This document summarizes a study that analyzes the seismic performance of steel buildings with different bracing systems. The study uses nonlinear time history analysis to compare the seismic response of 5-story and 15-story steel frame buildings with moment resisting frames and various braced frames, including X-braced, V-braced, inverted V-braced, and eccentrically braced frames. The analysis indicates that braced frames have higher base shear but lower story displacements compared to moment resisting frames. For 5-story buildings, X-bracing performed best at reducing displacements. For 15-story buildings, X-bracing and eccentrically braced frames showed the best seismic performance.
Behavior of plan irregularites using composite members by varying column spac...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Several studies proofs that the weaker columns has low seismic resistance, for this it is need to make the column stronger. The stronger columns can be obtained by many ways, here in this paper steel-concrete composite columns are considered. Use of composite columns in construction reduces the cross-section of the columns throughout the building and also increases the lateral-load resisting capacity to columns. The models consists of G+10, G+15, G+20 stories of Rectangular, L, T and plus shaped structures in which column spacing are varied as 3m, 4m, 5m and 6m along both directions in all structures. For all models the composite-column of size 450x450mm (ISMB 250) is kept constant, only the beam size has been varied accordingly while modeling a structure. The Response Spectrum analysis is done for all the buildings using ETABS version 15. Study is based on the performance of a multi-story building with plan irregularity under major earthquake forces by considering parameters like displacement, storey shear and drifts. Even though the cross section of the column considered is very small for tall buildings, the structure behaves stiff for severe seismic zone-V and also for different conditions; this is done by introducing steel-concrete composite column in a given building. Hence it is concluded that the use of composite columns in construction resists the lateral forces for many vulnerable conditions.
Keywords: Composite Column, Irregular Structure, Seismic Zone, Varying Height, Column Spacing.
Evaluation of the use of concentric steel bracing to improve seismic performa...eSAT Journals
Abstract Most of the existing RC frame structures were not designed to withstand seismic effect. To meet those criteria structures should be retrofitted and out of all available retrofitting techniques adding steel braces are considered to be most efficient technique to enhance the seismic performance of the RC frame structure. In the present study three types of buildings are considered i.e., (G+2), (G+5), (G+8) as low rise, medium rise, high rise respectively, and these buildings are assigned by four different types of braces namely X, V, Inverted V, Eccen Forward at the periphery bays of the building in three different pattern i.e., model A, model B and model C. And these buildings are analyzed by nonlinear pushover analysis by using SAP2000.It is observed that the hinges were first formed in beams and followed by columns in bare frame whereas hinges were first formed in braces and followed by columns and followed by beams in case of X, Eccen forward brace and in case of V and inverted V hinges are formed first in brace followed by beams and followed by columns. It is pointed out that RC frames which are assigned with inverted V brace has least shear force and bending moment in the beams when compared to the other brace frames and there is less amount of variations in axial force shear force and bending moment in case of column. Keywords: equivalent static analysis, steel braces, equivalent strut method
Analysis of multistoried braced steel space frame subjected to gravity and se...IJERA Editor
Steel structures are generally more flexible than other types of structure and lower in weight. Earthquake loads
are random in nature. It is difficult to predict them exactly. The action applied to a structure by an earthquake is
a ground movement with horizontal and vertical components. The horizontal movement is the most specific
feature of earthquake action because of its strength and because structures are generally better designed to resist
gravity than horizontal forces. These forces produce large stresses, strains, deformation and displacement
particularly in tall structures. To keep displacement within limit generally bracing is provided in steel structure. .
Bracings are generally used to increase lateral-stiffness, lateral- strength as well as lateral stability of the frame.
Variations in the column stiffness can influence the mode of failure and lateral stiffness of the bracing. In this
study steel frame is modeled and analyzed three Parts viz., (i) Model without Steel bracing (bare frame), (ii)
Model completely with fully braced steel frame („Cross‟ bracing), (iii) Model completely with fully braced steel
frame („Single diagonal‟ bracing).
Behavior of plan irregularites using composite members by varying column spac...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Several studies proofs that the weaker columns has low seismic resistance, for this it is need to make the column stronger. The stronger columns can be obtained by many ways, here in this paper steel-concrete composite columns are considered. Use of composite columns in construction reduces the cross-section of the columns throughout the building and also increases the lateral-load resisting capacity to columns. The models consists of G+10, G+15, G+20 stories of Rectangular, L, T and plus shaped structures in which column spacing are varied as 3m, 4m, 5m and 6m along both directions in all structures. For all models the composite-column of size 450x450mm (ISMB 250) is kept constant, only the beam size has been varied accordingly while modeling a structure. The Response Spectrum analysis is done for all the buildings using ETABS version 15. Study is based on the performance of a multi-story building with plan irregularity under major earthquake forces by considering parameters like displacement, storey shear and drifts. Even though the cross section of the column considered is very small for tall buildings, the structure behaves stiff for severe seismic zone-V and also for different conditions; this is done by introducing steel-concrete composite column in a given building. Hence it is concluded that the use of composite columns in construction resists the lateral forces for many vulnerable conditions.
