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DIPLOMA IN DIGITAL ANIMATION 
DNM 115 – COLOR STUDIES 
NAME : LEE XIN HUI 
ID : 2014050038 
COURSE : NMG1 
PREPARED FOR MR SYAFIQ HARIZ
Contents 
1. WHAT IS COLOR ? 
1.1 Introduction 
1.2 History 
1.3 Color Theory 
2. COLOR PROPERTIES 
2.1 Primary Color 
2.2 Secondary Color 
2.3 Tertiary Color 
2.4 Color Wheel 
3. COLOR HARMONY 
3.1 Analogous 
3.2 Complementary 
3.3 Split Complementary 
3.4 Triad 
3.5 Tetrad 
4. ACHROMATIC & MONOCHROMATIC 
4.1 Shade 
4.2 Tone 
4.3 Tint 
5. COLOR TEMPERATURE 
5.1 Warm Color 
5.2 Cool Color 
6. COLOR PSYCHOLOGY 
6.1 What is Color Psychology ? 
6.2 The Psychological Effects of Color 
6.3 Color Psychology as Therapy 
6.4 Color Meaning & Symbolism 
6.5 What is color good for ? 
7. REFERENCES 
7.1 Websites 
7.2 Book 
8. RATIONALE 
8.1 My Artwork
What Is Color ? 
Introduction 
Due to the light,people can see objects and distinguish the colour.The light 
that human eye can recognize is called visible light.Visible light is an 
electromagnetic wave,but the electromagnetic wave is only a small section of 
the range. 
Light is a wave that having a wavelength,frequency and speed properties.The 
different wavelengths of the electromagnetic performs the human eyes to be a 
different colour,which is a human optic light for electromagnetic radiation 
stimuli.Everyone might feel different through light of colours,for example,some 
might be unable to differentiate red and green.At the same time,the 
differentiation of colour is related to the environment where people 
located.Example : People will see that there is different colour of an object in 
day and night. 
So colour is a cognition of people. 
History 
Issac Newton passed a beam of sunlight through a prism.He found that when 
the light came out of the prism,it was not white but was seven different 
colours.The spreading into rays was called dispersion and the different 
coloured rays as the spectrum by Newton. 
He learnt that when the light rays were passed again through a prism,the rays 
turned back into white light.But if only one ray was passed through the prism it 
would come out the same colour as it went in.Newton concluded that white 
light was made up of seven different coloured rays. 
Color Theory 
Color Theory is a principles that used to create harmonious color 
combinations.There are three basic categories of color theory that are logical 
and useful : The color wheel, color harmony, and the context of how colors 
are used.
Color Properties 
Colour Wheel 
Color wheel is a visual representation of the primary colors 
red, yellow and blue.It also shows how they are combined 
to produce other visible colors. 
Color wheel can help people understand the relationship 
between art and design and planning for the color between 
the. Note that there is no black and white on the color 
wheel. 
Primary Color 
A primary color is a color that cannot be made from a combination 
of any other colors.They are colours in their own right. 
Primary Colour : 
RED 
BLUE 
YELLOW 
Secondary Color 
There are three secondary colors. These colors are made by 
mixing two primary colors. On the color wheel, the secondary color 
is located between the two colors that generate secondary colors. 
Secondary Colour : 
RED + BLUE = VIOLET 
RED + YELLOW = ORANGE 
BLUE + YELLOW = GREEN 
Tertiary Colour 
These are the colors formed by mixing a primary and a secondary color. 
Tertiary Colour : 
Red + Violet = Red Violet 
Red + Orange = Red Orange 
Blue + Violet = Blue Violet 
Blue + Green = Blue Green 
Yellow + Green = Yellow Green 
Yellow + Orange = Yellow Orange
Colour Harmony 
Color Harmony is creating relationships between colors. In visual experiences, 
harmony is something that is pleasing to the eye. 
Analogous 
Analogous color schemes use colors that are next to each 
other on the color wheel. They usually match well and 
create serene and comfortable designs. 
BLUE + VIOLET + BLUE VIOLET 
Complementary 
Complementary colors are those colors that are opposite 
one another on the color wheel.These opposing colors 
create maximum contrast and maximum stability. 
