD. It is designed in both the northern and southern architectural styles of India. The temple has a beehive shaped tower and is decorated with sculptures from the Ramayana and Mahabharata. It initially started construction in the northern style but later transitioned to the Dravidian style of architecture. The temple walls contain ornate carvings and niches housing Hindu deities.
TOWN PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE OF LOTHAL AND KALINBANGANVirag Sontakke
This Presentation is prepared for Post-Graduate Students. A presentation consisting of basic information regarding the topic. Students are advised to get more information from recommended books and articles. This presentation is only for students and purely for academic purposes.
The document summarizes the planning and development of Shahjahanabad, the capital city established by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in 1638. Key elements included the Red Fort, which served as the imperial palace complex; the Jama Masjid, the principal mosque; and two main boulevards, Chandni Chowk and Faiz Bazaar. The city was laid out according to geometric principles with walled boundaries and gates. While public spaces like streets and markets were planned, residential areas developed organically without centralized planning. The new capital represented an ideal city design intended to reflect Mughal power and culture.
The Kailasa Temple is a 8th century monolithic temple carved out of rock in Aurangabad, India. It was commissioned by King Krishna I and built in the Dravidian architecture style. The temple was carved out of a single rock formation, removing around 400,000 tons of rock. It is one of the largest monolithic structures in the world and was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1983 for its architectural and artistic achievements.
The Srirangam temple complex in Srirangam, India is the largest functioning Hindu temple in the world, covering over 630,000 square meters. It is bounded by the Kaveri River and its distributary, the Kollidam River. The complex consists of 7 walled sections and 21 towers, including the 236 foot tall Rajagopuram tower that dominates the landscape for miles. The temple contains many structures like the Hall of 1000 Pillars and shrines to various forms of Vishnu. It follows Dravidian architecture and attracts over 1 million visitors annually for its 21 day festival.
This document provides information about Chennai, Kanchipuram, and Thiruvallur districts in Tamil Nadu, India. It discusses the history and origin of names of Chennai and surrounding areas. It describes prominent temples like Kapaleeswarar Temple in Chennai and Kailasanathar Temple in Kanchipuram. It also provides details about traditional industries like silk weaving in Kanchipuram and the Irular people and agriculture in Thiruvallur district.
This document provides an overview of pilgrimage tourism in Tamil Nadu, India. It discusses the many Hindu temples throughout the state, which are classified in various ways such as by deity, region, or dynasty. The major temple destinations in Chennai, Thanjavur, Madurai and other cities are described. The document also examines the market segments for pilgrimage tourism in Tamil Nadu, including global audiences targeted by marketing campaigns as well as local pilgrims who learn of destinations through word-of-mouth. Religious tourism is an important part of the economy and efforts are made to promote Tamil Nadu's cultural heritage and hospitality to visitors.
The Meenakshi Temple in Madurai, India is a historic Hindu temple dedicated to Goddess Meenakshi and her consort, Lord Sundareswarar. It is located at the heart of the city of Madurai and is considered one of the most important temples in South India. The temple was built during the reign of the Pandyan kings between the 6th to 17th centuries CE and features impressive gopurams, pillared halls with intricate sculptures, and inner shrines housing the primary deities. The temple follows a concentric layout with walls and towers and once served as the geographic and spiritual center of the ancient city of Madurai.
Minor project report on temple architecturMegha Aggarwal
The document provides a minor project report on Temple Architecture of India. It includes an introduction describing Indian temple architecture, objectives, limitations and research methodology of the project. It also details the profile of temple architecture including the history of temples in India and the major architectural styles of Nagara, Dravida and Vesara. The document discusses strategies to enhance religious tourism, its role in economic growth, and protecting temples. It covers temple finances, locations, customs, and the erosion of temple autonomy by state control.
The Kailasa Temple was built in the 8th century in Aurangabad, India. It was carved out of a single rock cliff and took over 400,000 tons of rock to complete. The temple complex consists of four parts - the body of the temple, an entrance gateway, an intermediate Nandi shrine, and cloisters surrounding a courtyard. It is considered one of the largest monolithic structures in the world and was awarded UNESCO World Heritage status in 1983.
The document discusses different types of traditional silk sarees from various regions across India. It provides details on iconic silk sarees such as Banarasi, Kanjeevaram, Paithani, Mysore, Pochampalli and more. The document highlights the unique characteristics of each silk saree variety including the materials used, patterns, weaving styles and regions of origin.
The Shore Temple at Mahabalipuram datable to the late 7th century is notable for its location on the seashore. It is a five-storey structural Hindu temple, the earliest important structural temple in Southern India, built on a 50 foot square platform with a pyramidal structure rising 60 feet high. Though similar in style to the Dharmaraja Ratha, it differs in being a fully structural temple rather than rock-cut, about 3-4 times the size of the Dharmaraja Ratha with a triple structure adding rear and front shrines.
Semester II 2012-14
2
I Urban Design
1
Asawari Shinde
I
COLONIALISM– Rashtrapati Bhavan, New Delhi, INDIA
NEHA MUNGEKAR |NIKHIL CHAUDHARY
The document discusses manifestations of power in urban space through case studies and examples. It defines key terms like power, urban space, and examines how power is reflected in different aspects like political, religious, social, economic and cultural spheres through urban planning and built forms. Some examples discussed include the Forbidden City in Beijing reflecting imperial power, Red Square in Moscow reflecting communist power, and Capitol Complex in
The document discusses the origins, evolution, and architectural elements of stupas and viharas in ancient India. It provides details on some key early stupas like the Great Stupa at Sanchi and the Dhamekh Stupa at Sarnath. It also describes the rock-cut viharas at Ajanta and Ellora that served as monasteries for Buddhist monks, as well as chaitya halls used for worship that were elaborately decorated with sculptures and paintings.
