The document discusses the immense contributions of Muslims to various fields including science, technology, and medicine over centuries. It provides numerous examples of scientific and medical innovations by Muslim scholars between the 9th-13th centuries that shaped modern innovations, including the first medical encyclopedia, discoveries in anatomy and surgery, early descriptions of circulation of blood, development of early forms of forceps and catgut for stitching wounds. Other innovations discussed are the origins and spread of coffee, early attempts at flying machines, foundations of modern universities and institutions of higher education, origins and foundations of algebra and contributions to optics, development of cameras and theories of light, and the role of music in Islamic traditions.

2.  Muslims have made immense contributions to almost all fields
of life. Islam gave the world everything.
 After Islam, the world benefited in all ways which we are all
thinking as the contribution from Europe. Whatever the
historical books used by the Western world is all lies. All
technology and scientific discoveries came from Muslims.
 All the modern technology which is found today is because of
the works of Muslim scientists and scholars who lived few
centuries back.

4.  Around the year 1,000, the celebrated doctor
Al Zahrawi (also called father of surgery)
published a 1,500 page illustrated
encyclopedia of surgery that was used in
Europe as a medical reference for the next 500
years.
 Among his many inventions, Zahrawi
discovered the use of dissolving cat gut to
stitch wounds -- beforehand a second surgery
had to be performed to remove sutures.
 And that it can be also used to make medicine
capsules.
 In the 13th century, another Muslim medic
named Ibn Nafis described the circulation of
the blood, 300 years before William Harvey
discovered it.
 He also reportedly performed the first
caesarean operation and created the first
pair of forceps.

5. CAT GUT
STATURE
PAIR OF FORCEPS
(Designed by Zahrawi)
COPER SPOON
(Used to press tongue)
(Designed by Zahrawi)

7.  An arb/ Ethopian named Khalid
was trending his goats in the kaffa
region of southern Ethopia, when
he noticed his animals became
livelier after eating some berry. He
boiled the berries to make the first
coffee.
 In Yemen Sufis drank it to stay
awake all night to pray on special
occasions.
 In 1650 a Turk named Pasqua
Rosee who opened the first
coffee house in Lombard Street in
City of London.
 The Arabic Qahwa became the
Turkish Qahwa then the italian
caffѐ and then English coffee.

8.  Coffee plants are cultivated in more than
70 countries.
 Type : Hot or cold (usually hot)
 Country of origin Yemen
(earliest credible evidence of coffee
drinking)
 Ethiopia (possible consumption of
roasted dry beans)
 Introduced Approx. 15th century
 Color Dark brown, beige,
black, light brown
 Coffee Day
 In the United States, September 29 is
celebrated as "National Coffee Day.“
Coffee Day is also celebrated in a
handful of other countries as well.

10.  A Muslim poet, astronomer, musician and
engineer named Abbas Ibn Firnas made
several attempts to construct a flying
machine.
 Ibn Firnas jumped from the tower of
Cordoba intending to use garment as wing
on which he could glide like a bird.
 This flight was unsuccessful. That it was
because he had not given his device a tail
so it would stall on landing.
 What is thought to be the first parachute,
and leaving him with only minor injuries.
 In 875, aged 70, having perfected a silk
and eagles’ feathers he tried again,
jumping from a mountain.

11.  The Wright Brothers, Orville and
Wilbur two Americans.
 With the inventing and building the
world’s first successful Airplane.
 Making the first controlled, powered
and sustained heavier than air
human flight.
 From 1905 to 1907, the brothers
developed their flying machine the
first practical wing aircraft.
 Baghdad international airport and a
crater on the Moon are named after
him.

12. EVOLUTION OF FLYING MACHINE

14. WHAT IS UNIVERSITY?
 A university (Latin: "universitas", "a whole") is an institution of
higher education and research which grants academic
degrees in a variety of subjects and provides both
undergraduate education and postgraduate education. The
word "university" is derived from the Latin universitas
magistrorum et scholarium, which roughly means
"community of teachers and scholars."

15.  In 859 , a young princess named
Fatima al Firhi founded the first
degree granting university in Fez,
Morocco.
 Her sister Miriam founded an
adjacent mosque and together the
complex became the al-Qarawiyyin
Mosque and University.
 In 859 founded a mosque and
madrasa in Fes, Morocco.
 Fatima and her sister Mariam, both of
whom were well educated, inherited a
large amount of money from their
father. Fatima vowed to spend her
entire inheritance on the construction
of a mosque suitable for her
community.

