Jellyfish
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There are over 2000 types of jellyfish found in Earth's oceans and seas. Most jellyfish have radial symmetry and move by pulsing their bodies through contraction and expansion, allowing them to swim without a brain or heart. They feed on small fish, plankton, and other jellyfish by stinging their prey and drawing them inside their tentacles. Jellyfish reproduce both sexually and asexually, with fertilized eggs developing into larvae that can produce more jellyfish.
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The document discusses cnidarians and sponges. Cnidarians include jellyfish, corals, sea anemones and have radial symmetry. Sponges are the simplest multi-cellular animals and lack tissues and organs. Both cnidarians and sponges are early branching animals that first appeared over 600 million years ago. The document provides details on the characteristics, life cycles, and examples of different cnidarian and sponge species.
Lauren.Sea Mammals
These sea mammals include over 120 species that transport themselves by swimming and moving their spines and tails. They eat various fish, squid, and other sea life. Marine biologists study their diets by analyzing scat. Sea mammals reproduce sexually and have adapted to live in water, with features like layers of blubber and abilities to hold their breath for long periods.
Lauren.Sea Mammals
These sea mammals include over 120 species that transport themselves by swimming and moving their spines and tails. They eat various fish, squid, and other sea life. Marine biologists study their diets by analyzing scat. Sea mammals reproduce sexually and have adapted to live in water, with features like layers of blubber and abilities to hold their breath for long periods.
U nit 6 vertebrates (1)
This document provides an overview of vertebrates, including their key characteristics and how they are classified. It discusses the main groups of vertebrates - fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. For each group, it describes physical features, temperature regulation, reproduction methods, and examples of common types. The largest sections are devoted to fish, amphibians, and reptiles, explaining their distinguishing attributes and subgroups in detail.
Sea wasp
The Box jellyfish lives in northern Australia and New Guinea, found both deep in the ocean and near coral reefs. It is a skilled hunter with 24 eyes that help it hunt, though only 16 can detect light. Most have a clear body with white stingers, and a box-shaped bell rather than a dome. Their conservation status is unknown but their population is likely in the millions. They feed on small fish and zooplankton. Reproduction occurs when male jellyfish release sperm into the water that fertilizes eggs on the female's tentacles. Box jellyfish are predators in their ecosystem and few predators can withstand their venom.
FISH 10-2 kiril, siyana
The document discusses different types of fish, including their defining characteristics, evolution, habitats, and reproduction methods. It covers bony and cartilaginous fish, how they breathe and exchange gases/waste, and their thermal strategies. Examples of specific fish species are described, such as the whale shark, clown fish, and hagfish. The document also discusses human interactions with fish.
Cnidaria:Jellyfish
Jellyfish live in oceans around the world, with some preferring colder Arctic waters and most found in warmer waters. They have radial symmetry and can move using pulsing motions without a heart or brain. Jellyfish hunt for fish and other jellyfish using venomous tentacles and draw prey in during contractions. They have a nerve net that conducts impulses and responds to stimuli like light, touch, balance, and chemicals. Reproduction involves releasing eggs and sperm into the water where fertilization occurs, then the larvae attach to grow into polyps that bud off new jellyfish.
Echinodermata presentation
The document discusses the key characteristics of echinoderms. It describes the five classes of echinoderms - sea stars, brittle stars, sea urchins, crinoids, and sea cucumbers. It outlines their physical features such as radial symmetry, water vascular system, tube feet, endoskeleton, and ability to regenerate. It also summarizes their sensory structures, reproduction, locomotion, digestion, gas exchange, and other biological systems.
Cnidarians 10 3 alex, pavel, teodor
1) The document discusses the structures and life cycles of simple aquatic invertebrate animals including sponges, jellyfish, hydra, and moon jellyfish.
2) It describes how sponges filter feed through pores and reproduce sexually or asexually, and how jellyfish have radial symmetry and can reproduce sexually or through budding polyps.
3) Details are provided on the hydra, a small freshwater animal that can reproduce asexually through budding or sexually, and facts are given about the moon jellyfish and box jellyfish.
Chapter 6 marine microbes
Marine microbes play many roles in marine ecosystems and include viruses, single-celled organisms, and fungi. Phytoplankton such as diatoms and dinoflagellates contribute to primary productivity through photosynthesis, while zooplankton such as foraminifera feed on other organisms. Diatoms have glass cell walls with geometric patterns and reproduce asexually. Dinoflagellates have two flagella, come in a variety of shapes, and can reproduce sexually or asexually. Foraminifera use pseudopods to move and feed and have shells, reproducing asexually or sexually.
