July 2011, Scientific News
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This document discusses three main topics: 1) Pericytes, not glial cells, are the primary cells that form scar tissue after spinal cord injuries. Identifying pericytes could help repair spinal cord damage. 2) Increased stiffness in cancer cells activates proteins associated with cancer growth and metastasis. Manipulating cell stiffness could help stop cancer progression. 3) Applying mechanical force to cells activates cancer-linked proteins, revealing a potential pathway between physical tension and tumor formation. Further study may yield new cancer treatments.
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2) A team at the University of California, Davis found that new genes can arise from ancestral non-coding DNA sequences, which is occurring at a high rate across animals and plants. Random mutations can cause non-coding DNA to be transcribed, forming new genes over time through selection. Understanding how genomes change could inform future therapies.
The Opposing Viewpoint of Stem CellStem cell research explores t.docx
The Opposing Viewpoint of Stem Cell
Stem cell research explores the nature and growth capabilities of cells essential for ensuring replacement of cells in living organisms (Paddock, 2017). Such cells have an advantage of being manipulated to any type of cells as it is deemed necessary by the scientists based on scarcity or slow rejuvenation process of the natural cells. The general public has largely adopted a reserved approach to stem cell research and therapy despite the positive research and development showcased by leading scientists including;
· Jun Takahashi: he explored the safety and applicability of stem cell therapy in primates in relations to the Parkinson’s disease, recording a major success between the interaction of human cells and animals (Sandoiu). Furthermore, no long-term negative effect was established from the treatment that saw full recovery of the primates.
· Hai Nguyen, Aileen Anderson and colleagues: carried a similar exercise on injured mice to record tremendous success of the donor cells in a period ranging immediately after the induction process to at most one month (Society for Neuroscience. 2017).
· Scientists from the Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute in Los Angeles CA: highlighted the need for stem therapy in replacing aging heart muscles using rats (Paddock, 2017). The induced cells were able to grow and multiply thus repair the heart muscles of the older rats to improve the general body functioning.
Despite the breathtaking discoveries as tested and presented by these scientists, ethical concerns have prevailed to the dismay of an excited global scientists’ fraternity. The general public is cautious in its approach to stem cell therapy from various reasons ranging from the potential to cause cancer to how the media overrates the treatment process that still has critical gaps to full implementation (Begley, 2017). There are two major concerns that arise from the Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute research as reported by Paddock. The first concern as perceived by the layman defined as the general public is the fact the findings are based on animals other than human beings. This experiment was purely run on rodent tissue thus raising a legitimate query as to the consistency if replicated in humans. The second concern arises from Paddocks admission that the scientists proposed the need for further research to determine whether the findings are only valid when the donors are young (2017).
Since the same article admits the fact modern day medicine has seen prolonged life with a possibility of the elderly to exceed the children population, such a dependency on young donors may endanger the human species in the long run.
The excitement surrounding Stem Cell Research is magnified through mainstream media that often cares about moving volumes in sales rather than realistically highlight the caution or reservations pronounced by scientists. However, Sharon Begley is exemplary in her revelation of a high-risk gap in research that li ...
Stem Cell ResearchStem cells are cells that can grow and differe.docx
Stem Cell Research
Stem cells are cells that can grow and differentiate into other types of cells. These cells have great potential for the treatment of various disorders such as cancer or Parkinson’s disease where the body cannot regenerate healthy cells to cure the disease. Stem cell research has been going on for a long time, and there have been great breakthroughs in the research. One such breakthrough has been the use of stem cells in the rejuvenation of neural cells of monkeys suffering from Parkinson’s disease. Scientists have used induced pluripotent cells to form some types of brain cells that have been damaged by the disease. Parkinson’s disease is caused by the degeneration of specific brain cells that control motor functions and mood. Researchers have previously been able to restore motor functions in rats that have shown characteristic symptoms of Parkinson’s disease by using dopamine neurotransmitters grown from human induced pluripotent cells. In spite of this, there has not been any investigation on the long-term effects of the use of this practice on the primates.