The document provides an overview of Jain architecture and temple design. It notes that Jain temples were initially carved out of rock faces and later developed temple cities on hills. Key elements include numerous pillars forming squares that create small chapels, domed roofs, and frequently seen four-faced designs with images facing the four cardinal directions. Famous Jain temples mentioned include Dilwara Temple in Mount Abu, Nasiyan Temple in Ajmer, and temples in Ahmedabad and Delhi.
Study of city evolution- temple town Madurai Sulthan Ahamed
Madurai, located in Tamil Nadu, India, is an ancient city with a long history as the capital of the Pandyan Kingdom. Known as the "Athens of the East," the city evolved around the Meenakshi Amman Temple complex located at its center. Madurai was carefully planned according to traditional Indian principles with concentric streets radiating outward from the temple. Lower castes lived farther from the temple core. Today, Madurai remains an important economic, cultural, and transportation hub of Tamil Nadu renowned for its vibrant cultural life and traditions.
The Stockholm City Plan from 1999 outlines the city's strategy to promote sustainable development through compact urban growth and preserving green spaces. The main points are:
1) The plan's overall strategy is to "build the city inwards" by focusing new development on previously used land and public transportation access.
2) An important part of the plan is defining and protecting an overall "green structure" of parks and natural areas that provide social, cultural, and ecological benefits.
3) Other goals include redeveloping former industrial areas, developing areas like Kista Science City, and enhancing suburban participation through programs like the Outer City initiative.
The document discusses key features of Buddhist architecture that developed in India. It began with symbolic structures representing Buddha's life, promoted by Emperor Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE. Major architectural forms included stupas to house Buddhist relics, pillars (stambhas) bearing inscriptions, and chaityas/viharas that were temples and monastery halls carved into rock. The Great Stupa at Sanchi and reliefs at sites like Amaravati and the caves/temples at Ellora and Elephanta are highlighted as iconic examples that demonstrate the evolution of Buddhist architectural styles and motifs over centuries.
Auroville, City of dawn is located in state of Tamil Nadu, India, near Pondicherry in South India. .Auroville was founded as a project on experimental basis of the ‘Sri Arbindo Society’ on Wednesday 28 February 1968. The basic idea originated from Mirra Alfassa ‘The Mother ‘who was spiritually related to India.
Ma envisaged Auroville as an international township for 50,000 residents on the shape of a flower. Architect Roger Anger refined the planning and designed it in shape of Universe.He placed Matrimandir at the center of this city.
Mary Alfassa in her first message regarding the town stated that, "Auroville is meant to be a universal town where men and women of al countries are able to live in peace and progressive harmony, above all creeds, all politics and all nationalities”
.
1o habilidades del docente de la post era digitalAlma de Docente
A empresa de tecnologia anunciou um novo smartphone com câmera aprimorada, tela maior e bateria de longa duração por um preço acessível. O dispositivo tem como objetivo atrair mais consumidores em mercados emergentes com suas especificações equilibradas e preço baixo. Analistas esperam que as melhorias e o preço baixo impulsionem as vendas do novo aparelho.
Data Breach Crisis Control – How to Communicate When You’re in the Hot SeatResilient Systems
As attacks on Sony and Target show, the impact of a breach can stretch for months. Knowing how to communicate to the various internal and external audiences is crucial to mitigating the trail of damage.
The webinar features Melanie Dougherty Thomas, a crisis expert with more than 20 years of experience in marketing and communications. Melanie is Managing Director of Inform – a top communications firm that serves Fortune 500s.
Melanie will outline strategies for:
·Incident investigation and assessment
·Public acknowledgement and media management
·Customer and social media responses
·Legal notifications and obligations
Our featured speakers for this webinar will be:
·Melanie Dougherty Thomas, Managing Director, Inform
·Ted Julian, CMO, Co3 Systems
Hampi was once the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire and is now a popular tourist destination known for its ruins and monuments spread across 26 square kilometers. Some of the major sites include the Virupaksha Temple, Vittala Temple, Lakshmi Narasimha Temple, and remnants of the royal quarters. A weekend trip allows visitors to see the sacred and royal centers by foot, bicycle, or vehicle. Hampi has a pleasant climate from November to February and festivals like Hampi Utsav in November add cultural performances.
The document discusses several Hindu temples located in Tamil Nadu that are significant in Chola and Pallava architecture and history. It provides details about the Chidambaram Temple which represents the element of ether. It also discusses the Ekambareswara Temple in Kanchipuram which represents the element of earth. Finally, it shares information about festivals held at the Kapaleeswarar Temple in Chennai and the Parthasarathi Temple, and provides images of sculptures and structures from temples including Darasuram, Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Kailasanathar, and the Shore Temple at Mahabalipuram.
This document provides information about the historic site of Hampi located in Karnataka, India. It was once the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire. The document outlines the location and brief history of Hampi. It then describes some of Hampi's major monuments such as temples, royal buildings, and tanks. It concludes with travel details on reaching Hampi from Bengaluru including by train, bus, car and tips for visiting.