Jellyfish
The bell and tentacles are important parts of the jellyfish body. The bell encloses the internal structure and tentacles, which can sting painfully using nematocysts triggered by touch. Jellyfish detect touch and light using a nerve net and ocelli to determine up from down. They have two life stages - a polypoid sessile or floating stage, and the jellyfish medusa stage.
Edu 290 pp
This document summarizes information about various ocean animals. It provides facts about the number of species or types for each animal, as well as one or two additional interesting facts. Animals mentioned include sharks, dolphins, jellyfish, sea turtles, manatees, octopuses, squid, walruses, whales, eels, seals, sea otters, tropical fish, starfish and more. The document concludes that with over a billion plants and animals in the ocean, there is still much more to explore.
Ivo boby cnideria 10 7
(1) Sponges are simple aquatic animals that live in water and have pores that intake and output water. They come in different shapes and have skeletons made of either silicon or lime. Sponges reproduce both sexually and asexually.
(2) Cnidarians are a phylum of aquatic animals that include jellyfish, corals, sea anemones and hydra. They have radial symmetry and live in bodies of water. Cnidarians reproduce both sexually, going through polyp and medusa stages, and asexually by splitting their bodies. They feed through passive predation using stinging cells.
Reptiles 10 3 goran drumev
Reptiles are a group of amniotes that lay amniotic eggs and have scales. They are generally divided into four orders: crocodiles, tuataras, lizards and snakes, and turtles. Reptiles belong to the chordate phylum and most are ectothermic. They have a basic nervous system and sense organs similar to amphibians. Some reptiles like snakes move by slithering while others can walk, swim or glide. Reproduction varies between internal fertilization and egg laying or live birth.
Mollusca yova 10 6
Mollusca are a large phylum of soft-bodied invertebrates found in both marine and freshwater environments. There are over 100,000 species including clams, snails, slugs, octopuses, and squids. They are characterized by a mantle cavity and many secrete hard shells from the mantle for protection. Some key mollusk representatives discussed are bivalves like clams which live in coastal waters and filter feed, octopuses which are found in temperate oceans worldwide and have eight arms and three hearts, and snails which use a rasping tongue called a radula to eat and come in many forms from land to sea.
Meet the mollusks & arthropods
The document summarizes two kingdoms - Mollusca and Arthropoda. Mollusca includes three classes: Gastropods (snails and nudibranchs), Cephalopods (squid and octopus), and Bivalves (clams, mussels and scallops). Arthropoda includes two subphyla: Chelicerata (sea spiders and horseshoe crabs) and Crustacea (lobsters, crabs, shrimp, etc.). It provides examples of different organisms in each class or subphylum and notes some of their key characteristics like shells, tentacles, blood composition, and mating behaviors. Videos and references are also included for further information.
Bivalviatphillips
This document discusses the characteristics of scallops and oysters, which are bivalve mollusks. It describes their general structure of having two shells called valves connected by a hinge, and powerful muscles that open and close the valves. It also outlines some of their key attributes like filter feeding, external fertilization, and jet propulsion in scallops. The document provides background on the class Bivalvia and lists other organisms that are part of this class.
Gnathostomata
Introduction
Gnathostomata are the jawed vertebrates. (gnathos= "jaw" + (stoma)="mouth".
It comprises roughly 60,000 species. (99% of all living vertebrates).
Living gnathostomes have teeth, and paired appendages.
A horizontal semicircular canal is present in the inner ear.
Myelin sheaths is present on the neurons.
Adaptive immune system uses V(D) J recombination ( it is the mechanism of somatic recombination that occurs only in developing lymphocytes during the early stages of T and B cell maturation. VDJ recombination is the process by which T cells and B cells randomly assemble different gene segments – known as variable (V), diversity (D) and joining (J) genes – in order to generate unique receptors (known as antigen receptors) that can collectively recognize many different types of molecule. While Agnatha (petromyzon and hagfish) use genetic recombination in the variable lymphocyte receptor gene.
It is now assumed that Gnathostomata evolved from ancestors that already possessed a pair of both pectoral and pelvic fins.
In addition to this, some placoderms were shown to have a third pair of paired appendages, that had been modified to claspers in males and basal plates in females—a pattern not seen in any other vertebrate group.
It is believed that the jaws evolved from anterior gill support arches that had acquired a new role, being modified to pump water over the gills by opening and closing the mouth more effectively – the buccal pump mechanism.
Presence of Calcified, bony skull and vertebra are the characteristic features of Gnathostomata (fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals).
Pelvic fins are situated just in front of the anus.