Researchers from California have demonstrated that injecting stem cells taken from the hearts of newborn rats into older rats improved the latter’s cardiovascular function and capacity.
A study done by Jun Takahashi was done to evaluate the safety and applicability of the practice in primates. Human induced pluripotent cells were used to generate dopamine neurons which were transplanted into primates that had been induced to have the Parkinson’s disease. The primates showed increasing spontaneous increase in the motor cells after transplantation and complete functioning in the midbrain. There was no long-term effect of the cells on the primates after two years since no brain tumors were observed (Sandoiu, 2017). This information is critical as it has opened a gateway to the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. The study shows that once more research is done this could be a method to treat people suffering from the disease and will help to relieve human suffering. The study has unlocked one of the many possibilities of the use of stem cell research and will, therefore, earn it more favor and support from the public.
Human neural stem cells are derived via fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) from donated fetal brain tissue.
A study was done on mice by Hai Nguyen, Aileen Anderson and colleagues found that mice receiving stem cells grown from human brain tissue required the depletion of some types of immune cells to improve the motor skills of the mice. The donor cells survived equally when transplanted either immediately or after a month after the injury. Their location however continuously changed and this suggested that the cells were populating the spinal cord at different times after the injury and it affected the ability of the transplants to provide functional recovery of the motor skills (Society for Neuroscience. 2017). This means that the stem cells could .
Plegable
The document discusses recent discoveries about cell division and chromosomes that could help understand disorders like cancer. Researchers discovered the Ska complex of proteins that stabilize cell division by anchoring DNA to cell strands during division. Mistakes in this process can cause cancer. Scientists also used normal chromosomes to replace defective ring chromosomes in skin cells, correcting genetic disorders. Understanding these processes may enable new treatments for cancer and genetic disorders by controlling cell division and repairing chromosome defects.
Argumentative essay power point
Stem cell research offers potential benefits for treating diseases like cancer, neurological disorders, and skin damage. It may provide cures through cell replacement and regeneration of tissues. However, some argue that using embryonic stem cells is unethical as it involves destroying embryos. While opponents see no moral issue as embryos are just clusters of cells at early stages. Overall stem cell research promises progress but also debates around its application that require ethical guidelines.
Plegable molecular
The document discusses two scientific studies. The first study found that a specific stage in the cell cycle (G1 phase) being altered can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and cancer development when telomeres are shortened. The second study discovered that after a heart attack in zebrafish, muscle cells from the undamaged atrium migrated into the damaged ventricle and transformed into ventricular cells, helping regenerate the heart tissue and restore cardiac function.
Molecular biology
The document summarizes several studies on DNA replication and the molecular machinery involved. It describes how researchers used tools like molecular biology and biochemistry to slow down and "freeze" the replication process at intermediate steps. This allowed them to observe conformational changes in proteins like the origin recognition complex (ORC) as it recruits the helicase enzyme to unwind DNA. Cryo-electron microscopy was then used to capture 3D structures of the protein components and reveal how they interact during replication initiation. The studies provide new insights into this critical cellular process.
Folding
This document summarizes two scientific articles. The first article discusses how the condensin protein folds chromosome arms during cell division in yeast, helping prevent errors. The second article discusses how scientists identified molecular mechanisms behind DNA breakage, a hallmark of cancer cells, finding some DNA regions are more susceptible to damage and cancer results when repair mechanisms fail. The document discusses potential medical applications, like developing new treatments that target these molecules to help prevent genetic disorders and cancers.
Presentacion molecular
The document discusses advances in stem cell research and transplantation. It summarizes a study where stem cells were injected into mice with ALS, which improved their motor functions by 15%. The transplant of stem cells may be a future treatment for ALS and other diseases like heart failure and cancer. The document also discusses how hematopoietic stem cells are regulated in the body and protection of cells by selectin E, which could help treat cytopenia and damage from medical treatments or the environment.