Its capital and largest city is Chennai (formerly known as Madras). Tamil Nadu lies in the southernmost part of the Indian Peninsula and is bordered by the union territory of Puducherry and the South Indian states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh.
temple of tamilnadu dokumen.tips_tamilnadu-ppt.pdfdevvpillpersonal
The document summarizes important Hindu temples located in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. It describes the Ranganathaswamy Temple in Srirangam, the largest temple complex in India covering 156 acres. It also mentions the Thillai Natarajah Temple dedicated to Lord Shiva in Chidambaram that occupies 40 acres, and the Annamalaiyar Temple in Tiruvannamalai with four towers and walls like a fort over 101,171 square meters. Additionally, it provides details about the Meenakshi Amman Temple in Madurai honoring Meenakshi and Sundareswarar over 45 acres.
The document provides an overview of temple architecture in India, including terminology, styles, and historical sources. It discusses the main styles of nagara, dravida, and vesara temples. Nagara temples originated in North India and have curvilinear towers. Dravida temples are common in South India and have pyramid-shaped towers in stepped forms. Vesara temples, seen in central India, blend elements of nagara and dravida styles. The document also lists early literary sources on temple architecture and characteristics of different styles.
This PPT Contains about Our Indian Culture which is so diverse and interesting.This Ppt discuss about our different religions and Explain the reason of secular India. Hope Everone like it.
We Present this PRESENTATION in Ukraine in our Ivano Fankivisk National Medical University to explain our Indian Culture.
Ppt discuss about Medicine in Ancient India,Religion and Culture. And Science of our Religion.
This document provides information on several Hindu and Jain temples located in Khajuraho, Madhya Pradesh, India. It describes the Parsavanath Temple as the largest Jain temple in the southeastern group, noted for its precise construction and sculpted figures. The Kandariya Mahadeva Temple is highlighted as the largest and most ornate Hindu temple, built around 1050 AD. It also briefly summarizes some key details about the Devi Jagadambika, Chaturbhuj, Chausath Yogini, Brahma, Lalguan Mahadev, Vamana and Matangeshwar temples.
The Murudeshwar Temple in Karnataka, India is dedicated to Lord Shiva. It is located on the Kanduka Hill surrounded by the Arabian Sea and features a 249 foot tall Raja Gopura tower. The temple is most famous for its massive 123 foot tall statue of Shiva. According to legend, Ravana was once given the sacred Atma Linga by Shiva but tricked by Lord Ganesha into putting it on the ground, stripping it of its powers. The modern Murudeshwar Temple complex was constructed by businessman R.N. Shetty and blends traditional and contemporary architecture.
The document discusses three Hindu temples in South India - Thanjavur Temple, Madurai Meenatchi Temple, and Mahabalipuram.
The Thanjavur Temple, also known as Brihadishvara Temple, is located in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu. It was built in 1010 AD by Raja Raja and is an exemplary example of fully realized Tamil architecture.
The Madurai Meenatchi Temple is located in Madurai, Tamil Nadu and is dedicated to the goddess Meenakshi and her consort Sundareswarar. It is a historic temple built on the bank of the Vaigai River.
Mahabalip
1. The Chidambaram Nataraja Temple is a historic Hindu temple located in Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu dedicated to Lord Shiva in his dancing form as Nataraja.
2. The temple has several unique architectural features that symbolize elements of Hindu scriptures like the 28 pillars representing 28 Agamas and the golden tiles inscribed with the sacred mantra.
3. The temple is administered by a group of Brahmins called Dikshithars who are hereditary trustees and priests at the temple.
The document provides details about the Khajuraho temples located in Madhya Pradesh, India. The temples were built between the 9th and 12th centuries by the Chandela dynasty and are known for their erotic sculptures. 25 temples remain today belonging to Hinduism and Jainism. The temples showcase the perfect fusion of architecture and sculpture in the Nagara style and are adorned with sculptures of deities, celestial beings, and secular scenes.
The document provides information about several locations in South India. It discusses Nagalapuram and Nagalapuram Falls, an area known for trekking and waterfalls near Chennai. It then lists several other religious sites in the region including Kapila Tirdham, Talakona, Japali Teertham, Srisailam, and Kanipakam Science Center. It provides more detailed information about specific religious sites and landmarks such as the Parasurameswara Temple, Ardhagiri hill, Horsley Hills, Kalahasti Temple, Tirumala Temple, and Chandragiri Fort. The locations highlighted cover a range of natural attractions, religious sites, and historical forts across
The document discusses Hindu cosmology, iconography, and key terms related to Hindu art and religion. It provides details on the Hindu pantheon including the three main godheads - Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva. It describes their attributes, vehicles, and qualities. Additionally, it discusses important Hindu goddesses and their consorts as well as demons. The document also summarizes important temples and artworks including the Kailasa Temple at Ellora and Shiva as Nataraja. Key terms related to Hindu religious concepts, deities, and artistic traditions are also defined.
