Jabir ibn Hayyan was an 8th century Persian scientist born in Kufah who is considered the father of chemistry. He introduced experimental and quantitative methods in chemistry and was the first to discover many substances like nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, and aqua regia. He perfected processes like distillation, crystallization, and sublimation. Over 3000 books and treatises are attributed to Jabir ibn Hayyan on diverse topics from alchemy to astronomy.
Muslim scholars calculated the angle of the ecliptic; measured the size of the Earth; calculated the precession of the equinoxes; explained, in the field of optics and physics, such phenomena as refraction of light, gravity, capillary attraction, and twilight; and developed observatories for the empirical study of heavenly bodies.
Muslim scholars calculated the angle of the ecliptic; measured the size of the Earth; calculated the precession of the equinoxes; explained, in the field of optics and physics, such phenomena as refraction of light, gravity, capillary attraction, and twilight; and developed observatories for the empirical study of heavenly bodies.
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this powerpoint is about the Early life of Prophet Muhammad, MUHAMMAD- Divine Revelations, The house of Arqam Makhzoomi, Spread of Islam, Life In Madina, Life Before & After Revelation Before revelation, Appearance & Dress, Behavior & Character and Facts about prophet Muhammad.
A presentation on a discussion between Imam Jafar As-Sadiq (as) the 6th imam and great grandson of Prophet Muhammad (saw) and his student Jaber Ibn Hayan
The contribution of muslim scholars in natural sciencesAin Atiya Azmi
During the Islamic Golden Age, emerged various Muslim scholars who contributed to science and technology. This slide was presented during UNGS 2090 Islamic Worldview, Knowledge and Civilisation course in IIUM
this powerpoint is about the Early life of Prophet Muhammad, MUHAMMAD- Divine Revelations, The house of Arqam Makhzoomi, Spread of Islam, Life In Madina, Life Before & After Revelation Before revelation, Appearance & Dress, Behavior & Character and Facts about prophet Muhammad.
A presentation on a discussion between Imam Jafar As-Sadiq (as) the 6th imam and great grandson of Prophet Muhammad (saw) and his student Jaber Ibn Hayan
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Discover how to easily move data between AutoCAD and GIS systems – while maintaining full control over CAD annotation and GIS attributes – using FME. See also how you can load data into Map 3D and style to your desire, or take data from Civil 3D and load into other applications such as Esri Geodatabase. Plus, you'll get a sneak peek at FME 2014's upcoming support for Autodesk Revit.
The great advances made in Chemistry began with the discovery of fire. With the fire, the man was able to cook their food and got a heat source to heat and protect from wildlife. The kitchen was then the first chemical laboratory, as it were preserved food through cooking. Later, Alchemy emerged that spread in different civilizations, as among the Chinese, Hindus, Egyptians, Arabs and Europeans and among his ideals unattainable the philosopher's stone and the elixir of long life. Robert Boyle is considered by some the father of Chemistry, being responsible for transforming Alchemy in Chemistry, as he introduced the "scientific method". The Lavoisier's ideas gave the chemical the first solid understanding of the nature of chemical reactions. Several advances have created many distinct branches in chemistry, including biochemistry, nuclear chemistry, chemical engineering and organic chemistry. Chemistry achieved scientific status only in the mid-eighteenth century that was previously treated as a branch of Medicine. With the advent of the Industrial Revolution came a demand for professionals in the chemical area, making possible the creation of the first courses and Chemical Societies in Europe and the United States.
in this presentation i presented some common information about muslim scientests and philosophes that lived in medieval age and i collect some information about discoveries that the did and now a days we the technology it is rooted from their discoveries and hard working.
History of Pharmacy |L 3| Muslim's Contribution| Golden Era| Pharmacist Tayye...Tayyeb Mehmood
key points are:
Ancient Era (Beginning of time to 1600 AD)
Non-Muslim (Babylon, China, Egypt, Greek, Turkey)
Muslim Era or Golden Era
Empiric Era (1600 to 1940 AD)
Industrialization Era (1940 to 1970AD)
Patient Care Era (1970AD to present)
Biotechnology and genetic engineering
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“It takes an endless amount of history to make even a little tradition”.
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There are many stories of both success and failures which shaped our today’s world. Starting from the 18th century Aspirin to the current generation monoclonal antibodies each drug has their own version of stories. In this review I will introduce you to few prominent personalities like the indefatigable Domagk, a person who fought maladies with magic bullets, the Fleming’s story of serendipity, the interesting story of a struggling young orthopaedician’s quest towards invisible treasure and few other stories. we are lucky to have these great discoveries in our past which help the current generation of researchers to make conceptual advances.
