This document contains slides from several proposal development workshops conducted by Ashok Pandey of the Policy Research Institute in Nepal. The slides provide guidance on developing research ideas and formulating research questions. Some key points include: developing enthusiasm for your research idea; getting feedback from others; assessing feasibility; being open, curious and willing to take risks as attributes of creative researchers; and using criteria like feasibility, interest, novelty, ethics and relevance to evaluate potential research topics. The document also provides examples of different levels of research questions and the PICOT framework for formulating good research questions.
Discussion of research uptake and impact activities and reflections from our work on unsafe abortions in Zambia: ESRC DFID Poverty Alleviation ConferenceTuesday 9 September 2014
Presented by John Young (ODI) and Laura Harper (Wellcome) at the Public Engagement Workshop, 2-5 Dec. 2008, KwaZulu-Natal South Africa, http://scienceincommunity.wordpress.com/
This presentation was part of a group discussion based workshop we will hosted at the ESRC DFID Poverty Alleviation Conference in London on 9 September 2014
Discussion of research uptake and impact activities and reflections from our work on unsafe abortions in Zambia: ESRC DFID Poverty Alleviation ConferenceTuesday 9 September 2014
Presented by John Young (ODI) and Laura Harper (Wellcome) at the Public Engagement Workshop, 2-5 Dec. 2008, KwaZulu-Natal South Africa, http://scienceincommunity.wordpress.com/
This presentation was part of a group discussion based workshop we will hosted at the ESRC DFID Poverty Alleviation Conference in London on 9 September 2014
There is growing global recognition that violence against women and violence against children, and in particular intimate partner violence against women and violence against children by parents or caregivers, intersect in different ways. As global evidence of and interest in these intersections continue to grow, strategies are needed to enhance collaborations across these fields and thus ensure the best outcomes for both women and children. In response, the Sexual Violence Research Initiative (SVRI), the UNICEF Innocenti – Global Office of Research and Foresight, and the UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction hosted by WHO’s Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health, partnered to coordinate a global participatory process to identify research priorities that relate to the intersections between violence against children and violence against women.
While priorities are important, the way in which these priorities are determined is also crucial, especially for ownership, contextualization and use. Inclusive, participatory research-setting, such as used in this work, serves to promote a diversity of voices – especially from low- and middle-income countries which have historically lacked representation – and minimize the risk of bias when establishing research priorities.
This report describes the process used to determine the priorities for research on the intersections between violence against children and violence against women, and the top 10 research questions identified.
Building Research Partnerships for Public Health ImpactDr. Ebele Mogo
How can collaborative research be used to drive social impact? A presentation as a panelist at the Society for Social Medicine's Early Career Researcher Workshop 2020
InstructionsPart Four of Applied Final Project,Playing with Ge.docxpauline234567
Instructions
Part Four of Applied Final Project,Playing with Gender: Understanding Our Gendered Selves:
"Understanding My Playing-with-Gender Act" (20% of course grade; due end of Week 7) Five (5) pages (1200-1500 words)
All parts of this project should be formatted in APA style (follow for both essay and citation styles):https://libguides.umgc.edu/c.php?g=1003870
Purpose: Act Analysis
In this part of the assignment, you will perform, describe, and analyze your act. After you perform your act, compose a 5-page (1200-1500 words) task specifying your experiences. The first section (one-third to one-half of your paper) should describe your act and your responses to it, and the second section should analyze your act in terms of the scholarship on gender:
Section One (minimum 500 words):
1. Describe your act:
2. What did you do?
3. Where did you do it?
4. How did you prepare for it?
5. What responses did you get while performing your act?
6. How did you feel while performing your act?
7. What would you do differently if you had to perform this same act again? Would you perform the act in the same location and at same time? Would you change your appearance during the act? Would you do anything else differently?