Hindu Temple Architecture | History of ArchitecturePranay Kumar Tode
The Gupta and Early Chalukyan periods saw developments in Hindu temple architecture in India. Under the Guptas, temples transitioned from rock-cut cave structures to free-standing structures, with early styles consisting of a sanctuary and porch. The Chalukyas established their rule in the 6th century and made Aihole, Badami, and Pattadakal centers of architectural experimentation, combining North and South Indian elements into their distinctive Vesara style with features like ornate doorframes and octagonal towers. Rock-cut structures from this period can still be seen at sites like Ajanta, Ellora, Junagarh, and the cave temples of Badami.
The document provides information about several famous Hindu temples located in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. It describes the location, architectural style, legends, festivals, and visiting details of temples dedicated to deities like Vishnu, Shiva, and Kamakshi including the Srirangam Ranganathaswamy Temple, Ekambareswarar Temple, and Brihadeeswarar Temple. The temples were constructed in Dravidian architecture and attract thousands of devotees during their annual festivals and celebrations. Tamil Nadu is known as the "Temple State of India" due to the large number of ancient temples located across the state.
The document provides information about the Khajuraho temples in India. It discusses that the temples were constructed between 950-1050 AD during the Chandela Empire. It highlights some of the main western group temples including the Kandariya Mahadev temple and sculptures found on the temples depicting various stories. The document also discusses the architectural features of the temples including the rich sculptures and carvings found both inside and outside the temples aimed at depicting different human emotions and spiritual states.
Shyamrai Temple is a 17th century pilgrimage site in Bishnupur, West Bengal known for its exquisite terracotta art depicting scenes from the Ramayana and Mahabharata. Built by Raghunath Singha, the five-peaked temple walls are entirely etched with terracotta sculptures. Located in Bishnupur, the temple has a unique architectural design with a curved ceiling inspired by Islamic architecture and terracotta sculptures of deities, musicians, and dancers. It is maintained by the Archaeological Survey of India and offers tourists a light and sound show.
The Brihadishvara temple in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu is one of the largest South Indian temples built by King Raja Raja Chola between 1003 and 1010 AD. It is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the "Great Living Chola Temples". The temple was built around a moat and includes structures like a gopuram, main temple, massive tower, inscriptions, frescoes and sculptures related to Shaivism, Vaishnavism and Shaktism. It has a tall granite vimana tower above the sanctum and houses one of the largest Shiva lingas in India.
Tales of This and Another Life - Chapters.pdfMashaL38
This book is one of the best of the translated ones, for it has a warning character for all those who find themselves in the experience of material life. Irmão X provides a shrewd way of describing the subtleties and weaknesses that can jeopardize our intentions, making us more attentive and vigilant by providing us with his wise pages, reminding us between the lines of the Master's words: "Pray and watch."
"Lift off" by Pastor Mark Behr at North Athens Baptist ChurchJurgenFinch
23 June 2024
Morning Service at North Athens Baptist Church Athens, Michigan
“Lift Off” by Pastor Mark Behr
Scriptures: Luke 24:50-53; Acts 1:6-11.
We are a small country Church in Athens Michigan who loves to reach out to others with the love of God. We worship an Awesome God who loves the whole world and wants everyone to see and understand what He has done for us. (1 Corinthians 15:1-4) We hope you are encouraging by our Sunday Morning sermon videos. If you are ever in the area, please feel free to attend our Sunday Morning Services at North Athens Baptist Church 2020 M Drive South, Athens, Michigan. If you have any question and would like to talk to Pastor Mark, or have prayer request please call the church at (269) 729-553
Sunday School: 9:30 a.m.
Morning Service: 10:45 a.m.
Full Morning Service on Facebook Live at: https://www.facebook.com/groups/nabc2020athensmichigan
Sermon Only Live on YouTube at: https://www.youtube.com/@NABC2020AthensMI
Sermon Only Audio of Morning Sermon at: https://soundcloud.com/user-591083416
Introduction
Mantra Yoga is an exact science. "Mananat trayate iti mantrah- by the Manana (constant thinking or recollection) of which one is protected or is released from the round of births and deaths, is Mantra." That is called Mantra by the meditation (Manana) on which the Jiva or the individual soul attains freedom from sin, enjoyment in heaven and final liberation, and by the aid of which it attains in full the fourfold fruit (Chaturvarga), i.e., Dharma, Artha, Kama and Moksha. A Mantra is so called because it is achieved by the mental process.
PHASE-IV
The very deep experience of silence helps to expand from the 3 - dimensional awareness of the body to all pervasive awareness. The bed of silence becomes deeper and more expansive - an ocean of silence with waves on it merge into complete silence called Ajapa state of the mind. This silence is the source of Creativity, Power, Knowledge and Bliss.
PHASE V
From this deep ocean of silence in the heart region, let one OM emerge as an audible sound which diffuses into the entire body and the space all around. Enjoy the beautiful vibrations.
Blink the eyes slowly, gently open the eyes and come out of meditation.
God calls us to a journey of worshiping Him. In this journey you will encounter different obstacles and derailments that will want to sway you from worshiping God. You got to be intentional in breaking the barriers staged on your way of worship in order to offer God acceptable worship.
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MAKE HIM/HER LOVE ME
You love someone but this isn't mutual? Don't wait for the deluge and make him or her love you now. This service will create a great alchemy between this person and you. In just a few weeks, you can make the person you dream of falling in love with you. We recommend you to combine this service with a Marriage ritual if you want this person to commit you.