Interventrals and basiventrals present in the backbone. These are the elements of the backbone which lie under the notochord, and match the basidorsals and interdorsals respectively.
Gill arches which lie internally to the gills and branchial blood vessels, contrary to the gill arches of all jawless craniates, which are external to the gills and blood vessels.
A horizontal semicircular canal in the inner ear.
Paired nasal sacs which are independent from the hypophysial tube.
There are numerous other characteristics of the soft anatomy and physiology (e.g. myelinated nerve fibres, sperms passing through urinary ducts, etc.), which are unique to the gnathostomes among extant craniates, but cannot by observed in fossils.
Sharks
Sharks are classified as cartilaginous fish and range greatly in size, from the smallest deepwater dogfish that reaches 8 inches to the largest whale shark. Sharks have specialized bodies such as placoid scales, a fatty liver for buoyancy, and a conveyor belt-like system for replacing lost teeth. Reproduction varies between oviparous, ovoviviparous, and viviparous depending on the species. Camouflage techniques include countershading which makes the shark difficult to see from above or below. Many shark species are threatened by overfishing for their skin, oil, and fins.
Bivalvia
This document summarizes information about bivalves, including:
- Their method of movement by drifting with currents and lack of legs or tails
- Their open circulatory system and obtaining of nutrients from lower organisms
- Their sexual reproduction and separate sexes that come together periodically
- Their shell structure that remains after placing in stimuli while internal organs dissolve
- Their gills beside the heart inside their protective shell
- Their role as primary consumers in the food chain due to their acidic environment in oceans
- Their cold-blooded temperature regulation and hard shell structure with mantle tissue muscles
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Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
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Jellyfish
- 1. Cnidaria:Jellyfish Angela Floreza and Anyang http://i104.photobucket.com/albums/m168/celafisticuffs/jellyfish.jpg
- 2. Here is a video to show you the different types of Jellyfish http://i909.photobucket.com/albums/ac292/filw47/gif%20files/jellyfish.gif
- 5. Habitat and Distribution In the Earth’s oceans and seas, there are over 2000 types of jellyfish! Some live in the cold (but not freezing) parts of the arctic And most of them live in the warmer waters. http://i80.photobucket.com/albums/j176/Editor29/Wesham%20Avatars/JellyFish.gif
- 6. Structure You can see that most jellyfish have radial symmetry. It can have a plane that can rotate on the body. http://cronodon.com/files/Jellyfish_diagram_2.jpg http://i62.photobucket.com/albums/h118/jessjoy81/Jellyfish.jpg
- 7. Locomotion These creatures are able to swim WITHOUT a heart or a brain. Jellyfish can move themselves by a pulsing their body with a stimulus. Basically, Their body open and closes
- 8. Digestive System These creatures are carnivores, They have to hunt to get their food. The sting their victims, injecting them with venom… Their prey consist of fish, plankton and other jellies. The catch their prey with their movement With every expansion, They draw in their small prey. When they contract they push their prey to their tentacles. http://i62.photobucket.com/albums/h118/jessjoy81/Jellyfish.jpg
- 9. Review: How they Move and Feed. http://i909.photobucket.com/albums/ac292/filw47/gif%20files/jellyfish.gif
- 10. Nervous System it characterized by a series of interconnected nerve cells (a nerve net). The nerve net conducts impulses around the entire body of the jellyfish. http://i62.photobucket.com/albums/h118/jessjoy81/Jellyfish.jpg
- 12. Reproduction The eggs and sperms developed inside the body wall called “ Gonads” After eggs are fully developed then release into stomach then through the mouth into the sea. In most case, male jellyfish releases his sperms into the surrounding water. then the sperms swims into female jellyfish’s mouth—the fertilization occur. http://i66.photobucket.com/albums/h254/kristin77_photos/jellyfish.jpg
- 13. Reproduction The egg is released into the water and it becomes a larvae. The larvae attaches itself to a base and it becomes a polyp (which looks like an anemone) It develops more and it will create and release the baby jellyfish One larvae can produce +5 jellyfish http://i62.photobucket.com/albums/h118/jessjoy81/Jellyfish.jpg
- 14. This is how a "baby" jellyfish looks like! http://i909.photobucket.com/albums/ac292/filw47/gif%20files/jellyfish.gif
- 16. Work Sited http://www.dnr.sc.gov/marine/pub/seascience/jellyfi.html http://cronodon.com/BioTech/Jellyfish.html http://www.animalcorner.co.uk/marine/jellyfish/jellyfish_reproduction.html Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EmxjK4Egdq8 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pCVADKwqwnc