Keywords: Composite Column, Irregular Structure, Seismic Zone, Varying Height, Column Spacing.
Evaluation of the use of concentric steel bracing to improve seismic performa...eSAT Journals
Abstract Most of the existing RC frame structures were not designed to withstand seismic effect. To meet those criteria structures should be retrofitted and out of all available retrofitting techniques adding steel braces are considered to be most efficient technique to enhance the seismic performance of the RC frame structure. In the present study three types of buildings are considered i.e., (G+2), (G+5), (G+8) as low rise, medium rise, high rise respectively, and these buildings are assigned by four different types of braces namely X, V, Inverted V, Eccen Forward at the periphery bays of the building in three different pattern i.e., model A, model B and model C. And these buildings are analyzed by nonlinear pushover analysis by using SAP2000.It is observed that the hinges were first formed in beams and followed by columns in bare frame whereas hinges were first formed in braces and followed by columns and followed by beams in case of X, Eccen forward brace and in case of V and inverted V hinges are formed first in brace followed by beams and followed by columns. It is pointed out that RC frames which are assigned with inverted V brace has least shear force and bending moment in the beams when compared to the other brace frames and there is less amount of variations in axial force shear force and bending moment in case of column. Keywords: equivalent static analysis, steel braces, equivalent strut method
Analysis of multistoried braced steel space frame subjected to gravity and se...IJERA Editor
Steel structures are generally more flexible than other types of structure and lower in weight. Earthquake loads
are random in nature. It is difficult to predict them exactly. The action applied to a structure by an earthquake is
a ground movement with horizontal and vertical components. The horizontal movement is the most specific
feature of earthquake action because of its strength and because structures are generally better designed to resist
gravity than horizontal forces. These forces produce large stresses, strains, deformation and displacement
particularly in tall structures. To keep displacement within limit generally bracing is provided in steel structure. .
Bracings are generally used to increase lateral-stiffness, lateral- strength as well as lateral stability of the frame.
Variations in the column stiffness can influence the mode of failure and lateral stiffness of the bracing. In this
study steel frame is modeled and analyzed three Parts viz., (i) Model without Steel bracing (bare frame), (ii)
Model completely with fully braced steel frame („Cross‟ bracing), (iii) Model completely with fully braced steel
frame („Single diagonal‟ bracing).
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF OMRF & SMRF STRUCTURAL SYSTEM USING DIFFERENT SOFTWARESAM Publications
This study is carried out to investigate the seismic behaviour of the structure having various structural configurations
like OMRF (Ordinary Moment Resisting Frames), SMRF (Special Moment Resisting Frames) using different softwares i.e.
Stadd.Pro & Etabs. A comparative study of all the types of frames will shed light on the best suited frame to be adopted for seismic
loads in Indian scenario. For this purpose, a G+6 storey R.C.C. regular building are analysed for OMRCF, SMRCF framing
configurations in Seismic Zone III & IV according to Indian codes. Linear static Analysis or Equivalent static Analysis are carried
out to evaluate their structural efficiencies in terms of storey drifts, average storey displacement, Time period. In OMRF structures
the design and detailing of reinforcement are executed as per the guide lines of I.S. 456-2000 which make the structure less tough
and ductile in comparison of SMRF structures. The basic approach of earthquake resistant design should be based on lateral
strength as well as deformability and ductility capacity of structure .In SMRF structures Beams, columns, and beam-column joints
are proportioned and detailed as per I.S. code 13920(2002) which give adequate toughness and ductility to resist severe earthquake
shock without collapse. Thus it has been observed that SMRF structures behave well in earthquake than OMRF structures.
Analysis of multistoried braced frame subjected to seismic and gravity loading.IJERA Editor
The structure in high seismic areas may be susceptible to the severe damage. Along with gravity load structure has to withstand to lateral load which can develop high stresses. Now-a-days, shear wall in R.C. structure and steel bracings in steel structure are most popular system to resist lateral load due to earthquake, wind, blast etc. bracing is a highly efficient and economical method of resisting horizontal forces in a frame structure. Bracing is efficient because the diagonals work in axial stress and therefore call for minimum member sizes in providing stiffness and strength against horizontal shear. Through the addition of the bracing system, load could be transferred out of the frame and into the braces, by passing the weak columns while increasing strength. In this study Steel Frame is modeled and analyzed three Parts viz., (i) Model without Steel bracing (bare frame), (ii) Model completely Steel braced (fully braced frame), (iii) Model with partially Steel bay wise braced frames. The computer aided analysis is done by using STAAD-PRO to find out the effective lateral load system during earthquake in high seismic areas.
Effect of steel bracing on vertically irregular r.c.c building frames under s...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Earthquakes are one of the most life threatening, environmental hazardous and destructive natural phenomenons that causes
shaking of ground. This result in damage to the structures, hence we need to design the buildings to withstand these earthquakes
which may occur at least once in the life time of the structure. Structures possess less stiffness and strength in case of irregular
configured frames; to enhance this, lateral load resisting systems are introduced into the frames. In this study, G+5 storey
building model has been analyzed considering different types of vertical geometric irregularities and steel bracings using
pushover analysis with the help of ETABS 9.7 software. Addition of X type brace, V type Brace and Inverted V/K type brace shows
that use of X-type of bracing is found more suitable to enhance the performance of the irregular buildings.