BREAK UP A RELATIONSHIP
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The Book of Revelation, filled with symbolic and apocalyptic imagery, presents one of its most striking visions in Revelation 9:3-12—the locust army. Understanding the significance of this locust army provides insight into the broader themes of divine judgment, protection, and the ultimate triumph of God’s will as depicted in Revelation.
Astronism, Cosmism and Cosmodeism: the space religions espousing the doctrine...Cometan
This lecture created by Brandon Taylorian (aka Cometan) specially for the CESNUR Conference held Bordeaux in June 2024 provides a brief introduction to the legacy of religious and philosophical thought that Astronism emerges from, namely the discourse on transcension started assuredly by the Cosmists in Russia in the mid-to-late nineteenth century and then carried on and developed by Mordecai Nessyahu in Cosmodeism in the twentieth century. Cometan also then provides some detail on his story in founding Astronism in the early twenty-first century from 2013 along with details on the central Astronist doctrine of transcension. Finally, the lecture concludes with some contributions made by space religions and space philosophy and their influences on various cultural facets in art, literature and film.
Lesson 12 - The Blessed Hope: The Mark of the Christian.pptxCelso Napoleon
Lesson 12 - The Blessed Hope: The Mark of the Christian
SBS – Sunday Bible School
Adult Bible Lessons 2nd quarter 2024 CPAD
MAGAZINE: THE CAREER THAT IS PROPOSED TO US: The Path of Salvation, Holiness and Perseverance to Reach Heaven
Commentator: Pastor Osiel Gomes
Presentation: Missionary Celso Napoleon
Renewed in Grace
Lição 12: João 15 a 17 – O Espírito Santo e a Oração Sacerdotal | 2° Trimestr...OmarBarrezueta1
Esta lição é uma oportunidade para discutirmos um assunto multo mal interpretado no contexto cristão, que é o fato de algumas pessoas pensarem que o conhecer Jesus é ter a nossa vida mudada em todas as áreas, como se Deus tivesse o dever de transportar-nos deste mundo para um outro mundo onde muitas coisas maravilhosas que desejamos seriam reais. No entanto, a nossa fé não nos tira do mundo após nos convertermos; ao invés disso, permanecemos vivendo sob as mesmas circunstâncias. O propósito de Deus não é nos tirar do mundo, mas nos livrar das ações do maligno (Jo 17.15), Sendo assim, a vida eterna não significa estar fora da realidade deste mundo, mas conhecer o único Deus verdadeiro (Jo 17.3).
Lucid Dreaming: Understanding the Risks and Benefits
The ability to control one's dreams or for the dreamer to be aware that he or she is dreaming. This process, called lucid dreaming, has some potential risks as well as many fascinating benefits. However, many people are hesitant to try it initially for fear of the potential dangers. This article aims to clarify these concerns by exploring both the risks and benefits of lucid dreaming.
The Benefits of Lucid Dreaming
Lucid dreaming allows a person to take control of their dream world, helping them overcome their fears and eliminate nightmares. This technique is particularly useful for mental health. By taking control of their dreams, individuals can face challenging scenarios in a controlled environment, which can help reduce anxiety and increase self-confidence.
Addressing Common Concerns
Physical Harm in Dreams Lucid dreaming is fundamentally safe. In a lucid dream, everything is a creation of your mind. Therefore, nothing in the dream can physically harm you. Despite the vividness and realness of the dream experience, it remains entirely within your mental landscape, posing no physical danger.
Mental Health Risks Concerns about developing PTSD or other mental illnesses from lucid dreaming are unfounded. As soon as you wake up, it's clear that the events experienced in the dream were not real. On the contrary, lucid dreaming is often seen as a therapeutic tool for conditions like PTSD, as it allows individuals to reframe and manage their thoughts.
Potential Risks of Lucid Dreaming
While generally safe, lucid dreaming does come with a few risks as well:
Mixing Dream Memories with Reality Long-term lucid dreamers might occasionally confuse dream memories with real ones, creating false memories. This issue is rare and preventable by maintaining a dream journal and avoiding lucid dreaming about real-life people or places too frequently.
Escapism Using lucid dreaming to escape reality can be problematic if it interferes with your daily life. While it is sometimes beneficial to escape and relieve the stress of reality, relying on lucid dreaming for happiness can hinder personal growth and productivity.
Feeling Tired After Lucid Dreaming Some people report feeling tired after lucid dreaming. This tiredness is not due to the dreams themselves but often results from not getting enough sleep or using techniques that disrupt sleep patterns. Taking breaks and ensuring adequate sleep can prevent this.
Mental Exhaustion Lucid dreaming can be mentally taxing if practiced excessively without breaks. It’s important to balance lucid dreaming with regular sleep to avoid mental fatigue.
Lucid dreaming is safe and beneficial if done with caution. It has many benefits, such as overcoming fear and improving mental health, and minimal risks. There are many resources and tutorials available for those interested in trying it.
Unleash your spiritual growth journey as a truth-seeker!
Learn More:
👉https://tkg.tf/4D
Tracking "The Blessing" - Christianity · Spiritual Growth · Success
Do you ever feel like your Bible highlighting isn't quite enough to ignite lasting spiritual growth? Have you struggled to retain key takeaways from your Bible study sessions?
Discover how living in 4D can transform your highlighting into a strategic tool for spiritual development.
Learn More:
👉https://tkg.tf/4D
In this video, you'll gain insights on:
How highlighting key verses and themes can enhance memory and retention of Scripture (we see a few key ones, here!)
