This document summarizes research analyzing the reliability of oil palm empty fruit bunch fibers using Weibull distribution. The researchers prepared fiber samples of different sizes through milling and sieving. They then analyzed the reliability of the reddish pulp fibers using a four-parameter Weibull distribution to model the probability of failure for different fiber sizes. A number of pretreatment methods are also summarized that can be used to reduce lignin content in empty fruit bunch fibers, such as alkaline, acid, steam explosion, and organosolv pretreatments. The goal is to analyze the reliability of empty fruit bunch fibers for potential uses and overcome challenges in reliability.
The efficient disposal of effluent from meat plants and meat-processing works is important because of the possible pollution of water – courses. Hence an effluent treatment plant (ETP) is necessary in all modern abattoirs/meat plants. The objective of effluent treatment is to produce a product that can be safely discharged into a waterway or sewer in compliance with the recommended limits for discharge.
Sustainable Approach Of Recycling Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Integrated Bio...SAJJAD KHUDHUR ABBAS
In Malaysia, oil palm is a very significant crop. In the worldwide, the biggest palm oil exporter and producer is Indonesia and Malaysia is the 2nd exporter and producer. the production of crude palm oil (CPO) was increased significantly from 92,000 tonnes in year 1960 to 17.6 million tonnes in year 2009, The process to extract the palm oil needs massive and huge water quantity to sterilize the fresh fruit bunches (FFB) and clarify the extracted oil.
The Waste Pickling Liquor (WPL) generated in the galvanizing industries is a hazardous waste (Cat.12.2) as per the Hazardous and Other Waste (Management and Transbounary Movement) Rules, 2016 (HW Rules 2016). Hazardous and Other Wastes in the country are required to be managed as per the methods, technologies and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) notified by the Govt of India under these Rules. These Rules also provide scope for utilization of the wastes generated from one source in various other applications. The interested users of the hazardous and other wastes are required to obtain permission from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for this purpose. The grant of permission by CPCB involves conducting of trial runs to study and confirm the environmentally safe use of the intended waste in the proposed activity. In case of the use is found to be environmentally safe, CPCB prepares the SOP for the use and grants permission on a case to case basis. There has not been any application made so far for obtaining such permission for the use of the spent acid that is generated in galvanizing industries. Also, the cheap and easy availability of the hydrochloric Acid (HCl) in the country does not leave much scope for a viable recovery of the virgin HCl from WPL. The galvanizing industries therefore have a limited option of treating the WPL in their premises. The treatment of WPL by lime is an effective and widely practiced method. However, the lime treatment of the WPL leaves a very high concentration of the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) in the treated waste water. The installation of RO/MEE systems at the industry level does not seem to be viable. Solar evaporation system also requires lot of open to sky area in the industry. The treated effluent with high TDS can be either discharged as such in coastal areas or to be treated at a common facility. However, there is lot of scope for the segregation of the spent HCl and its use in other industries/activities after obtaining the required permission from the CPCB. The segregation of the spent HCl also eliminates the problem of TDS in the waste water resulting from the treatment of the rest of the WPL. The galvanizing industry therefore needs to explore the possible uses of the spent HCl in other industrial activities and obtain permissions from CPCB for such uses instead of allowing to it to become part of the WPL. The presentation gives details of the relevant provisions of the HW Rules 2016, the status of the SOPs prepared so far by the CPCB, the limitations of acid recovery from the WPL and the recommendations for an environmentally sound management of the WPL.
greenLIFE nella riunione Plenaria del dialogo sociale “Concia” alla Commissione europea
Lo scorso 23 novembre 2016 a Bruxelles, organizzata dalle parti sociali, il sindacato europeo industriAll e Cotance, Confederazione delle associazioni nazionali dei conciatori europei
Il progetto greenLIFE che vede coinvolte cinque aziende della filiera conciaria vicentina, Acque del Chiampo, Conceria Dani, Gruppo Mastrotto, Ikem, Ilsa, sarà presentato al meeting plenario del Comitato sul dialogo sociale, sezione concia ospitato dalla Commissione europea il prossimo 23 novembre a Bruxelles. La riunione segue l’adozione dello scorso dicembre 2015 di un manifesto redatto dalle parti sociali e dai rappresentanti industriali che sintetizza gli obiettivi per il futuro della concia europea, identificando le maggiori sfide. Tra queste la riduzione dell’impatto ambientale della filiera, la necessità di sviluppo in un’ottica di economia circolare e sancisce l’identità del settore come una industria del riciclo, la cui materia prima è di fatto un sottoprodotto dell’industria alimentare. Se dovessero continuare i trend di consumo e di crescita della popolazione - si legge nel manifesto - nel 2050 saranno necessarie le risorse di due pianeti e mezzo per soddisfarli. Lo sviluppo verso una economia circolare è quindi ineludibile e la sfida per il settore conciario riguarda principalmente la riduzione dell’uso di acqua e di prodotti chimici ad alto impatto, sottolineando la necessità di innovazione in questi ambiti. Ecco che il progetto greenLIFE si presenta ai rappresentanti europei come esempio di una fruttuosa collaborazione tra aziende e pubblico ( greenLIFE è stato finanziato per circa la metà del suo costo attraverso il programma LIFE dell’Unione Europea), che ha portato tra l’altro alla identificazione di sistemi di depilazione che potranno consentire un risparmio di acqua e di prodotti chimici fino al 20% , ma anche la valorizzazione di sottoprodotti in agricoltura e una diminuzione consistente di rifiuto solido. Relatori saranno Guido Zilli di Conceria Dani, coordinatore del progetto, e Paolo Gurisatti, presidente della Stazione sperimentale per l’industria delle pelli. Nuovi concianti naturali, provenienti da polisaccaridi derivanti da risorse rinnovabili, il monitoraggio dell’impatto ambientale dei diversi sistemi di calcinaio e concia, uno studio LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) per valutare l'impatto sulla depurazione delle acque in una prospettiva di ciclo di vita, sono altri risultati che sono stati illustrati alle parti sociali presenti a Bruxelles lo scorso 23 novembre.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)9043inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Effect of different parameters and storage conditions on liquid jaggery witho...eSAT Journals
