An introduction to optical communication system is different form other communication system. The Frequency is high and transmission is only in the form of light. Because of these signal speed is to fast.

1. Introduction to Optical Fiber
Communication
Lokendra Pankaj
Assistant Professor
Dept. of Electronics & Comm. Engg.

2. Content
• Frequency band and wavelength for OFC
• Principal of optical fiber communication
• Communication types
• General communication system
• Optical fiber communication system
• Transmitter section
• Splices and coupler
• Receiver section

3. Frequency Band and Wavelength For Optical Fiber
communication
Optical
fiber
comm.

4. Principle of Optical Fiber
Communication System
n2
n1
n2
n1

5. Communication System
Wireless Wired
(Free Space) 1. Copper Cable (KHz)
(KHz, MHz GHz) 2. Wave Guide (GHz)
3. Optical Fiber Comm. ( THz)

6. General Communication systems
Transmitter
section
Wireless
channel
Receiver
section
Information
source
Destination
Transmitter
antenna
Receiver
antenna

7. Optical Communication systems
Amplifier
Splice
Coupler
Photo
detector
Light Source
Drive Circuit
(V-I convertor)
Optical RxOptical Rx
Eletrical
Signal
Transmitter Section
To other
circuit
Optical s/g
Optical s/g
Optical s/g
Optical TxOptical Tx
Electronic CircuitElectronic Circuit
Electrical
s/g
Optical s/g
To the
destination
Repeater
Connector
Electrical
s/g
Receiver section
Optical Fiber Cable

8. Transmitter Section
1. Drive Circuit (V-I convertor) :-
it provide the electrical interface b/w input circuitry and
light source.
2. Light source :-
It convert the electrical input current into the optical signal.
we can use LED and laser.
3. Connector :-
It is a temporary connection b/w light source and ofc cable.

9. Splices
• Splices:-
– A permanent connection b/w fiber to fiber is called
splice.
– It is also two type
1.Fusion 2. Mechanical
• Glass electrode before
installation
• Optical mechanical gel after
installation
• Ferrule
• V-Grove
• 3 Tube

10. Photo Detector :-
•We can use PIN diode or Avalanche photo diode as a photo
detector.
•Photo detector convert the optical signal into the electrical
output.
Receiver Section