YELLOW GREEN + RED VIOLET 
Split Complementary 
The split-complementary color scheme is a variation of the 
complementary color scheme. It uses the two colors 
adjacent to its complement.This color scheme has the same 
strong visual contrast as the complementary color scheme, 
but has less tension. 
RED + YELLOW GREEN + BLUE GREEN 
Triad 
A triadic color scheme uses colors that are evenly spaced 
around the color wheel. Any three colors equidistant around 
the color wheel form a triad and can be used in this color 
scheme 
BLUE + YELLOW + RED
Tetrad 
A tetradic color scheme is one using four or more colors on the 
color wheel. 
BLUE + GREEN + RED + YELLOW 
Achromatic & Monochromatic 
Achromatic Color 
Achromatic means without color.All neutral tones are from pure 
white, the shades of pure grey to pure black are achromatic, 
but they are not properlycalled colors. 
Monochromatic Color 
Monochromatic color schemes are come from a single base 
hue and extended using its shades, tones and tints. 
 Tints 
Add more white on the pure color to get lighter color 
 Tones 
Add grey color to get either darker or lighter color 
than the original hue 
 Shades 
Add more black on the pure color to get darker color.
Color Temperature 
Color temperature can describe the overall color range in a composition,can 
compare the relationship between two colors, or describe the difference 
between two similar hues. Color temperature can be used for emotional effect, 
or set up the lighting of environment of a scene. 
Warm Color 
Warm colors include red, orange, and yellow, and variations of those three 
colors. These are the colors of fire, of fall leaves, and of sunsets and sunrises, 
and are generally energizing, passionate, and positive. 
Cool Color 
Cool colors include green, blue, and purple, are often more subdued than 
warm colors. They are the colors of night, of water, of nature, and are usually 
calming, relaxing, and somewhat reserved.It gives a sense of coolness, cold, 
or stillness.
Color Psychology 
What is Color Psychology ? 
The psychology of color is based on the mental and emotional effects colors 
have on sighted people in all facets of life. There are some very subjective 
pieces to color psychology as well as some more accepted and proven 
elements.There will also be variations in interpretation, meaning, and 
perception between different cultures. 
The Psychological Effects of Color 
While perceptions of color are somewhat subjective, there are some color 
effects that have universal meaning. Colors in the red area are known as 
warm colors,example red,orange,yellow. These warm colors evoke emotions 
ranging from feelings of warmth and comfort to feelings of anger and hostility. 
Colors on the blue side are known as cool colors and include blue, purple and 
green. These colors are often described as calm, but can also call to mind 
feelings of sadness or indifference. 
Color Psychology as Therapy 
Colour therapy ,has been around since ancient times.In a therapeutic 
aspect ,it is used to balanced an individual where energy is lacking,whether it 
is an emotional,spiritual,physical,or mental problem. 
In this treatment: 
 Red was used to stimulate the body and mind and to increase circulation. 
 Yellow was thought to stimulate the nerves and purify the body. 
 Orange was used to heal the lungs and to increase energy levels. 
 Blue was believed to soothe illnesses and treat pain. 
 Indigo shades were thought to alleviate skin problems. 
Color Meaning & Symbolism 
Red is the color of fire and blood, so it is associated with energy, war, danger, 
strength, power,luck,hate, determination as well as passion, desire, and love. 
Orange is the color of social communication,optimism and balance. From a 
negative color meaning it is also a sign of pessimism and superficiality. 
Yellow is the color of sunshine. It's associated with joy, happiness, hope, 
intellect, and energy.
Green is the color of nature. It symbolizes growth, harmony, freshness, and 
fertility. Green has strong emotional correspondence with safety. Dark green 
is also commonly associated with money. 
Blue is the color of the sky and sea. It is often associated with depth and 
stability. It symbolizes trust, loyalty,peace,confidence, wisdom, confidence, 
intelligence, faith, truth, and heaven. 
Purple is associated with royalty. It symbolizes power, nobility, luxury, and 
ambition. It conveys wealth and extravagance. Purple is associated with 
wisdom, dignity, independence, creativity, mystery, and magic. 