16.  "world's oldest university".
 Fatima al Firhi Died in 880
 Still operating almost 1,200 years later,
the center will remind people that
learning is at the core of the Islamic
tradition and that the story of the al-
Firhi sisters will inspire young Muslim
women around the world today.
 The idea of Graduate (Sahib) and
undergraduate (mutafaqqih) is derived
directly from Islamic terms.
 Historical (surviving)
institutions:
 Institutions founded before the colonial
era and which are still in operation:
 Aliah University, Kolkata, West Bengal
 University of Al-Qarawiyyin, Morocco
 Al-Azhar University, Cairo
 Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad
 Al-Nizamiyya of Baghdad
 Nizamiyya
 University of Ez-Zitouna, Tunis, Tunisia.
 Jamia Nizamia, Hydrabad, India.

17.  Post-colonial
institutions (non-
seminaries):
Educational institutions founded since end
of colonial rule that are not religious
seminaries, but have a "Islamic" or
"Muslim" identity or charter, or devoted
to sciences and arts usually associated
with "Islamic" or "Muslim" culture and
history:
Pakistan
1. Hamdard University, Madinat-ul-
Hikmat, Karachi
2. University of Munawwar ul Islam ,
Gujrat
3. International Islamic University,
Islamabad
4. Minhaj International University
5. University of the Punjab, Lahore
6. Islamia University, Bahawalpur
7. Bahauddin Zakariya University,
Multan
Saudi Arabia
1. Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic
University.
International
1. Harari College Worldwide- The
Islamic Centre.
UAE
1. University of Sharjah, College of
Sharia'a & Islamic Studies.
Syria
1. Damascus University, Faculty of
Shari'a.

19.  Is one of the broad parts of mathematics,
together with number theory, geometry
and analysis
 The word algebra comes from the title of a
Persian mathematician's famous 9th
century treatise "Kitab al-Jabr Wa l-
Mugabala" which translates roughly as
"The Book of Reasoning and
Balancing."
 Al-Khwarizmi-the Father of Algebra.
 Al-Khwarizmi, was also the first to
introduce the concept of raising a number
to a power.
 Islamic contributions to mathematics
began around ad 825, when the Baghdad
mathematician Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-
Khwārizmī wrote his famous treatise al-
Kitāb al-mukhtaṣar fī ḥisāb al-jabr wa’l-
muqābala (translated into Latin in the 12th
century .

21.  During the Middle Ages, Greek ideas
about optics were resurrected and
extended by writers in the Muslim
world.
 Al-Kindi (c. 801–73) who wrote on the
merits of Aristotelian and Euclidean
ideas of optics, favouring the emission
theory since it could better quantify
optical phenomenon.
 In 984, the Persian mathematician Ibn
Sahl wrote the treatise "On burning
mirrors and lenses", correctly
describing a law of refraction
equivalent to Snell's law. He used this
law to compute optimum shapes for
lenses and curved mirrors.

22.  In the early 11th century, Alhazen (Ibn al-
Haytham) wrote the Book of Optics
(Kitab al-manazir) in which he explored
reflection and refraction and proposed a
new system for explaining vision and light
based on observation and experiment .
 He invented the first pin-hole camera after
noticing the way light came through a hole
in window shutters.
 This great Muslim physicist also
discovered the camera obscura
phenomenon, which explains how the
eye sees images upright due to the
connection between the optic nerve and
the brain

23. REVOLUTION OF CAMERA

25.  Most jurists of the classical era of Muslim
scholarship opined that music is forbidden
both by the Qur'an and by the Hadith.
 Modernists and certain groups of sufis,
however, permit music stating that the
prohibition of music and instruments at the
time of the Prophet related to usage, at the
time the polytheists used music and
musical instruments as part of their
worships.
 Muslim musicians have had a profound
impact on Europe, dating back to
Charlemagne tried to compete with the
music of Baghdad and Cordoba, according
to Hassani. Among many instruments that
arrived in Europe through the Middle East
are the lute and the rahab, an ancestor of
the violin. Modern musical scales are also
said to derive from the Arabic alphabet.

26.  Those who saw the permissibility (halal)
of music include Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi,
Ibn al-Qaisarani, Ibn Sina, Abu Hamid
al-Ghazali, Rumi, Ibn Rushd, and Ibn
Hazm.
 Al-Ghazali also reports a narration from
al-Khidr, where he expressed a
favorable opinion of music, provided it
be within the usage limitation of
virtuous areas.
 In South Asia, especially Pakistan and
India, the most widely known style of
Sufi music is qawwali. A traditional
qawwali programme would include:
1) A hamd—a song in praise of Allah
2) A naat—a song in praise of the
Prophet Muhammad
3) Manqabats—songs in praise of the
illustrious teachers of the Sufi
brotherhood to which the musicians
belong
4) Ghazals—songs of intoxication and
yearning, which use the language of
romantic love to express the soul's
longing for union with the divine.
5) Shi'a qawwali concerts typically
follow the naat with a manqabat in
praise of Ali, and sometimes a
marsiya, a lamentation over the death
of much of Ali's family at the Battle of
Karbala.