Tata Institute of Social Sciences - Master of Public Health 2016-18Anshuman
Greetings from Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai!
The dedicated team at School of Health System Studies, TISS offers a specialized course in Master of Public Health-Social Epidemiology which transforms students from enthusiastic workers into trained public health professionals with a strong foundation in research. The course is designed to equip students with the knowledge and skills necessary to overcome challenges in the field of public health and healthcare.
We invite you for pre-placement talks, guest lectures and interaction with the students.
Thank you!
Tata Institute of Social Sciences - Master of Public Health 2016-18Anshuman
Greetings from Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai!
The dedicated team at School of Health System Studies, TISS offers a specialized course in Master of Public Health-Social Epidemiology which transforms students from enthusiastic workers into trained public health professionals with a strong foundation in research. The course is designed to equip students with the knowledge and skills necessary to overcome challenges in the field of public health and healthcare.
We invite you for pre-placement talks, guest lectures and interaction with the students.
Thank you!
WHO defined health in 1984 as "a state of complete physical, mental, social & spiritual well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
Health doesn't mean absence of diseases but it has a broader concept.
The biomedical model of health has been dominant around the globe since several decades. The main content of shared document is to explain its actual meaning, its core principles and its claims about health and illness. At the end, some of the critical suggestions have been highlighted for the readers to create an awareness among the health professionals for adopting the other more appropriate models of health in order to exceed the longevity with health promotion.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Environm...ijtsrd
Background Environmental health the branch of public health concerned with monitoring or mitigating those factors in the environment that affect human health and disease. Or other words the condition of the environment in a particular region, especially as regards ecological diversity or pollution. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess effectiveness of planned teaching programme on environmental health among the community people. Methodology The research approach adopted for this study is a Quantitative research approach. The research design was pre test and post test design. The pilot study was conducted at Rural Area Gandhi Nagar Bhopal. A Convenient sampling technique was used. Structured knowledge questionnaire was used to assessing the environmental Health. The final study was conducted with 50 sample in schools was given followed by post test after 7 days using the same pre test tools. The data collected was analyzed using inferential statistics. Results Indicated overall pre test and post test mean knowledge scores on environmental health. Depicted mean post test score 24.95 is higher than mean pre test score of 16.825. The actual gain knowledge score is 8.125 and post test SD =3.25, pre test SD=4.50 and computed paired t test 9.3235 p= 2.04 at the level of 0.05. Thus, data showed higher than the tabled value t test = 2.18 at the level of 0.05 thus indicated significant difference and effectiveness of planned teaching program, in increasing the knowledge of Community people regarding environmental health. The computed ”˜t’ value t=9.3235 was higher than the table value t=2.04 at 0.05 level of significance. Hence, the research hypothesis H1 was accepted. Conclusion The study concluded that planned teaching program was effective in increasing the knowledge score of Community people regarding environmental health. Ms. Sunita Singh | Mr. Mata Deen | Mrs. Malika Roy "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Environmental Health among the Community People in Selected Rural Area Gandhi Nagar Bhopal (M.P.)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50349.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/50349/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-planned-teaching-programme-on-environmental-health-among-the-community-people-in-selected-rural-area-gandhi-nagar-bhopal-mp/ms-sunita-singh
WHO defined health in 1984 as "a state of complete physical, mental, social & spiritual well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
Health doesn't mean absence of diseases but it has a broader concept.