White is associated with light, goodness, innocence, purity, and virginity. 
White means safety, purity,snow,peace and cleanliness. White usually has a 
positive connotation. White can represent a successful beginning. In heraldry, 
white depicts faith and purity. 
Black is associated with power, elegance, formality, death, evil, and 
mystery.Black is a mysterious color associated with fear and the unknown. It 
usually has a negative connotation .Black denotes strength and authority; it is 
considered to be a very formal, elegant, and prestigious color 
What is color good for ? 
Color provide many benefit to us.It makes our live colourful.We can 
communicate our mood using colors.We can also use colors to 
symbolism.Color also can improve object recognition. 
It also can attracts the attention and it works for creating aesthetic and 
emotional appeal.
References 
http://www.colourtherapyhealing.com/colour/colour_history.php 
http://www.color-wheel-pro.com/color-theory-basics.html 
http://www.colormatters.com/color-and-design/basic-color-theory 
http://www.worqx.com/color/color_wheel.htm 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monochromatic_color 
http://www.craftsy.com/blog/2013/05/hues-tints-tones-and-shades/ 
http://www.tigercolor.com/color-lab/color-theory/color-harmonies.htm 
http://11eleven-life.blogspot.com/2011/01/psychological-effects-of-colors.html 
http://archive.csustan.edu/OIT/webServices/SupportResources/PsychofColor.html 
http://www.incredibleart.org/lessons/middle/color2.htm 
http://www.color-wheel-pro.com/color-meaning.html
My Final 
Project
My artwork shows two girls floating in universe. A girl is crying, feels very sad, 
painful, helpless and There's another girl who is smiling, feels shine, happy. 
Both of them are representing the of true feeling of my personality . 
For the background, I color it like universe as it means imagination is infinity. I 
used black, indigo, violet, and dark green color as my background . Black 
means mysterious ,fear. Every people have their own secret, a secret makes 
a people looks more mysterious. Indigo color represent the depressed 
emotion of myself and this color will also deepen this mood. For the violet 
color,it is imagination and inspiration that are important for an art student or a 
designer.I use little bit of dark green color as it represent jealousy . 
I use red and yellow to color the smiling girl.It shows my personality of 
happiness, energy, shine and friendliness.The sad girl is color with black and 
indigo color.It shows my negative emotional of feeling alone, fear. There is a 
red color rope tie on their legs. It means love yourself. 
At last, I use white to make some effect of stars.It means safety and simple. 
These seven colors reflect seven different of my real personality.

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Journal

  • 1. DIPLOMA IN DIGITAL ANIMATION DNM 115 – COLOR STUDIES NAME : LEE XIN HUI ID : 2014050038 COURSE : NMG1 PREPARED FOR MR SYAFIQ HARIZ
  • 2. Contents 1. WHAT IS COLOR ? 1.1 Introduction 1.2 History 1.3 Color Theory 2. COLOR PROPERTIES 2.1 Primary Color 2.2 Secondary Color 2.3 Tertiary Color 2.4 Color Wheel 3. COLOR HARMONY 3.1 Analogous 3.2 Complementary 3.3 Split Complementary 3.4 Triad 3.5 Tetrad 4. ACHROMATIC & MONOCHROMATIC 4.1 Shade 4.2 Tone 4.3 Tint 5. COLOR TEMPERATURE 5.1 Warm Color 5.2 Cool Color 6. COLOR PSYCHOLOGY 6.1 What is Color Psychology ? 6.2 The Psychological Effects of Color 6.3 Color Psychology as Therapy 6.4 Color Meaning & Symbolism 6.5 What is color good for ? 7. REFERENCES 7.1 Websites 7.2 Book 8. RATIONALE 8.1 My Artwork
  • 3. What Is Color ? Introduction Due to the light,people can see objects and distinguish the colour.The light that human eye can recognize is called visible light.Visible light is an electromagnetic wave,but the electromagnetic wave is only a small section of the range. Light is a wave that having a wavelength,frequency and speed properties.The different wavelengths of the electromagnetic performs the human eyes to be a different colour,which is a human optic light for electromagnetic radiation stimuli.Everyone might feel different through light of colours,for example,some might be unable to differentiate red and green.At the same time,the differentiation of colour is related to the environment where people located.Example : People will see that there is different colour of an object in day and night. So colour is a cognition of people. History Issac Newton passed a beam of sunlight through a prism.He found that when the light came out of the prism,it was not white but was seven different colours.The spreading into rays was called dispersion and the different coloured rays as the spectrum by Newton. He learnt that when the light rays were passed again through a prism,the rays turned back into white light.But if only one ray was passed through the prism it would come out the same colour as it went in.Newton concluded that white light was made up of seven different coloured rays. Color Theory Color Theory is a principles that used to create harmonious color combinations.There are three basic categories of color theory that are logical and useful : The color wheel, color harmony, and the context of how colors are used.
