The document discusses recent discoveries about cell division and chromosomes that could help understand disorders like cancer. Researchers discovered the Ska complex of proteins that stabilize cell division by anchoring DNA to cell strands during division. Mistakes in this process can cause cancer. Scientists also used normal chromosomes to replace defective ring chromosomes in skin cells, correcting genetic disorders. Understanding these processes may enable new treatments for cancer and genetic disorders by controlling cell division and repairing chromosome defects.

1. Cell division, cancer and
chromosome therapy to
correct chromosome
defects.
Simón Hoyos Patiño
Medicine Student.

3. FOLDING

4. New findings on how the cells in
our bodies are able to renew
themselves could aid our
understanding of health disorders,
including cancer.
Scientists are investigating to
correct some mutations in the
DNA, like used cells to correct a
defective “ring chromosome” with a
normal chromosome.

5. Cell Division
Discovery Could
Offer Fresh
Insight Into
Cancer
(Science daily Jan 14,
2014)

6. Researchers have discovered
a group of proteins, that
stabilise the process of
celullar division.
Mistakes in this delicate event
can lead to disorders in the
human body, like cancer.

7. This proteins, known as the
Ska complex, help anchor
DNA, the form of
chromosomes, by interacting
with strands of cell material.
Chromosomes keeps bound
to these strands in the
division, in a process that
helps distribute DNA
correctly to the daughter
cells.

8. 
The determination of the structure
of the Ska complex showed how
this proteins attaches to the
strands, helping to bind the DNA.

The authors said that this discover
represent a key in resolving the
mystery of how these important
proteins enable new cells to
separate properly and equally, this
is an essential process for life

9. This important process, will be a line for more researchers
to investigate, because knowing more about this proteins,
we can have an idea of how the cell divide and keeps our
organs working well. It’s important to increase the
investigation in this topic , because it can be the answer for
a lot of questions

11. Individuals with ring chromosomes
may display a variety of birth
defects, but nearly all persons with
ring chromosomes at least display
short stature due to problems with
cell division.
In the ring chromosomes, the two
ends of the chromosome fuse
together, forming a circle

12. The fusion can be associated with large terminal
deletions, These deletions can result in disabling
genetic disorders if the genes in the deletion are
necessary for normal cellular functions.

13. 
The scientists studied skin cells from three patients with
abnormal brain development, they have large terminal
deletions in one arm of the chromosome 17, one of these
patients had a ring chromosome, and all of they had a
normal chromosome.

The researchers observed that, after reprogramming, the
ring chromosome 17 that had the deletion, it disappear and
was replaced by a duplicated copy of the normal
chromosome 17

14. 
Apparently the ring
chromosomes vanished
entirely during rapid and
continuous cell division during
reprogramming.

The division of the normal
choromosome correct the lost.

15. This enormous research tell us that in the future,
with more investigations we will take damaged
chromosomes and replaced it , this can be the cure
for a lot of genetic disorders. The problem is that
this discover doesn’t works in human being for
now, so it´s necessary to improve this techniques
to apply to the human body.

17. With the Ska complex we can have an idea of a
pharmacological treatment to fight with some cancers, or
improve in genetic engineering.
This knowledge can be a skyline to repair organs,
because if we know how the cells renew themselves we
can also try to induce that process and repair damages
in the body tissues.

18. we can also repair tissues of birth defects, and
improve the life of a lot of people that birth with
abnormalities granting a better life.

19. Altought ring chromosomes are not so common,
genetic disorders have been increasing every
year, so this is a line to focus future investigations
to fight with this problems.

20. 1.
Passarge, Everhard. 2007. genética texto y atlas. Tercera edición. Madrid,
España. Editorial médica panaméricana. Pp: 179, 203, 451.
2. Martínez Sánchez, Lina María; Vargas Grisales, Natalia; Toro Montoya,
Andrés Eduardo; Pamplona Sierra, Ana Paulina; Orrego Quevedo, Esteban.
2013. Biología molécular, libro de clase. Séptima edición. Medellín,
Colombia. Editorial UPB. Pp: 47-74
3. Case Western Reserve University. "Study discovers chromosome therapy to
correct severe chromosome defect." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 13
January 2014.
<www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/01/140113100207.htm>
4. University of Edinburgh. "Cell division discovery could offer fresh insight into
cancer." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 14 January 2014.
<www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/01/140114103013.htm>