8. Please refer directly to the required reading on Participant Observation (Mack et al., 2005) in this section of the paper (Mack et al., 2005) (
PLEASE see attached for document):
Mack et al. (2005). "Module Two: Participant Observation," from
Qualitative Research Methods: A Data Collector's Field Guide, Family Health International. Read Module 2, pages 13-27. Retrieved from
https://www.fhi360.org/sites/default/files/media/documents/Qualitative%20Research%20Methods%20-%20A%20Data%20Collector's%20Field%20Guide.pdf
Section Two: (minimum 700 words):
(Please see attached for document listing the sources)
Referring directly to at least three academic sources for support (these may be pulled from the sources you identified and discussed in your Annotated Bibliography for Part 3
and/or the readings for this class), consider the potential impact of your act. Here are some questions to consider (you do not have to answer all of these questions; they are provided to help you to think about ways your act may have impact on society):
· Can you explain the range of reactions to your act? Did those reactions reflect any of the sociological scholarship found in the course readings or in your research? Did any of the reactions challenge that research?
· How do you think class, race, age, and sexuality came into play during the conception and performance of the act?
· Was performing this act an act of feminism? Why? and, if so, what type(s) of feminism?
· Was your act an act of activism? That is, could it help to create social change? If so, how?
Please see attached for Project 1, 2 & 3 for information and assistance.
Qualitative
Research
Methods:
A DATA CO L L E.
Slides from NHS Citizen Research Workshop convened on the 7th of April 2015 at the University of Westminster to discuss the Research Hub, a brand new element of the NHS Citizen design intended to support wider research and knowledge sharing.
The aim of the workshop was to explore possible research questions and projects and this presentation introduces what NHS Citizen research might look like in its different forms.
Patient Engagement for Data Science, Technology & EngineeringCHICommunications
Learn the necessities and relationship between patient engagement and data science, engineering and technology.
Presented by Trish Roche, CHI's Knowledge Translation Practice Lead, this presentation is geared towards professionals in data science looking to hone their skills in patient engagement.
Emerging Participatory Research Methods for Digital Health CommunicationsAlex Bornkessel
This presentation was given as a part of the Health Communication Capacity Collaborative's (HC3) Health Communication Innovation Webinar Series. Many of the research methods highlighted however can also apply beyond the realm of just health communication and into other areas and across a diverse set of population groups.
Recording is located at: http://www.healthcommcapacity.org/blog/hc3-innovation-webinar-2-research-methodologies
Researcher KnowHow session presentation by Ruaraidh Hill PhD, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool
Covers:
*Introduction – issues with research evidence
* Reviews – overview of systematic reviews | types of review in the evidence ecosystem
* Developing review questions
* Reviews – planning next steps
Scientix 11th SPWatFCL Brussels 18-20 March 2016: Responsible Research and In...Brussels, Belgium
Session III - Workshop B: Responsible Research and Innovation at school tips and tools for supporting young scientists. Held during the 11th Science Projects Workshop in the Future Classroom Lab, Brussels, 18-20 March 2016
Why Patient Engagement Matters in Data Science, Engineering and TechnologyCHICommunications
This presentation, delivered on February 28, 2024, discusses and defines patient-oriented research as it relates to the fields of data science, engineering and technology.
Participants also learned about CHI's annual Preparing for Research by Engaging Patient and Public Partners (PREPPP) award.
chimb.ca
Overview of strategies of public health services in a typical.pptxAshok Pandey
3.1 Advocacy of public health perspective in the urban and rural municipalities for establishment of public- health focused section/unit and program plan
3.2 Incorporation of public health core actions (promotive, preventive, protective, control and encouragement for early detection and treatment of diseases) and intervention, such as educational policy-regulatory, infrastructural, community organizational and managerial interventions in municipal health plans supported by human resources for implementation
3.3 Mobilization of local clubs and organizations
3.4 Inter-organizational coordination, cooperation and resource mobilization
3.5 Excessive use of local (specifically in rural setting) and mass media (specifically in urban setting)
3.6 Establishment of public health service centers at wards
3.7 Special roles and functions of public health practitioners at the local health and medical service centers in the rural and urban settings
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There is growing global recognition that violence against women and violence against children, and in particular intimate partner violence against women and violence against children by parents or caregivers, intersect in different ways. As global evidence of and interest in these intersections continue to grow, strategies are needed to enhance collaborations across these fields and thus ensure the best outcomes for both women and children. In response, the Sexual Violence Research Initiative (SVRI), the UNICEF Innocenti – Global Office of Research and Foresight, and the UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction hosted by WHO’s Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health, partnered to coordinate a global participatory process to identify research priorities that relate to the intersections between violence against children and violence against women.