Studies have shown that highlighting can significantly improve information recall. Highlighting key points visually reinforces them in your mind, leading to better long-term memory.
How to personalize your Bible study through strategic highlighting. Don't just highlight everything!
This video will teach you how to strategically highlight based on what resonates with you, focusing on central themes, recurring ideas, or connections between different passages.
Watch More:
👉https://tkg.tf/4D
How connecting highlighted passages can reveal deeper biblical truths. By highlighting these connections, you can see the bigger picture and uncover the underlying messages within Scripture.
By the end of this video, you'll be equipped to unlock the hidden potential within your highlighted Bible and embark on a transformative spiritual growth journey! Don't forget to like and subscribe for more inspiring content on deepening your faith.
Note: For Christians seeking to enrich their Bible study and deepen their faith, as well as any other spiritual seeker of truth and growth.
Learn More:
👉https://tkg.tf/4D
Heartfulness Magazine - June 2024 (Volume 9, Issue 6)heartfulness
Dear readers,
This month we continue with more inspiring talks from the Global Spirituality Mahotsav that was held from March 14 to 17, 2024, at Kanha Shanti Vanam.
We hear from Daaji on lifestyle and yoga in honor of International Day of Yoga, June 21, 2024. We also hear from Professor Bhavani Rao, Dean at Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, on spirituality in action, the Venerable BhikkuSanghasena on how to be an ambassador for compassion, Dr. Tony Nader on the Maharishi Effect, Swami Mukundananda on the crossroads of modernization, Tejinder Kaur Basra on the purpose of work, the Venerable GesheDorjiDamdul on the psychology of peace, the Rt. Hon. Patricia Scotland, KC, Secretary-General of the Commonwealth, on how we are all related, and world-renowned violinist KumareshRajagopalan on the uplifting mysteries of music.
Dr. Prasad Veluthanar shares an Ayurvedic perspective on treating autism, Dr. IchakAdizes helps us navigate disagreements at work, Sravan Banda celebrates World Environment Day by sharing some tips on land restoration, and Sara Bubber tells our children another inspiring story and challenges them with some fun facts and riddles.
Happy reading,
The editors
Heartfulness Magazine - June 2024 (Volume 9, Issue 6)
Kanchipuram
1. List of temples in Kanchipuram 1
List of temples in Kanchipuram
Kanchipuram (Tamil: காஞ்சிபுரம்), or Kanchi or Kancheepuram, is a famous temple city in the Indian state of
Tamil Nadu. It served as the capital city of the Pallava Kingdom. It is also known by its former names
Kanchiampathi, Conjeevaram, and the nickname "The City of Thousand Temples" [1] It is now the Administrative
headquarters of Kanchipuram district. Kanchipuram is located 72 kilometers from Chennai, the capital city of the
southern state of Tamil Nadu, India.
Kanchipuram is considered one of the seven holiest cities to the Hindus of India. In Hinduism, a kṣetra is a sacred
ground, a field of active power, a place where moksha, final release can be obtained. The Garuda Purana enumerates
seven cities as providers of moksha, namely Ayodhya, Mathura, Haridwar, Varanasi, Avantikā, Dvārakā and
Kanchipuram.
List of Temples
Among the major Hindu temples in Kanchipuram are some of the most prominent Vishnu Temples and Shiva
Temples of Tamil Nadu like the Varadharaja Perumal Temple for Vishnu and the Ekambaranatha Temple which is
the "earth abode" of Shiva. Kamakshi Amman Temple, Kumara Kottam, Kachapeshwarar Temple, and the
Kailasanathar Temple are some of the other prominent temples.
* Divya desams - temples dedicated to Vishnu glorified in the Divya Prabandha, the early medieval Tamil literature
canon of the Alvar saints from the 6th–9th centuries CE.
* Padal petra stalam - where the three of the most revered Nayanars (Saivite Saints), Appar, Sundarar and
Tirugnana Sambandar have glorified the temples in Tevaram during 7th-8th century.
Name of the temple Photo Architecture/Timeline Notes/Beliefs
Shiva Temples
Ekambareswarar Temple 600 CE, Pallavas, The temple is the largest temple in the town of
Present structure - Kanchipuram and is located in the northern part of
Nayaks of Tanjore [2]
the town. The temple gopuram (gateway tower) is
59m tall, which is one the tallest gopurams in
[3]
India. It is one of the Pancha Bhoota Sthalams
representing earth (Sanskrit: पन्च भूत स्थल) referring to
[4]
the five temples, dedicated to Shiva, a Hindu god,
each representing the manifestation of the five prime
[5]
elements of nature- land, water, air, sky, fire.
Kailasanathar Temple
567CE foudation, The temple is the oldest Pallava temple still in
Expansion in 7th century existence and is declared an archeological monument
[6]
by Rajasimha Pallava by Archaeological Survey of India. The temple is
architecturally considered splendid and its plan is
peculiar in having a series of cells with sculptures
[6]
within.
2. List of temples in Kanchipuram 2
Karaithirunathar Temple
Kachi Metrali - [7]
Pallava dynasty, Vishnu is believed to have worshipped Shiva in the
Karchapeswarar Temple [6]
present structure by form of kurma (tortoise). The other name given to
[8] [6]
Vijayanagar rulers the temple is Kachipedu in some inscriptions. The
temple is adjacent to the Kanthakottam temple.