Abstract Jaggery industry is a cottage industry in India. In today’s world liquid jaggery has been gaining a much importance due to its nutritional value. Studies were conducted to investigate the parameters affecting shelf life such pH, colour, brix , moisture content and range of temperatures on the concentration of reducing sugars. The variety Co86032 was selected to observe the effect of storage period on quality characteristics of liquid jaggery. Samples were stored at three different conditions i.e. room temperature(27°C), refrigeration (7°C) and high temperature (37°C) in pre-sterilized PET bottles for 90 days .In order to optimize the changes in properties physico-chemical tests were evaluated during storage. The pH decreased significantly, whereas, moisture content and reducing sugar increased significantly during storage. The changes in different attributes were significantly higher at 37°C temperature as compared to room temperature and refrigeration temperature. The results revealed that change in chemical composition was lower in case of refrigerated sample. Refrigerated sample was found more acceptable among other two samples after storage period of three months in terms of its chemical properties. Keywords: Liquid jaggery, without preservatives, Shelf life, Storage
SciCorp BIOLOGIC® is a proprietary plant-based blend of organic micronutrients that stimulates specific aerobic, anaerobic and facultative bacteria species causing competitive inhibition of sulphur reducing bacteria. The technology reduces energy costs, lowers sludge handling and disposal costs, reduces odors and improves treatment results at wastewater treatment plants. Wastewater treatment plants where the product has been successfully applied range in type and size from high capacity municipal and industrial plants to very small, low flow package plants, as well as many holding tank and waste storage/portable toilet applications.
The efficient disposal of effluent from meat plants and meat-processing works is important because of the possible pollution of water – courses. Hence an effluent treatment plant (ETP) is necessary in all modern abattoirs/meat plants. The objective of effluent treatment is to produce a product that can be safely discharged into a waterway or sewer in compliance with the recommended limits for discharge.
Sustainable Approach Of Recycling Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Integrated Bio...SAJJAD KHUDHUR ABBAS
In Malaysia, oil palm is a very significant crop. In the worldwide, the biggest palm oil exporter and producer is Indonesia and Malaysia is the 2nd exporter and producer. the production of crude palm oil (CPO) was increased significantly from 92,000 tonnes in year 1960 to 17.6 million tonnes in year 2009, The process to extract the palm oil needs massive and huge water quantity to sterilize the fresh fruit bunches (FFB) and clarify the extracted oil.
The Waste Pickling Liquor (WPL) generated in the galvanizing industries is a hazardous waste (Cat.12.2) as per the Hazardous and Other Waste (Management and Transbounary Movement) Rules, 2016 (HW Rules 2016). Hazardous and Other Wastes in the country are required to be managed as per the methods, technologies and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) notified by the Govt of India under these Rules. These Rules also provide scope for utilization of the wastes generated from one source in various other applications. The interested users of the hazardous and other wastes are required to obtain permission from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for this purpose. The grant of permission by CPCB involves conducting of trial runs to study and confirm the environmentally safe use of the intended waste in the proposed activity. In case of the use is found to be environmentally safe, CPCB prepares the SOP for the use and grants permission on a case to case basis. There has not been any application made so far for obtaining such permission for the use of the spent acid that is generated in galvanizing industries. Also, the cheap and easy availability of the hydrochloric Acid (HCl) in the country does not leave much scope for a viable recovery of the virgin HCl from WPL. The galvanizing industries therefore have a limited option of treating the WPL in their premises. The treatment of WPL by lime is an effective and widely practiced method. However, the lime treatment of the WPL leaves a very high concentration of the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) in the treated waste water. The installation of RO/MEE systems at the industry level does not seem to be viable. Solar evaporation system also requires lot of open to sky area in the industry. The treated effluent with high TDS can be either discharged as such in coastal areas or to be treated at a common facility. However, there is lot of scope for the segregation of the spent HCl and its use in other industries/activities after obtaining the required permission from the CPCB. The segregation of the spent HCl also eliminates the problem of TDS in the waste water resulting from the treatment of the rest of the WPL. The galvanizing industry therefore needs to explore the possible uses of the spent HCl in other industrial activities and obtain permissions from CPCB for such uses instead of allowing to it to become part of the WPL. The presentation gives details of the relevant provisions of the HW Rules 2016, the status of the SOPs prepared so far by the CPCB, the limitations of acid recovery from the WPL and the recommendations for an environmentally sound management of the WPL.