The biomedical model of health has been dominant around the globe since several decades. The main content of shared document is to explain its actual meaning, its core principles and its claims about health and illness. At the end, some of the critical suggestions have been highlighted for the readers to create an awareness among the health professionals for adopting the other more appropriate models of health in order to exceed the longevity with health promotion.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Environm...ijtsrd
Background Environmental health the branch of public health concerned with monitoring or mitigating those factors in the environment that affect human health and disease. Or other words the condition of the environment in a particular region, especially as regards ecological diversity or pollution. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess effectiveness of planned teaching programme on environmental health among the community people. Methodology The research approach adopted for this study is a Quantitative research approach. The research design was pre test and post test design. The pilot study was conducted at Rural Area Gandhi Nagar Bhopal. A Convenient sampling technique was used. Structured knowledge questionnaire was used to assessing the environmental Health. The final study was conducted with 50 sample in schools was given followed by post test after 7 days using the same pre test tools. The data collected was analyzed using inferential statistics. Results Indicated overall pre test and post test mean knowledge scores on environmental health. Depicted mean post test score 24.95 is higher than mean pre test score of 16.825. The actual gain knowledge score is 8.125 and post test SD =3.25, pre test SD=4.50 and computed paired t test 9.3235 p= 2.04 at the level of 0.05. Thus, data showed higher than the tabled value t test = 2.18 at the level of 0.05 thus indicated significant difference and effectiveness of planned teaching program, in increasing the knowledge of Community people regarding environmental health. The computed ”˜t’ value t=9.3235 was higher than the table value t=2.04 at 0.05 level of significance. Hence, the research hypothesis H1 was accepted. Conclusion The study concluded that planned teaching program was effective in increasing the knowledge score of Community people regarding environmental health. Ms. Sunita Singh | Mr. Mata Deen | Mrs. Malika Roy "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Environmental Health among the Community People in Selected Rural Area Gandhi Nagar Bhopal (M.P.)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50349.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/50349/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-planned-teaching-programme-on-environmental-health-among-the-community-people-in-selected-rural-area-gandhi-nagar-bhopal-mp/ms-sunita-singh
This presentation offers insight on how to build health equity.
Dr. Cory Neudorf
CMHO, Saskatoon Health Region
Assistant Professor at the University of Saskatoon
Rogers diffusion of innovation theory is a particularly good th.docxdaniely50
Roger's diffusion of innovation theory is a particularly good theoretical framework to apply to an EBP project. However, students may also choose to use change models, such as Duck's change curve model or the transtheoretical model of behavioral change. Other conceptual models, such as a utilization model (Stetler's model) and EBP models (the Iowa model and ARCC model) can also be used as a framework for applying your evidence-based proposal in clinical practice. Apply one of the above models and carry your implementation through each of the stages, phases, or steps identified in the chosen model.
In 500-750 words (not including the title page and references page), discuss applying one of the change models to the implementation plan:
Identify the selected model or theoretical framework and discuss its relevance to your project.
Discuss each of the stages in the change model/framework.
Describe how you would apply each stage in your proposed implementation.
In addition, create a conceptual model of the project. Although you will not be submitting the conceptual model you design in Topic 4 with the narrative, you will include the conceptual model in the appendices for the final paper.
You are required to cite three to five sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
Please add 5 references that are 5 years or less. I have attached my most current essay to help you with the essay.
Proposed Evidence-Based Practice Project
Solution
Diane Boll
Grand Canyon University: NUR 590
12-9-2020
Proposed solutions
Diabetes mellitus type 2 is generally considered a lifestyle condition and this makes it more prevalent among individuals from lower socioeconomic status. This is because of the many barriers that prevent such individuals from accessing quality healthcare. Thus, providing improved and better healthcare to such people can be very crucial in reducing the prevalence of Diabetes mellitus type 2 (Ong et al., 2018). Achieving this would require adequately funding the healthcare facilities especially in areas where people with lower socioeconomic status live to facilitate preventive care for type 2 diabetes. Also, ensuring there is an adequate number of healthcare providers such as nurses and physicians especially in the remote areas where an individual from low-income communities’ lives is crucial in reducing the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (Ong et al., 2018). This will ensure such individuals have access to quality healthcare concerning diabetes whenever they need it. Health promotional services that involve encouraging people to practice good dietary and healthy lifestyles can offer important solutions in the management of diabetes (Butler, 2017).
Organizational structure
The .
