1. Contribution of Muslim Scientists and
Engineers in the field of science
Sulaman Muhammad
EM123009

2. Timeline of science and engineering in the
Islamic world
o 8th Century
• First pharmacy & drug store open in Islamic world
• First library named “Baith-ul-Hikma” open in Islamic world
• First hospital open in Islamic world name “Bimeristan”
• First telescope was invented
• Declared that Earth is sphere
• Algorithm was founded

3. o 9th Century
• First attempt on flight was made
• Windmill was invented
• First university open in Islamic world
• Clock was invented
o 10th Century
• Graph paper was invented
• First sugar refinery mill was made
• Base of modern surgery was led
• The circumference, diameter and radius of earth was
determined

4. o 11th Century
• Speed of light is finite
• Speed of light is faster then sound
• The first globe was made
• First mechanical clock
• Gun powder was invented
• Blood circulatory system of human body
• Largest hospital of that time in the was built

5. o Al Khwarizmi
• Father of Algebra
• Founder of Algorithm
• The first person who introduce “0” in the mathematics
• Give the solution of Quadratic & linear equations
o Abu Al-wafa
• The first person who calculate the difference between the
time of two longitudes on map
• He was the first to construct wall Quadrant
• Give the solution of spherical triangles
• He discover several trigonometric identities

6. o Jabir Ibn Hayyan
• Father of Chemistry
• Laid the base of Acid-Base theory
• Discover methods of filtration, distillation, crystallization
& sublimation
• The first to introduce the method of separating gold from
silver
• Discover methods for preparation of steel, dyeing of
cloth and leather
• Invent more then 20 laboratory apparatus

7. o Ibn Al-haytham
• Theory of vision
• Invented Telescope
• Earth is Sphere
• Dam on River Nile
• Influence of Melodies on the Souls of Animals
o Abbas Ibn Firnas
• The 1st man who tried to fly through scientific way
• Invented the 1st water clock
• The 1st who invented glass
• Develop the process of cutting crystal rocks

8. o Muhammad Ibn Zakariya
• He was the first to distinguish between small-pox &
chicken pox
• Discover the treatment of small & chicken pox
• He was the first to use opium for anesthesia
• He was the first to produce sulphuric acid
o Abu Rayhan
• Radius, diameter & circumference of earth
• Speed of light is faster then speed of sound
• Produce world map and the first known globe

9. o Al Jazari
• Father of Robotics
• First Mechanical engineer
• Automatic hand washing machine
• Invented candle clock
• Invented mechanical clock
• Invented water hand pump
• Invented water raising machine
• A great Artist

10. Inventions by Muslim Scientists
• Telescope
• Chess
• Fountain pen
• Clock
• Windmill
• Compass
• Candle
• Soap & shampoo
• Glass
• Water turbine
• Gun powder

11. Inventions by Pakistani Scientists
• Ommaya Reservoir
• Endotracheal Tube
• Connect brain with silicon chip
• Plastic Magnet
• Human Development Index (HDI)
• Computer virus

12. Thanks