greenLIFE nella riunione Plenaria del dialogo sociale “Concia” alla Commissione europea
Lo scorso 23 novembre 2016 a Bruxelles, organizzata dalle parti sociali, il sindacato europeo industriAll e Cotance, Confederazione delle associazioni nazionali dei conciatori europei
Il progetto greenLIFE che vede coinvolte cinque aziende della filiera conciaria vicentina, Acque del Chiampo, Conceria Dani, Gruppo Mastrotto, Ikem, Ilsa, sarà presentato al meeting plenario del Comitato sul dialogo sociale, sezione concia ospitato dalla Commissione europea il prossimo 23 novembre a Bruxelles. La riunione segue l’adozione dello scorso dicembre 2015 di un manifesto redatto dalle parti sociali e dai rappresentanti industriali che sintetizza gli obiettivi per il futuro della concia europea, identificando le maggiori sfide. Tra queste la riduzione dell’impatto ambientale della filiera, la necessità di sviluppo in un’ottica di economia circolare e sancisce l’identità del settore come una industria del riciclo, la cui materia prima è di fatto un sottoprodotto dell’industria alimentare. Se dovessero continuare i trend di consumo e di crescita della popolazione - si legge nel manifesto - nel 2050 saranno necessarie le risorse di due pianeti e mezzo per soddisfarli. Lo sviluppo verso una economia circolare è quindi ineludibile e la sfida per il settore conciario riguarda principalmente la riduzione dell’uso di acqua e di prodotti chimici ad alto impatto, sottolineando la necessità di innovazione in questi ambiti. Ecco che il progetto greenLIFE si presenta ai rappresentanti europei come esempio di una fruttuosa collaborazione tra aziende e pubblico ( greenLIFE è stato finanziato per circa la metà del suo costo attraverso il programma LIFE dell’Unione Europea), che ha portato tra l’altro alla identificazione di sistemi di depilazione che potranno consentire un risparmio di acqua e di prodotti chimici fino al 20% , ma anche la valorizzazione di sottoprodotti in agricoltura e una diminuzione consistente di rifiuto solido. Relatori saranno Guido Zilli di Conceria Dani, coordinatore del progetto, e Paolo Gurisatti, presidente della Stazione sperimentale per l’industria delle pelli. Nuovi concianti naturali, provenienti da polisaccaridi derivanti da risorse rinnovabili, il monitoraggio dell’impatto ambientale dei diversi sistemi di calcinaio e concia, uno studio LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) per valutare l'impatto sulla depurazione delle acque in una prospettiva di ciclo di vita, sono altri risultati che sono stati illustrati alle parti sociali presenti a Bruxelles lo scorso 23 novembre.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI)9043inventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Effect of different parameters and storage conditions on liquid jaggery witho...eSAT Journals
Abstract Jaggery industry is a cottage industry in India. In today’s world liquid jaggery has been gaining a much importance due to its nutritional value. Studies were conducted to investigate the parameters affecting shelf life such pH, colour, brix , moisture content and range of temperatures on the concentration of reducing sugars. The variety Co86032 was selected to observe the effect of storage period on quality characteristics of liquid jaggery. Samples were stored at three different conditions i.e. room temperature(27°C), refrigeration (7°C) and high temperature (37°C) in pre-sterilized PET bottles for 90 days .In order to optimize the changes in properties physico-chemical tests were evaluated during storage. The pH decreased significantly, whereas, moisture content and reducing sugar increased significantly during storage. The changes in different attributes were significantly higher at 37°C temperature as compared to room temperature and refrigeration temperature. The results revealed that change in chemical composition was lower in case of refrigerated sample. Refrigerated sample was found more acceptable among other two samples after storage period of three months in terms of its chemical properties. Keywords: Liquid jaggery, without preservatives, Shelf life, Storage
SciCorp BIOLOGIC® is a proprietary plant-based blend of organic micronutrients that stimulates specific aerobic, anaerobic and facultative bacteria species causing competitive inhibition of sulphur reducing bacteria. The technology reduces energy costs, lowers sludge handling and disposal costs, reduces odors and improves treatment results at wastewater treatment plants. Wastewater treatment plants where the product has been successfully applied range in type and size from high capacity municipal and industrial plants to very small, low flow package plants, as well as many holding tank and waste storage/portable toilet applications.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.