The document discusses hydraulic principles and systems. It explains that hydraulics can transmit high forces through liquids and are used in aircraft controls and braking systems. It also discusses various hydraulic components like pumps, cylinders, and valves. Examples provided include hydraulic car jacks, cranes, and construction equipment that use hydraulics to lift and move heavy loads.

1. ECO CLUB
Boss3366

2. Today in modern era people use diesel JCB but in this time student
make Hydraulic JCB. Which was movement with the Hydraulic Pressure. It was
without Pollution. In little model student use injection. Its fill injection with
the water which is join with the help of a pipe another injection.
Then after it became movement..,

3. (2)Hydraulic Principles
1. Hydraulic systems provide a means of remotely
controlling a wide range of components by
transmitting a force through a confined fluid.
2. Because hydraulics can transmit high forces rapidly
and accurately along lightweight pipes of any size,
shape and length, they are the prime source of power
in aircraft systems such as flying controls, flaps,
retractable undercarriages and wheel brakes.
3. The basic principle behind any hydraulic system is
very simple - pressure applied anywhere to a body of
fluid causes a force to be transmitted equally in all
directions, with the force acting at right angles to any
surface in contact with the fluid.

4. For the instruction of hydraulic
principles
1. Pascal's Law
2. Hydraulic Pressure and Force
3. Hydraulic Swash Plate Pump

5. • Pascal's Law (from Blaise Pascal 1623 to 1662),
comprises a set of principles formulated in 1648 and
states that pressure applied to a confined fluid at any
point is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid
in all directions and acts upon every part of the confining
vessel at right angles to its interior surfaces and equally
upon equal areas.
A demonstration of
Pascal's Law
• This is the basic principle behind any hydraulic system
- pressure applied anywhere to a body of fluid causes a
force to be transmitted equally in all directions, with the
force acting at right angles to any surface in contact with
the fluid.

6. • Pressure is the force per unit area exerted on a
surface, divided by the area of that surface.
Pressure = Force/Surface Area
The relationship between
hydraulic pressure and force
•Therefore hydraulic pressure is the force per unit area
exerted by a fluid on the surface within the container.

7. A constant displacement
hydraulic swash plate pump.
• A constant displacement hydraulic pump uses a
fixed swash plate to drive a set of pistons in and out
as they revolve.
•At the top of their stroke, the pistons move over the
inlet port and draw in fluid at low pressure. The
fluid is then carried round and expelled through the
outlet port at high pressure as the swash plate drives
the piston into the cylinder.

8. Hydraulic Principles
Fluids cannot be compressed
Fluids can transmit Movement
Acts “Like a steel rod” in a closed container
Master cylinder transmits fluid to wheel
cylinder or caliper piston bore.
Fluids can transmit and increase force
Force
Area
Pressure

9. Hydraulics
Simplified Hydraulic Brake System
Drum Brake
Master Cylinder
Disk Brake

10. Hydraulic pumps supply fluid to the components in the
system. Pressure in the system develops in reaction to
the load. Hence, a pump rated for 5,000 psi is capable of
maintaining flow against a load of 5,000 psi.
Pumps have a power density about ten times greater
than an electric motor (by volume). They are powered
by an electric motor or an engine, connected through
gears, belts, or a flexible elastomeric coupling to reduce
vibration.

11. Common types of hydraulic pumps to hydraulic
machinery applications are-
•Gear pump: cheap, durable, simple. Less efficient, because they are constant
(fixed) displacement, and mainly suitable for pressures below 20 MPa (3000
psi).
•Vane pump: cheap and simple, reliable (especially in g-rotor form). Good for
higher-flow low-pressure output.
•Radial piston pump A pump that is normally used for very high pressure at small
flows.
Piston pumps are more expensive than gear or vane pumps, but provide longer
life operating at higher pressure, with difficult fluids and longer continuous
duty cycles. Piston pumps make up one half of a hydrostatic transmission.

12. Jackscrews are integral
to the Scissor Jack, one
of the simplest kinds of
car jacks still used.
Hydraulic jacks are typically used for shop work, rather
than as an emergency jack to be carried with the vehicle.
Use of jacks not designed for a specific vehicle requires
more than the usual care in selecting ground conditions,
the jacking point on the vehicle, and to ensure stability
when the jack is extended. Hydraulic jacks are often used
to lift elevators in low and medium rise buildings.
A hydraulic jack uses a fluid, which is incompressible,
that is forced into a cylinder by a pump plunger. Oil is
used since it is self lubricating and stable. When the
plunger pulls back, it draws oil out of the reservoir
through a suction check valve into the pump chamber.
At this point the suction ball within the chamber is
forced shut and oil pressure builds in the cylinder.

13. In a bottle jack the piston is vertical and directly supports a bearing pad
that contacts the object being lifted. With a single action piston the lift is
somewhat less than twice the collapsed height of the jack, making it
suitable only for vehicles with a relatively high clearance. For lifting
structures such as houses the hydraulic interconnection of multiple vertical
jacks through valves enables the even distribution of forces while enabling
close control of the lift.
In a floor jack (aka 'trolley jack') a horizontal piston pushes on the short
end of a bellcrank, with the long arm providing the vertical motion to a
lifting pad, kept horizontal with a horizontal linkage. Floor jacks usually
include castors and wheels, allowing compensation for the arc taken by the
lifting pad. This mechanism provide a low profile when collapsed, for easy
maneuvering underneath the vehicle, while allowing considerable
extension.

14. We manufacture a wide range of hydraulic cranes that
are truck mounted and made from superior quality raw
materials. These cranes are developed as per the
specifications of our collaborator HEILA, Italy. For
handling any type of load, our products are offered with:
• Hydraulically operated telescopic or articulated
boom
• Balanced compact Hydraulic Winch
• Hydraulically operated Grab Bucket to secure any
type of configuration of the load.

15. These cranes are capable of handling loads between 2 tone meter to 35 tone meter.
Available with hydraulic slewing arrangement up to 380 degree, these cranes are
capable of picking load and keeping in any direction. This arrangement require
minimum space in truck leaving major portion of truck empty for self loading. We
also offer 2 points or 4 points hydraulic stabilizers with our cranes as desired by our
clients. In order to ensure complete safety, we offer with our products: overload
protection valve, Hose Fail Safety Valve that helps in adjusting pressure in case of
excessive load and also ensure that cylinder does not come down with load in case
of power failure. Designed to perfection, our products can easily mount on trolley,
trailer, barge or stationary base easily.

16. By using a proportional ‘soft stop’ system on the higher lift
machines, Adaptive Load Control overcomes the problem
caused by a sudden stop creating additional inertia from a
combination of weight and high reach, that can increase the
risk of machine forward overturn. The proportional flow
reduction used for the high reach machines also maximises
speed of operation so that the operator’s ability to use the
machine’s full operating envelope is not compromised. – The lift
performance indicated on the lift chart can be achieved while
complying with EN15000 using the Adaptive Load Control
system

18. 12/02/14
Thank you
Made by:-Ankush dhaka,Sandeep kumar,Nikhil
sharma 18