Onakanthan Tali Onakandan means the lover of the Sravana
[9]
constellation and Metrali refers to southern side.
Kachi Anekatangapadam The temple is believed to be in forest frequented by
[9]
large set of people. The temple is close to the
Kailasantha temple in a very small campus.
3. List of temples in Kanchipuram 3
Kuranganilmuttam [10]
Pallavas The temple is close to Mamandur, south of
Kanchipuram. The temple has a rock cut shrine of
Pallava origin associated with monkey, squirrel and
[10]
crow (kurangu, Anil and Mutram in Tamil). The
temple has been reverred by Campantar's
[10]
Tevaram.
Muktheeswarar Temple Nandivarman II The temple is in dilapidated state and has inscriptions
dating back to the Pallava period. The sculpture in
[9]
front mandapa (hall) has bold outlines.
Tiru Maakaral The temple is reverred by Campantar in Tevaram
hymns. The places has two Jain images pointing to
[11]
the original existence of Jainism in the area.
Tiruvothur The place was originally a Jain temple and was later
obtained by Saivas after Campantar performed
miracles to yield a palmya tree. Palmya tree is
sculpted in the temple. The temple is reverred by
Campantar in Tevaram hymns.
Panankattur
Vazhakarutheeswarar Vazhakku indicates case - worship in this temple is
Temple [12]
believed to relieve people of all their litigations.
The temple attained significance when Vasanthi
Stanli, a DMK party functionary prayed for
Kanimozhi (the daughter of ex-chief minister of
Tamil Nadu, Karunanidhi and accused in 2G
spectrum case), offered special worship to relieve her
[12]
of trial of 2G spectrum scam.
Iravatanesvara Temple, Pallavas, 8th century CE It is famous for its splendid vimana and the circular
Kanchipuram [13]
sanctum. This temple was built by Pallava King
Narasimhavarman II (Rajasimhan). The temple is
maintained by Archaeological Survey of India and is
[14]
a protected monument.
Shakti Temples
4. List of temples in Kanchipuram 4
Kamakshi Amman Temple Pallavas in 6th century The goddess is depicted in the form of an yantra.
and modified in Chakra or peetam (basement) is where the deity
[15]
14th-17th century placed. But in this temple, the yantra is placed in
[16]
front of the deity. Adi Sankara is closely
associated with this temple and believed to have
established the Kanchi matha after this temple. The
mutt's official history states that it was founded by
Adi Sankara of Kaladi, and that His Holiness
Jayendra Saraswati Swami is the current pontiff -
The 69th head in succession, tracing its history back
[17]
to the fifth century BCE. A related claim is that
Adi Sankara came to Kanchipuram, and that he
established the Kanchi mutt named "Dakshina
Moolamnaya Sarvagnya Sri Kanchi Kamakoti
Peetam" in a position of supremacy (Sarvagnya
Peetha) over the other mathas of the subcontinent,
before his death there.
Other Hindu Temples
Kumarakottam The temple is dedicated to Muruga (called Skanda),
the son of Shiva and Parvathi and is located between
the Ekambareswarar temple and Kamakshi Amman
temple leading to the cult of Somaskanda (Skanda,
the child between Shiva and Parvathi). The temple is
the birth place of Kandapuranam, the Tamil religious
work on Muruga translated from Sanskrit
Skandapurana in 1625 CE by Kachiappa
[8]
Shivacharya.
Chitragupta Temple Cholas - 9th century Chitragupta, as per Hinduism is the younger brother
[18][19]
CE of Yama, the death god, who keeps track of good and
bad deeds of humanbeings to decide their residence
[19]
in heaven or hell. The temple is just one of its
[19]
kind that has a separate temple for Chitragupta.
The panchaloha (alloy made of five elements) idol of
the deity and his consort was found during an
[19]
excavation process during 1911 CE.
Jain Temples
Thiruparruthikundram - 9th Century CE, Trilokyanatha/Chandraprabha temple is a twin jain
Jain Temple [7]
Pallavas temple having inscriptions from Pallava king,
Narasimhavarman II and the Chola kings Rajendra
Chola I, Kulothunga Chola I and Vikrama Chola, and
the Kanarese inscriptions of Krishnadevaraya. The
temple is maintained by Tamil Nadu archaeological
[20]
department.
Vishnu Temples
5. List of temples in Kanchipuram 5
Varadharaja Perumal 1053 CE, Cholas, Varadharaja Perumal Temple was originally built by
Temple present structure 14-15 [21]
the Cholas in 1053 and it was expanded during
century, Nayaks of the reigns of the great Chola kings Kulottunga Chola
Tanjore I and Vikrama Chola. In the 14th century another
wall and a gopura was built by the later Chola kings.
It is an ancient temple and one of the 108
divyadesams, the holy abodes of Vishnu. It is located
in part of Kanchipuram called the Vishnu Kanchi that
is a home for a lot of famous Vishnu temples,
including this one. Varadharaja Perumal Temple is a
huge one on a 23-acre (unknown operator:
u'strong' m2) complex and shows the architectural
skills of ancient vishwakarma sthapathis in temple
architecture and is famous for its holiness and ancient
history. Another significant thing about the temple
are beautiful carved lizards and platted with gold,
[22]
over the sanctum.