Dr. Ranjan, Junior resident, JIPMER
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
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Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Jabir ibn Hayyan
1. Jabir ibn Hayyan
Abu Musa Jabir ibn Hayyan was born in 721 in Kufah.
He is known as the father of Chemistry.
He was a Doctor and Chemist.
Jabber was the one who laid the foundations for modern scientific chemistry.
Work and Discoveries:
Jabir ibn Hayyan is widely considered as the father of Chemistry but he was also
an astronomer, pharmacist, physician, philosopher and engineer.
He was credited for the discovery of nineteen different substances which
we call element in modern chemistry.
He was the first person to introduce the experimental method in chemistry.
2. Jabir ibn Hayyan
Use of chemical processes:
Jabir perfected the use of various chemical processes used in the modern
chemistry laboratories such as distillation, crystallization and sublimation etc.
Using some of those methods, he produced concentrated acetic acid from
vinegar.
He synthesized hydrochloric acid by heating salt and sulfuric acid and nitric
acid by heating saltpeter with sulfuric acid.
By mixing hydrochloric acid with nitric acid, he invented a super acid called aqua
regia which could dissolve even gold.
He also isolated citric acid from lemon and tartaric acid from the residue left after
wine making.
3. Jabir ibn Hayyan
Discoveries and Inventions:
Discovery of “caustic soda”
He was First to evoke water gold.
He was First to introduce the method of separation of NaOH.
He was First to discover nitric acid.
He was First to discover hydrochloric acid .
He was First to retrieve the sulfuric acid and termed it Alzaj oil.
He discovered chemical procedures as significant as crystallization, melting,
distillation, calcination, reduction, liquidation, and sublimation.
Aqua Regia:
The discoveries of these acids especially aqua regia helped the chemists to extract
and purify gold and other metals for the next thousand years.
4. Jabir ibn Hayyan
Perfume:
People have enjoyed perfume for centuries.
The hard work of two talented chemists,
Jabir ibn Hayyan (born 722) and al-Kindi (born 801) helped lay the
foundations and established the perfume industry.
Jabir developed many techniques, including distillation, evaporation and
filtration, which enabled the collection of the odor of plants into a vapor that
could be collected in the form of water or oil.
5. Jabir ibn Hayyan
Dyeing of cloth and leather, as well as, preparation of steel are also associated
with this great Islamic scientist.
His division of substance into three different classes worked as the basis for
modern day classification of metals and non metals.
He prepared a lot of chemicals like hydrated mercury and arsenous oxide.
He explained in detail how to prepare arsenic, antimony, and purification of metals
and dyeing of fabrics.
He manufactured incombustible paper.
He made some sort of paint that prevents iron rust.
He was the first to introduce the method of separating gold from silver solution
by acids, which is the predominant mode to this day.
6. Jabir ibn Hayyan
Books and Treatises:
Around 3000 books and treatises are attributed to the name of Jabir bin Hayyan.
The topics are diverse in nature; ranging from music, magic, philosophy, logic and
metaphysics to chemistry, alchemy, physics, medicine, astrology, geography, and
astronomy.
The “Book of Seventy” is a collection of his various works like “Book of Venus”.
Other noteworthy works of Jabir bin Hayyan include Book of Stones,
Book of 112,
Composition of Alchemy,
Kitaab-ur-Rahmah, and
Kitab-ut-Tajmee.
His research has been translated to many European languages, and has been used
in western educational institutions for centuries.
This is why he is called the ‘Father of Modern Chemistry’.
7. Jabir ibn Hayyan
Books and Treatises:
Around 3000 books and treatises are attributed to the name of Jabir bin Hayyan.
The topics are diverse in nature; ranging from music, magic, philosophy, logic and
metaphysics to chemistry, alchemy, physics, medicine, astrology, geography, and
astronomy.
The “Book of Seventy” is a collection of his various works like “Book of Venus”.
Other noteworthy works of Jabir bin Hayyan include Book of Stones,
Book of 112,
Composition of Alchemy,
Kitaab-ur-Rahmah, and
Kitab-ut-Tajmee.
His research has been translated to many European languages, and has been used
in western educational institutions for centuries.
This is why he is called the ‘Father of Modern Chemistry’.