While priorities are important, the way in which these priorities are determined is also crucial, especially for ownership, contextualization and use. Inclusive, participatory research-setting, such as used in this work, serves to promote a diversity of voices – especially from low- and middle-income countries which have historically lacked representation – and minimize the risk of bias when establishing research priorities.
This report describes the process used to determine the priorities for research on the intersections between violence against children and violence against women, and the top 10 research questions identified.
Building Research Partnerships for Public Health ImpactDr. Ebele Mogo
How can collaborative research be used to drive social impact? A presentation as a panelist at the Society for Social Medicine's Early Career Researcher Workshop 2020
InstructionsPart Four of Applied Final Project,Playing with Ge.docxpauline234567
Instructions
Part Four of Applied Final Project,Playing with Gender: Understanding Our Gendered Selves:
"Understanding My Playing-with-Gender Act" (20% of course grade; due end of Week 7) Five (5) pages (1200-1500 words)
All parts of this project should be formatted in APA style (follow for both essay and citation styles):https://libguides.umgc.edu/c.php?g=1003870
Purpose: Act Analysis
In this part of the assignment, you will perform, describe, and analyze your act. After you perform your act, compose a 5-page (1200-1500 words) task specifying your experiences. The first section (one-third to one-half of your paper) should describe your act and your responses to it, and the second section should analyze your act in terms of the scholarship on gender:
Section One (minimum 500 words):
1. Describe your act:
2. What did you do?
3. Where did you do it?
4. How did you prepare for it?
5. What responses did you get while performing your act?
6. How did you feel while performing your act?
7. What would you do differently if you had to perform this same act again? Would you perform the act in the same location and at same time? Would you change your appearance during the act? Would you do anything else differently?
8. Please refer directly to the required reading on Participant Observation (Mack et al., 2005) in this section of the paper (Mack et al., 2005) (
PLEASE see attached for document):
Mack et al. (2005). "Module Two: Participant Observation," from
Qualitative Research Methods: A Data Collector's Field Guide, Family Health International. Read Module 2, pages 13-27. Retrieved from
https://www.fhi360.org/sites/default/files/media/documents/Qualitative%20Research%20Methods%20-%20A%20Data%20Collector's%20Field%20Guide.pdf
Section Two: (minimum 700 words):
(Please see attached for document listing the sources)
Referring directly to at least three academic sources for support (these may be pulled from the sources you identified and discussed in your Annotated Bibliography for Part 3
and/or the readings for this class), consider the potential impact of your act. Here are some questions to consider (you do not have to answer all of these questions; they are provided to help you to think about ways your act may have impact on society):
· Can you explain the range of reactions to your act? Did those reactions reflect any of the sociological scholarship found in the course readings or in your research? Did any of the reactions challenge that research?
· How do you think class, race, age, and sexuality came into play during the conception and performance of the act?
· Was performing this act an act of feminism? Why? and, if so, what type(s) of feminism?
· Was your act an act of activism? That is, could it help to create social change? If so, how?
Please see attached for Project 1, 2 & 3 for information and assistance.
Qualitative
Research
Methods:
A DATA CO L L E.
Slides from NHS Citizen Research Workshop convened on the 7th of April 2015 at the University of Westminster to discuss the Research Hub, a brand new element of the NHS Citizen design intended to support wider research and knowledge sharing.
The aim of the workshop was to explore possible research questions and projects and this presentation introduces what NHS Citizen research might look like in its different forms.
Patient Engagement for Data Science, Technology & EngineeringCHICommunications
Learn the necessities and relationship between patient engagement and data science, engineering and technology.