Preventing Illness 2015 Commissioning a Sustainable Health System4 All of Us
Preventing Illness 2015 was held at The Wellcome Trust on Tuesday November 24th the conference looked at how we can create a preventative health system which focuses on reducing illness, improves sustainability, improves public health whilst joining health and social care together and reducing pressure on our NHS.
Advancing Nursing Research to Address Global Health ChallengesRyan Michael Oducado
I this presentation, I will delve into the significance
of nursing research, some of the global health challenges that demand our attention,
the current state of nursing research, the vital role of studies conducted by nurses in
addressing these challenges, and how we can collectively advance the cause of
nursing research. We will also explore the challenges and the hurdles that often
accompany our research journey. Furthermore, we will discuss the power of
research, the strengths of collaboration, the availability of resources, and the
dissemination of research findings to create a positive, lasting impact.
Overview of strategies of public health services in a typical.pptxAshok Pandey
3.1 Advocacy of public health perspective in the urban and rural municipalities for establishment of public- health focused section/unit and program plan
3.2 Incorporation of public health core actions (promotive, preventive, protective, control and encouragement for early detection and treatment of diseases) and intervention, such as educational policy-regulatory, infrastructural, community organizational and managerial interventions in municipal health plans supported by human resources for implementation
3.3 Mobilization of local clubs and organizations
3.4 Inter-organizational coordination, cooperation and resource mobilization
3.5 Excessive use of local (specifically in rural setting) and mass media (specifically in urban setting)
3.6 Establishment of public health service centers at wards
3.7 Special roles and functions of public health practitioners at the local health and medical service centers in the rural and urban settings
Unit 4: International public health 18 hours
4.1 Need for developing specific public health perspective to international health: global aspirations regarding health and disease
a. Global aspiration on health: healthy world population;
healthy planet; health as fundamental human rights
b. Universal coverage of health services
c. Concept of global philosophy on Sarbajanahitaya
(Universal good for world people; SarbajanaSukhhaya
(Universal happiness)
4.2 Definition of international health, ,international public health
and synonymous term global health
4.3 Characteristics of international health
4.4 Historical background of international public health movement
4.5 Significant forces affecting to international health
4.6 Current international health issues demanding global public
health action
A review of GLOBALIZATION, A Very Short Introduction by Manfred B. StegerAshok Pandey
Manfred B. Steger is a political scientist and author known for his work on globalization. "GLOBALIZATION: A Very Short Introduction" is one of the books in the "Very Short Introductions" series published by Oxford University Press. These books provide concise and accessible introductions to a wide range of topics. In "GLOBALIZATION: A Very Short Introduction," Manfred B. Steger explores the concept of globalization and its impact on the world. He discusses the economic, political, cultural, and social dimensions of globalization and provides readers with a comprehensive overview of the subject. The book delves into the historical roots of globalization, its contemporary manifestations, and the debates surrounding its effects on various aspects of society.
Critics
Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of countries and economies through the exchange of goods, services, information, and ideas. While globalization has brought about significant economic growth and technological advancement, Marxists often critique it from several angles:
a. Exploitation: Marxists argue that globalization can exacerbate global economic inequalities, as multinational corporations exploit cheap labor in developing countries to maximize profits.
b. Imperialism: Some Marxists see globalization as a form of imperialism, where powerful nations and multinational corporations dominate and exploit weaker nations and their resources.
c. Cultural Homogenization: Critics within the Marxist tradition contend that globalization can lead to cultural homogenization, as Western values and consumer culture become dominant worldwide, erasing local traditions and identities.
d. Capital Mobility: Globalization has facilitated the movement of capital across borders, allowing multinational corporations to evade taxes and regulations, which can undermine the power of nation-states.
In summary, Marxism provides a critical framework for analyzing the impact of globalization on societies and economies, emphasizing issues of class struggle, exploitation, and inequality. While Marxism has influenced various social and political movements, its application to contemporary globalization debates remains a complex and evolving topic.
- The meaning and definition of the Hypothesis.
- The Nature of Hypothesis.
- The Importance and Use of Hypothesis in Research Methodology.