Key Words: pushover analysis, vertical irregularity, steel bracings, performance point.
we using lathe bed choose different materials and using creo and ansys we conclude some results that which material is best, also we remove some materials in order to reduce cost and weight.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF OMRF & SMRF STRUCTURAL SYSTEM USING DIFFERENT SOFTWARESAM Publications
This study is carried out to investigate the seismic behaviour of the structure having various structural configurations
like OMRF (Ordinary Moment Resisting Frames), SMRF (Special Moment Resisting Frames) using different softwares i.e.
Stadd.Pro & Etabs. A comparative study of all the types of frames will shed light on the best suited frame to be adopted for seismic
loads in Indian scenario. For this purpose, a G+6 storey R.C.C. regular building are analysed for OMRCF, SMRCF framing
configurations in Seismic Zone III & IV according to Indian codes. Linear static Analysis or Equivalent static Analysis are carried
out to evaluate their structural efficiencies in terms of storey drifts, average storey displacement, Time period. In OMRF structures
the design and detailing of reinforcement are executed as per the guide lines of I.S. 456-2000 which make the structure less tough
and ductile in comparison of SMRF structures. The basic approach of earthquake resistant design should be based on lateral
strength as well as deformability and ductility capacity of structure .In SMRF structures Beams, columns, and beam-column joints
are proportioned and detailed as per I.S. code 13920(2002) which give adequate toughness and ductility to resist severe earthquake
shock without collapse. Thus it has been observed that SMRF structures behave well in earthquake than OMRF structures.
Analysis of multistoried braced frame subjected to seismic and gravity loading.IJERA Editor
The structure in high seismic areas may be susceptible to the severe damage. Along with gravity load structure has to withstand to lateral load which can develop high stresses. Now-a-days, shear wall in R.C. structure and steel bracings in steel structure are most popular system to resist lateral load due to earthquake, wind, blast etc. bracing is a highly efficient and economical method of resisting horizontal forces in a frame structure. Bracing is efficient because the diagonals work in axial stress and therefore call for minimum member sizes in providing stiffness and strength against horizontal shear. Through the addition of the bracing system, load could be transferred out of the frame and into the braces, by passing the weak columns while increasing strength. In this study Steel Frame is modeled and analyzed three Parts viz., (i) Model without Steel bracing (bare frame), (ii) Model completely Steel braced (fully braced frame), (iii) Model with partially Steel bay wise braced frames. The computer aided analysis is done by using STAAD-PRO to find out the effective lateral load system during earthquake in high seismic areas.
Effect of steel bracing on vertically irregular r.c.c building frames under s...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Earthquakes are one of the most life threatening, environmental hazardous and destructive natural phenomenons that causes
shaking of ground. This result in damage to the structures, hence we need to design the buildings to withstand these earthquakes
which may occur at least once in the life time of the structure. Structures possess less stiffness and strength in case of irregular
configured frames; to enhance this, lateral load resisting systems are introduced into the frames. In this study, G+5 storey
building model has been analyzed considering different types of vertical geometric irregularities and steel bracings using
pushover analysis with the help of ETABS 9.7 software. Addition of X type brace, V type Brace and Inverted V/K type brace shows
that use of X-type of bracing is found more suitable to enhance the performance of the irregular buildings.
Key Words: pushover analysis, vertical irregularity, steel bracings, performance point.
we using lathe bed choose different materials and using creo and ansys we conclude some results that which material is best, also we remove some materials in order to reduce cost and weight.
Behavior of plan irregularites using composite members by varying column spac...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Several studies proofs that the weaker columns has low seismic resistance, for this it is need to make the column stronger. The stronger columns can be obtained by many ways, here in this paper steel-concrete composite columns are considered. Use of composite columns in construction reduces the cross-section of the columns throughout the building and also increases the lateral-load resisting capacity to columns. The models consists of G+10, G+15, G+20 stories of Rectangular, L, T and plus shaped structures in which column spacing are varied as 3m, 4m, 5m and 6m along both directions in all structures. For all models the composite-column of size 450x450mm (ISMB 250) is kept constant, only the beam size has been varied accordingly while modeling a structure. The Response Spectrum analysis is done for all the buildings using ETABS version 15. Study is based on the performance of a multi-story building with plan irregularity under major earthquake forces by considering parameters like displacement, storey shear and drifts. Even though the cross section of the column considered is very small for tall buildings, the structure behaves stiff for severe seismic zone-V and also for different conditions; this is done by introducing steel-concrete composite column in a given building. Hence it is concluded that the use of composite columns in construction resists the lateral forces for many vulnerable conditions.
Keywords: Composite Column, Irregular Structure, Seismic Zone, Varying Height, Column Spacing.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
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Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.