Presented by Trish Roche, CHI's Knowledge Translation Practice Lead, this presentation is geared towards professionals in data science looking to hone their skills in patient engagement.
Emerging Participatory Research Methods for Digital Health CommunicationsAlex Bornkessel
This presentation was given as a part of the Health Communication Capacity Collaborative's (HC3) Health Communication Innovation Webinar Series. Many of the research methods highlighted however can also apply beyond the realm of just health communication and into other areas and across a diverse set of population groups.
Recording is located at: http://www.healthcommcapacity.org/blog/hc3-innovation-webinar-2-research-methodologies
Researcher KnowHow session presentation by Ruaraidh Hill PhD, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool
Covers:
*Introduction – issues with research evidence
* Reviews – overview of systematic reviews | types of review in the evidence ecosystem
* Developing review questions
* Reviews – planning next steps
Scientix 11th SPWatFCL Brussels 18-20 March 2016: Responsible Research and In...Brussels, Belgium
Session III - Workshop B: Responsible Research and Innovation at school tips and tools for supporting young scientists. Held during the 11th Science Projects Workshop in the Future Classroom Lab, Brussels, 18-20 March 2016
Why Patient Engagement Matters in Data Science, Engineering and TechnologyCHICommunications
This presentation, delivered on February 28, 2024, discusses and defines patient-oriented research as it relates to the fields of data science, engineering and technology.
Participants also learned about CHI's annual Preparing for Research by Engaging Patient and Public Partners (PREPPP) award.
chimb.ca
Overview of strategies of public health services in a typical.pptxAshok Pandey
3.1 Advocacy of public health perspective in the urban and rural municipalities for establishment of public- health focused section/unit and program plan
3.2 Incorporation of public health core actions (promotive, preventive, protective, control and encouragement for early detection and treatment of diseases) and intervention, such as educational policy-regulatory, infrastructural, community organizational and managerial interventions in municipal health plans supported by human resources for implementation
3.3 Mobilization of local clubs and organizations
3.4 Inter-organizational coordination, cooperation and resource mobilization
3.5 Excessive use of local (specifically in rural setting) and mass media (specifically in urban setting)
3.6 Establishment of public health service centers at wards
3.7 Special roles and functions of public health practitioners at the local health and medical service centers in the rural and urban settings
Unit 4: International public health 18 hours
4.1 Need for developing specific public health perspective to international health: global aspirations regarding health and disease
a. Global aspiration on health: healthy world population;
healthy planet; health as fundamental human rights
b. Universal coverage of health services
c. Concept of global philosophy on Sarbajanahitaya
(Universal good for world people; SarbajanaSukhhaya
(Universal happiness)
4.2 Definition of international health, ,international public health
and synonymous term global health
4.3 Characteristics of international health
4.4 Historical background of international public health movement
4.5 Significant forces affecting to international health
4.6 Current international health issues demanding global public
health action
A review of GLOBALIZATION, A Very Short Introduction by Manfred B. StegerAshok Pandey
Manfred B. Steger is a political scientist and author known for his work on globalization. "GLOBALIZATION: A Very Short Introduction" is one of the books in the "Very Short Introductions" series published by Oxford University Press. These books provide concise and accessible introductions to a wide range of topics. In "GLOBALIZATION: A Very Short Introduction," Manfred B. Steger explores the concept of globalization and its impact on the world. He discusses the economic, political, cultural, and social dimensions of globalization and provides readers with a comprehensive overview of the subject. The book delves into the historical roots of globalization, its contemporary manifestations, and the debates surrounding its effects on various aspects of society.
Critics
Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of countries and economies through the exchange of goods, services, information, and ideas. While globalization has brought about significant economic growth and technological advancement, Marxists often critique it from several angles:
a. Exploitation: Marxists argue that globalization can exacerbate global economic inequalities, as multinational corporations exploit cheap labor in developing countries to maximize profits.
b. Imperialism: Some Marxists see globalization as a form of imperialism, where powerful nations and multinational corporations dominate and exploit weaker nations and their resources.
c. Cultural Homogenization: Critics within the Marxist tradition contend that globalization can lead to cultural homogenization, as Western values and consumer culture become dominant worldwide, erasing local traditions and identities.
d. Capital Mobility: Globalization has facilitated the movement of capital across borders, allowing multinational corporations to evade taxes and regulations, which can undermine the power of nation-states.