- The Sources of Hypothesis.
- The Relationship Between Variables and Hypothesis.
- The Types of Hypothesis.
- Formulating a Good Hypothesis.
- Characteristics of a Good Hypothesis.
- Hypothesis Testing.
- Errors in Hypothesis Testing
National Conference on Comprehensive Sexuality Education 24 – 25 May 2023, Ka...Ashok Pandey
National Conference on Comprehensive Sexuality Education
24 – 25 May 2023, Kathmandu
Intervention on Comprehensive Sexuality Education: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review
Finalizing and Reviewing the Health Research Proposal_Ashok.pptxAshok Pandey
To acquaint the participants with health research process, and
To enhance knowledge and skill of the participants for the development of health research proposal.
Desired subject areas for tourism and development of Arghakhanchi districts: Agriculture, Tourism, Education, Technical education, Health, Hydropower related, Industries, Physical Infrastructures, Startup sectors and viability. Home Stay viability wit the area selection.
https://www.ratopati.com/story/350218/sushila
Upon the successful completion of the course the students will be
able to:
1. Describe the meaning of rural health.
2. Identify rural health issues and service needs by
appraising the health and medical condition and their
determining factors.
Project Management equips the business professional with leading methodologies and practices in the health project management field. Public health professional need to manage different health related programme intervention, development and evaluation. Professionals need to accompany the knowledge about the project management and this chapter describes all the matters of project management. Project management is a requirement for professionals in many fields, with many employers now identifying project management skills as vital for corporate success.
Public Opinion and Compliance Survey on Tobacco Control and Legislations in N...Ashok Pandey
Nepal passed a comprehensive tobacco control law in April 2011
From May 15, 2015, picture and text warnings must be placed on 90 percent
Nepal received the Bloomberg award for advancing ahead with the biggest-ever pictorial graphic health warnings
NHEICC, being a focal point for tobacco control, is conducting various programs for the effective implementation of the enforced law.
SPSS is short for Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, and it's used by various kinds of researchers for complex statistical data analysis. The SPSS software package was created for the management and statistical analysis of social science data.
This course has been designed to equip the student with the basic research design including research methods in health sciences. The course aims to impart basic knowledge on different types of study design
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
INVESTMENT ON PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH AND ITS RETURN
1. INVESTMENT ON PUBLIC
HEALTH RESEARCH AND ITS
RETURN
FROM THE LENS OF PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCHER FOR PUBLIC HEALTH
GRADUATES AND PROFESSIONALS
Ashok Pandey
First Batch
LBCoHS
2. Table of content
My Intervention (In terms of rupees)
Return from my intervention (In terms of stipend, rupees, certificate, award)
1. LBCOHS college life
2. LBCOHS teacher life
3. Involvement on research for motivation
Investment on public health research and its return
What Can $10 of Public Health Spending Buy?
National context
Acknowledgement
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 2
3. LBCOHS college life
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 3
Intervention
Cost: Nearby 2 lakh for BPH & 4 Lakh for MPH
Duration: 5 years
My Investment (In terms of rupees)
4. Return from my intervention (In terms of stipend,
rupees, certificate, award)
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 4
18. What Can $10 of Public Health Spending Buy?
1. Decrease of 7.4 percent in infectious disease morbidity and a 1.5
percent decrease in premature mortality at the county level.
(Erwin PC, Mays GP, Riley WJ. Resources that may matter: the impact of local health department expenditures on health
status. Public Health Reports. 2011;127(1):89-95.)
2. Increase of 0.6 percent in the proportion of the population in very
good or excellent health.
(Brown TT, Martinez-Gutierrez MS, Navab B. The impact of changes in county public health expenditures on general health
in the population. Health Economics, Policy and Law. 2014;9(03):251-269.)
3. Decrease of 0.4 cases of salmonella per 10,000 person years
(Bekemeier B, Yip MP-Y, Dunbar MD, Whitman G, Kwan-Gett T. Local Health Department Food Safety and Sanitation
Expenditures and Reductions in Enteric Disease, 2000–2010. American Journal of Public Health. 2015;105(S2):S345-S352.)