  • 4. Color Properties Colour Wheel Color wheel is a visual representation of the primary colors red, yellow and blue.It also shows how they are combined to produce other visible colors. Color wheel can help people understand the relationship between art and design and planning for the color between the. Note that there is no black and white on the color wheel. Primary Color A primary color is a color that cannot be made from a combination of any other colors.They are colours in their own right. Primary Colour : RED BLUE YELLOW Secondary Color There are three secondary colors. These colors are made by mixing two primary colors. On the color wheel, the secondary color is located between the two colors that generate secondary colors. Secondary Colour : RED + BLUE = VIOLET RED + YELLOW = ORANGE BLUE + YELLOW = GREEN Tertiary Colour These are the colors formed by mixing a primary and a secondary color. Tertiary Colour : Red + Violet = Red Violet Red + Orange = Red Orange Blue + Violet = Blue Violet Blue + Green = Blue Green Yellow + Green = Yellow Green Yellow + Orange = Yellow Orange
  • 5. Colour Harmony Color Harmony is creating relationships between colors. In visual experiences, harmony is something that is pleasing to the eye. Analogous Analogous color schemes use colors that are next to each other on the color wheel. They usually match well and create serene and comfortable designs. BLUE + VIOLET + BLUE VIOLET Complementary Complementary colors are those colors that are opposite one another on the color wheel.These opposing colors create maximum contrast and maximum stability. YELLOW GREEN + RED VIOLET Split Complementary The split-complementary color scheme is a variation of the complementary color scheme. It uses the two colors adjacent to its complement.This color scheme has the same strong visual contrast as the complementary color scheme, but has less tension. RED + YELLOW GREEN + BLUE GREEN Triad A triadic color scheme uses colors that are evenly spaced around the color wheel. Any three colors equidistant around the color wheel form a triad and can be used in this color scheme BLUE + YELLOW + RED
  • 6. Tetrad A tetradic color scheme is one using four or more colors on the color wheel. BLUE + GREEN + RED + YELLOW Achromatic & Monochromatic Achromatic Color Achromatic means without color.All neutral tones are from pure white, the shades of pure grey to pure black are achromatic, but they are not properlycalled colors. Monochromatic Color Monochromatic color schemes are come from a single base hue and extended using its shades, tones and tints.  Tints Add more white on the pure color to get lighter color  Tones Add grey color to get either darker or lighter color than the original hue  Shades Add more black on the pure color to get darker color.
  • 7. Color Temperature Color temperature can describe the overall color range in a composition,can compare the relationship between two colors, or describe the difference between two similar hues. Color temperature can be used for emotional effect, or set up the lighting of environment of a scene. Warm Color Warm colors include red, orange, and yellow, and variations of those three colors. These are the colors of fire, of fall leaves, and of sunsets and sunrises, and are generally energizing, passionate, and positive. Cool Color Cool colors include green, blue, and purple, are often more subdued than warm colors. They are the colors of night, of water, of nature, and are usually calming, relaxing, and somewhat reserved.It gives a sense of coolness, cold, or stillness.