In summary, Marxism provides a critical framework for analyzing the impact of globalization on societies and economies, emphasizing issues of class struggle, exploitation, and inequality. While Marxism has influenced various social and political movements, its application to contemporary globalization debates remains a complex and evolving topic.
- The meaning and definition of the Hypothesis.
- The Nature of Hypothesis.
- The Importance and Use of Hypothesis in Research Methodology.
- The Sources of Hypothesis.
- The Relationship Between Variables and Hypothesis.
- The Types of Hypothesis.
- Formulating a Good Hypothesis.
- Characteristics of a Good Hypothesis.
- Hypothesis Testing.
- Errors in Hypothesis Testing
National Conference on Comprehensive Sexuality Education 24 – 25 May 2023, Ka...Ashok Pandey
National Conference on Comprehensive Sexuality Education
24 – 25 May 2023, Kathmandu
Intervention on Comprehensive Sexuality Education: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review
Finalizing and Reviewing the Health Research Proposal_Ashok.pptxAshok Pandey
To acquaint the participants with health research process, and
To enhance knowledge and skill of the participants for the development of health research proposal.
Desired subject areas for tourism and development of Arghakhanchi districts: Agriculture, Tourism, Education, Technical education, Health, Hydropower related, Industries, Physical Infrastructures, Startup sectors and viability. Home Stay viability wit the area selection.
https://www.ratopati.com/story/350218/sushila
Upon the successful completion of the course the students will be
able to:
1. Describe the meaning of rural health.
2. Identify rural health issues and service needs by
appraising the health and medical condition and their
determining factors.
Project Management equips the business professional with leading methodologies and practices in the health project management field. Public health professional need to manage different health related programme intervention, development and evaluation. Professionals need to accompany the knowledge about the project management and this chapter describes all the matters of project management. Project management is a requirement for professionals in many fields, with many employers now identifying project management skills as vital for corporate success.
Public Opinion and Compliance Survey on Tobacco Control and Legislations in N...Ashok Pandey
Nepal passed a comprehensive tobacco control law in April 2011
From May 15, 2015, picture and text warnings must be placed on 90 percent
Nepal received the Bloomberg award for advancing ahead with the biggest-ever pictorial graphic health warnings
NHEICC, being a focal point for tobacco control, is conducting various programs for the effective implementation of the enforced law.
SPSS is short for Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, and it's used by various kinds of researchers for complex statistical data analysis. The SPSS software package was created for the management and statistical analysis of social science data.
This course has been designed to equip the student with the basic research design including research methods in health sciences. The course aims to impart basic knowledge on different types of study design
This course has been designed to equip the student with the basic sampling methods in health sciences. The course aims to impart basic knowledge on sample size, sample selection, etc.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
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TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
3. Research Grant/Funding
1. How many research grant have you apply?
2. How much research grant have you got from
donor/funder?
3. List out the National and International
grant/donor?
Proposal Development Workshop 3
8. What is Idea?
• A thought or collection of thoughts that generate in
the mind.
• Usually generated with intent, but can also be
created unintentionally.
• Is an opinion or belief
• Are fragile.
• Consists of concrete steps that shuttle raw ideas
toward maturation.
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9. Example:
Research Ideas
GISWatch 2016 aims to unpack the relationship between
Economic, social and cultural rights (ESCRs) and the internet.
This will be done through documenting country-level stories that
serve as practical and lively examples of how the internet is being
used – or could be used – to realise these important human rights,
or that illustrate the relationship between the internet and ESCRs.