Ashtabujakaram - Sri The deity is with eight hands and hence called asta
Adhikesava Perumal bhujakaram.
Temple
Tiruvekkaa - Sri The deity here is termed "Sonna vannam seitha
Yathothkari Temple Perumal" meaning the truth sayer. It lies west of
[23]
Varadaraja Perumal temple.
Tiruththanka - Sri Deepa There are shrines for Lakshmi Hayagriva, Andal,
prakasa Perumal Temple Vedanta Desika and Alwars. It is the birth place of
Vedanta Desika. There is a separate shrine for
Hayagreeva along with Vedanta Desika.
6. List of temples in Kanchipuram 6
Tiruvelukkai - Sri Azhagiya The temple is known for the Narasimha (lion form)
Singar Temple avatar of Vishnu.
Tirukalvanoor - Sri Adi The temple is a small shrine inside the
Varaha Swami Temple Ekambareswarar temple precinct.
Tiruoorakam - Sri 846-869 CE, The temple is believed to have stood in Karikala
Ulagalantha Swami Temple [24]
Nandivarman III hall, after ancient Chola king Karikala.
Inscriptions indicate the existence of the hall in
[25]
olden days. All the four temples are enshrined
Tiruneeragam - Sri [23]
in the same complex.
Jagadeeshwarar Temple
Tirukaaragam - Sri
Karunagara Perumal
Temple
Tirukaarvaanam - Sri
Tirukaarvarnar Temple
Tiruparamechura Late 8th century, The place is the birth place of the azhwar saint,
Vinnagaram - Sri Vaikunda [26] [26]
Nandivarman II Poigai Alvar. The central shrine has tiers of 3
Perumal Temple shrines, one over the other, with Vishnu depicted in
[26]
each of them. The prakaram (corridors round the
sanctum) has series of sculptures depicting the
[26]
Pallava rule and conquer.
Tirupavalavannam - Sri The temple faces west and the twin aswins have
Pavala Vanar Temple [23]
worshipped the deity here.
7. List of temples in Kanchipuram 7
Tirupaadagam - Sri Expanded in 1070-1120 The temple has a set of inscriptions associated with
Pandava Thoodar Temple CE, Kulothunga Chola Cholas. A record of the Chola king, Rajakesari
[18][25]
I Varaman alais Kulothunga Chola I, dated in his fifth
[25]
year.
Tirunilaaththingalthundam The temple is a small shrine close to the sanctum
- Sri Nilathingal sanctorum of the Kamkshi Amman temple.
Thundathan Perumal
Temple
Tirupputkuzhi - Sri Vijaya
Raghava Perumal Temple
Other Temples
Parithiyur- Kalyana
Varadharaja Perumal
Temple
Sri Aadhi Kesava Perumal -
Kooran [about 8 to 9 km
from Kanchipuram]
Vamanar temple (very near
to Kamakshi Temple)
Dhrmalingeswarar Temple
(Kayaar Kulam)
Neervalur - Sri Veetrirunda
Lakshmi Narayana Perumal
Temple
Sangupani Vinayakar
Temple
Satyanadeeswara Temple
Kanaka Durga Temple,
Koneri Kuppam
8. List of temples in Kanchipuram 8
Notes
[1] "Tourist Places" (http:/ / www. kanchi. tn. nic. in/ tourism place. html). Government of Tamil Nadu. 2001. .
[2] Let's Go 2004, p. 584
[3] Sajnani 2001, pp. 305
[4] Ramaswamy 2007 , pp. 301-302
[5] A dictionary, Canarese and EnglishWilliam Reeve, Daniel Sanderson
[6] Ayyar 1991, pp. 73
[7] "Tmple" (http:/ / www. kanchi. tn. nic. in/ temples. htm). 2001. .
[8] Rao 2008, p. 110
[9] Ayyar 1991. p. 86
[10] Soundara Rajan 2001, p. 27
[11] K. R. 2002, p. 40
[12] "DMK distances itself from poojas for Kanimozhi by Party MP" (http:/ / news. chennaionline. com/ newsitem.
aspx?NEWSID=cdf0a348-00d9-4cae-a68f-7333b8f1e947& CATEGORYNAME=CHN). .
[13] Ayyar 1991, p. 74
[14] "List of protected monuments in Tamil Nadu maintained by ASI" (http:/ / asi. nic. in/ asi_monu_alphalist_tamilnadu. asp). .
[15] Abram 2011, pp. 456
[16] Ayyar 1991, pp. 70-71
[17] "Kamakoti.org" (http:/ / www. kamakoti. org/ peeth/ origin. html). .
[18] Rao 2008, p. 111
[19] "The Hindu : Shrine for Chitragupta" (http:/ / www. hindu. com/ fr/ 2003/ 04/ 18/ stories/ 2003041801260800. htm). 2003. .
[20] "Deprived of original élan" (http:/ / www. thehindu. com/ arts/ history-and-culture/ article2128525. ece). 2011. .
[21] "Abodes of Vishnu - Thirukkachchi" (http:/ / www. indiantemples. com/ Tamilnadu/ df043. html). .
[22] "Gateway to Kanchipuram district - Varadaraja Temple" (http:/ / www. kanchi. tn. nic. in/ varadaraja. htm). .
[23] Ayyar 1991, p. 539
[24] Rao 2008, p. 109
[25] Ayyar 1991, p. 75
[26] Ayyar 1991, p. 80
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