  • 8. Color Psychology What is Color Psychology ? The psychology of color is based on the mental and emotional effects colors have on sighted people in all facets of life. There are some very subjective pieces to color psychology as well as some more accepted and proven elements.There will also be variations in interpretation, meaning, and perception between different cultures. The Psychological Effects of Color While perceptions of color are somewhat subjective, there are some color effects that have universal meaning. Colors in the red area are known as warm colors,example red,orange,yellow. These warm colors evoke emotions ranging from feelings of warmth and comfort to feelings of anger and hostility. Colors on the blue side are known as cool colors and include blue, purple and green. These colors are often described as calm, but can also call to mind feelings of sadness or indifference. Color Psychology as Therapy Colour therapy ,has been around since ancient times.In a therapeutic aspect ,it is used to balanced an individual where energy is lacking,whether it is an emotional,spiritual,physical,or mental problem. In this treatment:  Red was used to stimulate the body and mind and to increase circulation.  Yellow was thought to stimulate the nerves and purify the body.  Orange was used to heal the lungs and to increase energy levels.  Blue was believed to soothe illnesses and treat pain.  Indigo shades were thought to alleviate skin problems. Color Meaning & Symbolism Red is the color of fire and blood, so it is associated with energy, war, danger, strength, power,luck,hate, determination as well as passion, desire, and love. Orange is the color of social communication,optimism and balance. From a negative color meaning it is also a sign of pessimism and superficiality. Yellow is the color of sunshine. It's associated with joy, happiness, hope, intellect, and energy.
  • 9. Green is the color of nature. It symbolizes growth, harmony, freshness, and fertility. Green has strong emotional correspondence with safety. Dark green is also commonly associated with money. Blue is the color of the sky and sea. It is often associated with depth and stability. It symbolizes trust, loyalty,peace,confidence, wisdom, confidence, intelligence, faith, truth, and heaven. Purple is associated with royalty. It symbolizes power, nobility, luxury, and ambition. It conveys wealth and extravagance. Purple is associated with wisdom, dignity, independence, creativity, mystery, and magic. White is associated with light, goodness, innocence, purity, and virginity. White means safety, purity,snow,peace and cleanliness. White usually has a positive connotation. White can represent a successful beginning. In heraldry, white depicts faith and purity. Black is associated with power, elegance, formality, death, evil, and mystery.Black is a mysterious color associated with fear and the unknown. It usually has a negative connotation .Black denotes strength and authority; it is considered to be a very formal, elegant, and prestigious color What is color good for ? Color provide many benefit to us.It makes our live colourful.We can communicate our mood using colors.We can also use colors to symbolism.Color also can improve object recognition. It also can attracts the attention and it works for creating aesthetic and emotional appeal.
  • 10. References http://www.colourtherapyhealing.com/colour/colour_history.php http://www.color-wheel-pro.com/color-theory-basics.html http://www.colormatters.com/color-and-design/basic-color-theory http://www.worqx.com/color/color_wheel.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monochromatic_color http://www.craftsy.com/blog/2013/05/hues-tints-tones-and-shades/ http://www.tigercolor.com/color-lab/color-theory/color-harmonies.htm http://11eleven-life.blogspot.com/2011/01/psychological-effects-of-colors.html http://archive.csustan.edu/OIT/webServices/SupportResources/PsychofColor.html http://www.incredibleart.org/lessons/middle/color2.htm http://www.color-wheel-pro.com/color-meaning.html
  • 12. My artwork shows two girls floating in universe. A girl is crying, feels very sad, painful, helpless and There's another girl who is smiling, feels shine, happy. Both of them are representing the of true feeling of my personality . For the background, I color it like universe as it means imagination is infinity. I used black, indigo, violet, and dark green color as my background . Black means mysterious ,fear. Every people have their own secret, a secret makes a people looks more mysterious. Indigo color represent the depressed emotion of myself and this color will also deepen this mood. For the violet color,it is imagination and inspiration that are important for an art student or a designer.I use little bit of dark green color as it represent jealousy . I use red and yellow to color the smiling girl.It shows my personality of happiness, energy, shine and friendliness.The sad girl is color with black and indigo color.It shows my negative emotional of feeling alone, fear. There is a red color rope tie on their legs. It means love yourself. At last, I use white to make some effect of stars.It means safety and simple. These seven colors reflect seven different of my real personality.