We are looking for potential authors who can conduct research in
their countries, with the assistance of a common framework to be
used by all.
https://giswatch.org/en/country-report/economic-social-and-cultural-rights-escrs/nepal
Proposal Development Workshop 9
12. Drivers shouldn’t work more than eight hours a Day
The Kathmandu Post
Nepal’s Labour Act has clearly fixed working hours at
48 hours a week (eight hours a day). However, this
law is not strictly implemented. There are different
reasons for violations owing to the poor economic
condition of many people and the country’s high
unemployment rate, among others. This violation in
working hours is most common among public bus
drivers. Among 10 Kathmandu bus drivers surveyed,
all of them claimed to be on wheels at least 12 hours
everyday.
Driving a bus is a high-risk occupation. Therefore, in
developed countries like Germany, France and
Holland, bus drivers work eight hours a day and 40
hours a week. During the working day, breaks are
provided in between two consecutive periods of
driving, for food and drink, relaxation and socializing.
Studies attribute 16–19 percent of total road accidents
to fatigue and sleepiness.
Driving is also stressful
work. It can cause
numerous health problems,
including musculoskeletal
problems of the back, neck,
shoulders and knees,
psychological problems like
fatigue, tension and mental
overload, stomach and
intestinal disorders and
sleeping problems. When
drivers are not physically
and mentally fit, traffic
accidents are certain to
happen.
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14. First Step for Idea Generation
By far the most important thing is to
be enthusiastic
If you do not seem excited by your idea, why
should others be?
Enthusiasm makes people dramatically more receptive
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15. The greatest ideas are worthless if you keep
them to yourself
Crystallize your ideas in writing
Ideas are personal
Ideas once fixed, communicate them to others with
confidence and trust
Get feedback
Build relationships
Second Step for Idea Generation
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16. Feasibility of Ideas need to be assessed
The role of the idea-receiver to assess the feasibility
of the idea.
The idea-receiver should be transparent about the
evaluative process. This extends the confidence of
the idea-sharer.
Third Step for Idea Generation
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17. Attributes of the Creative Person
• Openness to experience
• Observance – seeing things differently
• Curiosity
• Personal freedom
• Willingness to take calculated risks
• Freedom from fear of failure
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18. Number ONE Requirement…
• You need to have an imaginative mind
• You need a Questioning attitude
• Wonder why?
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19. Sources of Ideas
• Reviewing the Literature
• Intuition
• Discussions and Brainstorming with Colleagues
• District level Meetings and Seminars
• Observing
• Monitoring the Data
• Day-to-day Experience
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20. Variation within 7 provinces
(Under 5 Children stunting %)
NDHS
2016
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21. Variation within 7 provinces
( Under 5 children Stunted)
Province 1
33%
Province 3
29%
Gandaki
29%
Karnali
55%
Sudur
Paschim
36%
Province 5
39%
Province 2
37%
Nepal:
36%
Source: NDHS 2016
Targets
NHSS: 2020 31
SDG: 2030 19
At or Below 2020 target
At or Lower than national average
Higher than national average
Highest among the 7 Provinces
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22. Are these Researchable?
Once an idea is developed, how do we decide if it
is “researchable”?
• Existing evidence (local, national)
• Should pass the “so what” test.
– Magnitude / Importance (local, national)
– Priority
• Should be feasible
• Ethical Issues
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23. Research Ideas: Think About Resources
Time, Facilities & Funding
– How much time will you be able to devote to research?
– What library facilities have you access to?
– What are they funding this year?
People
– Have you access to a person, unit or department with a
specific research interest?
Available Data / Information
– Do you have access to information already collected which
could be the basis for your project?
– Dig where you stand.
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25. Guidelines for writing research questions
• Start with a simple question
• Action-oriented
• The way you ask a question determines how you
will answer it
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26. Levels of Questions
• Level I
– Little to no literature is available on the topic and the
purpose is to describe what is found as it exists naturally.
– It may lead to exploration and result in a complete
description of the topic.
– Examples:
• What are the characteristics of disease X infected
patients?
• What about the situation of X infection in general
population?
• What are the factors responsible to cause disease X?