4. Decrease of 3-6 percent of county-level STD rates.
(Gallet CA. The Impact of Public Health Spending on California STD Rates. International Advances in
Economic Research. 2017;23(2):149-159.)
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 18
19. Return on investment
1. Reducing childhood exposure to mercury through mercury and air toxics standards (MATS)
(United States) (EPA, 2011)
• Empirical study
• Timescale: 10 years
• Savings: > US$ 37 billion per year in health benefits
2. Removal of lead from domestic paint and plumbing in at-risk neighbourhoods (France)
(Pichery et al., 2011)
• Modelling study
• Timescale: projected life-year
• Cost: €3600–9200 per home
• Savings: €8800–51 400 reduction in cost of illness per de-leaded home
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 19
20. Return on investment
3. Rotavirus vaccine and health care utilization for diarrhoea in
children (United States) (Cortes et al., 2011)
• Timescale: 2 years
• Savings: US$ 278 million in reduced treatment costs
4. Measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination (United
Kingdom) (WHO, 2013b)
• Modelling study
• Timescale: 10 years
• Costs: £0.17–0.97 per person
• Savings: £240 730–544 490 over 10 years in reduced treatment
costs
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 20
21. Return on investment
5. Flu vaccine (United Kingdom) (Scuffham& West, 2002; Burls et al., 2006)
• Modelling study
• Timescale: projected lifetime
• Return on investment: £1.35 for every £1 spent on targeted flu vaccination
• Savings rise to £12 per vaccination when health care workers are vaccinated
6. Pneumococcal vaccination in Spain (children under 2) (Spain) (Morano et
al., 2011)
• Timescale: 1 year
• Cost: €38.36 per dose + €4.88 administration per person
• Savings: €22 million
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 21
22. Cost saving
1. Counselling programmes to promote physical activity and a
community based walking scheme (United Kingdom) (Windle et al.,
2008)
• Timescale 6 months
• Cost: £9.50–220 per participant (community-based)
• QALY gains: from 3.0 per 1000 individuals over 6 months (physical
activity counselling intervention) to 28.3 per 1000 individuals over 6
months (community-based walking programme)
2. Screening for diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance (United
Kingdom) (Gillies et al., 2008)
• Modelling study
• Timescale: 50 years
• Cost–effectiveness: £6242 per QALY
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 22
23. Cost saving
3. Hepatitis B vaccination (United States) (Margolis et al., 1995)
• Modelling study
• Timescale: projected lifetime
• US$ 164 per life-year saved for perinatal immunization (societal
perspective)
4. Screening for diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance (United
Kingdom) (Gillies et al., 2008)
• Modelling study
• Timescale: 50 years
• Cost–effectiveness: £6242 per QALY 8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 23
24. Masters R, et al. J Epidemiol Community Health 2017;71:827–834. doi:10.1136/jech-2016-208141
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 24
25. Median, maximum and minimum return on investment values stratified by specialism
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 25
26. Median, maximum and minimum cost : benefit ratios stratified by specialism.
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 26
27. A median return on investment of public health
interventions of ∼14:1.
Thus, for every £1 invested in public health, £14
will subsequently be returned to the wider
health and social care economy.
Based on this findings
For my intervention
84 Lakh : 6 Lakh
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 27
28. Approximately $270 billion invested in biomedical
and health research each year by UK.
Jonathan Grant, Erin Montague, Martin Buxton & Matt Glover 16 Jan 2018
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 28
29. In Nepal
At least 2 percent of the total national health budget for health
research promotion as recommended by Ministerial Summit on
Health Research held in Mexico on 16-20 November 2004.
In Health 180 Million Nepali rupees (US$ 15 Lakh)
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 29
Health budget has increased to NRs. 90.69 billion (US$748.1 million) in
the fiscal year 2020/21