DNA structure, chromosomes and reparation
Noticias acerca de cancer colorectal y nuevos enfoques terapeuticos desde biologia molecular y la inactivacion del cromosoma X.
Folding
The document discusses recent discoveries related to DNA and stem cells that are allowing for new therapeutic approaches to cancer management. Specifically, it discusses how discoveries of the protein MutL, which helps repair DNA errors, and how mutations in genes encoding DNA repair proteins can lead to cancers. It also discusses how researchers have identified a new stem cell signaling pathway that may help lower tumor risks in stem cell therapies by reducing formation of teratomas during stem cell differentiation.
The central-dogma-oh-genetic-information
The central dogma of genetics describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to proteins. Two articles discuss cancer-causing mechanisms related to this dogma. One found that the enzyme APOBEC3G can induce mutations during DNA replication that lead to cancer. The other identified that cancer cells rely on the protein SMARCAL1 to resolve replication stress and maintain telomere length through the ALT pathway. Further research is needed to identify targets of these carcinogenic processes to develop new treatment strategies.
Biology, genetics, nanotechnology, neuroscience, materials science, biotech, ...
Over the past two years I've done a lot of interesting research which I've decided to aggregate. My research pertains to the following: Biology, Genetics, Nanotechnology, Neuroscience, Materials Science, Biotechnology, Chemical Engineering, All Things 3-D, Super Computing, Quantum Physics, Energy, Design, & Sustainability.
PLEGABLE BIOLOGÍA MOLECULAR
BLOCKING CELLS MOVEMENT TO STOP SPREAD OF CANCER AND GENE DISCOVERED THAT ACTIVATES STEM CELLS FOR ORGAN REGENERATION IN PLANARIANS
Folding
The document discusses recent discoveries in DNA and stem cells that are enabling new cancer treatments. It describes how the protein MutL helps repair DNA errors, and how this relates to hereditary cancers. It also discusses how stem cell research is helping understand tumor risk from stem cell therapies by identifying pathways for stem cell self-propagation and differentiation. The discoveries provide opportunities to develop targeted cancer therapies and better understand genetic diseases and stem cell behavior.
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Essay on Embryonic Stem Cells Research
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Proteínas en Medicina
1) Researchers at Penn State used stem cells and a modified Wnt signaling pathway to generate epicardium and endocardium cells, which could help regenerate the layers of the human heart and improve quality of life for heart attack patients.
2) A rare and severe form of encephalitis called anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis attacks NMDA receptors in the brain; a new treatment using the drug Bortezomib was found to successfully reduce antibodies and symptoms by inhibiting proteasomes.
3) Advances in regenerating heart cells and treating difficult diseases bring hope and move humanity forward as medical solutions are found for problems that were previously intractable.
Sample 5 - Lillian Boodaghians - Undergraduate Science Journal - News Brief -...
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2. A new technique successfully grew functional lab-grown kidneys in rats by stripping cells from old kidneys and seeding the extracellular matrix with new healthy cells. This technique could help the many people awaiting kidney transplants by generating personalized organs without immunosuppression.
3. A study analyzing initial and recurrent glioma tumors found that recurrent tumors are seeded from cells of
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July 2011, Scientific News
- 1. Daniela Castano Correa Medical Student
- 8. Thanks to this study, scientists can now concentrate on these specific cells to attempt to find different ways to repair the nerve system in the case of paralysis, which is unknown today. In addition, this study demonstrates how theories and concepts once believed can change at any moment, which causes studies to shift their direction to obtain results.
- 13. In my opinion, this study takes scientists one step closer to identifying specific characteristics in cells linked to cancer, one the main causes of worldwide mortality. Today, cancer treatments are not 100% effective. This study can lead to the discovery of cancer impediment, in this case, perhaps targeting cells that have a stiffer matrix to stop the cycle that allows tumor growth in order to stop cancer at an early stage.