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27. Levels of Questions
• Level II
– There is knowledge about the topic but relationships
among the variables are not well known.
– It may build on the results of level I studies, and look for
relationships between the variables.
– Examples:
• Are certain factors associated with the X infection
among females of particular province?,
• Is there gender difference in having X infection?
• What is the relationship between condom use and HIV
infection among male patients?
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28. Levels of Questions
• Level III
– There is a great deal of knowledge about the topic and the
purpose of the study is to test the theory through direct
manipulation of the variables.
– It builds on the results of previous research and lead to
interventional designs.
–
– Examples:
• Which of two drugs give better results in increasing CD4
counts among AIDS patients?,
• What is the effect of a particular strategy/intervention in
lowering HIV infection among most at risk population?
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29. Criteria for Good Research Question
• Feasible
• Interesting
• Novel
• Ethical
• Relevant
- Adequate number of participants
- Adequate technical expertise
- Affordable in time & money
- Manageable in scope
- To investigator, peers and community
- To your institution
- Original study
- Confirms, refutes or extends previous findings
- Agreeable to a study that IRC will approve
- To scientific knowledge
- To clinical and health policy
- To future research directions
Can J Surg, Vol 53, No. 4, August 2010, Page 279
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30. PICOT Criteria
• Population
• Intervention
• Comparison group
• Outcome of Interest
• Time
- What specific population are you
interested in?
- What is your investigational Intervention?
- What do you intend to accomplish,
measure, improve or affect?
- What is the appropriate follow-up time
to assess outcome?
Can J Surg, Vol 53, No. 4, August 2010, Page 279
-What is the main alternative
to compare with the intervention
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32. Specific Questions
Directors at province level:
• Why is neonatal mortality in certain provinces much higher
than in other provinces?
Hospital directors:
• Why do we have such a high rate of complications during
child birth?
• Are the first-line services available and adequate?
• Are our own services adequate?
• Are mothers coming late for delivery and, if so, why?
Managers at village level:
• How can we assist women with little or no education so that
they can effectively recognize the symptoms of pneumonia
and go in time to the health center with their children?
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33. Some Research Questions
Are sufficient supplies of appropriate drugs
available to treat patients?
Are all laboratory facilities available for effective
diagnosis?
To what extent does the utilization of health
services vary according to income, gender, and
distance from health facilities?
How do service utilization rates vary across
geographic regions/provinces and urban/rural
locations? Proposal Development Workshop 33
34. Research Questions for Essential Health Care Services (EHCS)
1. Accessibility
2. Comprehensiveness
3. Appropriateness
4. Acceptability
5. Coverage/availability
6. Adherence
7. Continuity
8. Staff attitude
9. Effectiveness
10. Efficiency
11. Cost
12. Equity
1. What are the barriers - geographical, financial, social and
physical - to access to EHCS ?
2. Do the EHCS cater for those who are also need curative care?
3. Are the educational messages around EHCS understandable to
the people from a particular community?
4. Does the EHCS provided match the expectations of patients?
5. What percentage of institution provide EHCS? What percentage
of people utilize EHCS?
6. What percentage of patients complete their treatment –
specific treatment?
7. Do the same patients see the same health care worker over the
duration of their treatment?
8. Are patients treated with dignity and respect?
9. How well does the EHCS work to address illness?
10. Are the staff delivering EHCS seeing the appropriate number of
patients per day?
11. What are the costs involved in providing EHCS?
12. Are the EHCS similar for all patients who needed them?
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Stunting: refers to height for age between-2SD and -3SD: Moderate stunting AND below -3SD: Severe stunting
from the median of the WHO Child Growth Standards
Direct causes are inadequate nutrition (not eating enough or eating foods that lack growth-promoting nutrients) and recurrent infections or chronic or diseases which cause poor nutrient intake, absorption or utilization
Percent of children under 5 stunted, based on 2006 WHO Child Growth Standards (height for age <-2 standard deviation)
By province, stunting ranges from 29% in Provinces 3 and 4 to 55% in Province 6.