This document provides an introduction to computer processors. It discusses the main types of processors produced by Intel and AMD, including Celeron, Pentium, Core i3/i5/i7, Athlon, Phenom, and FX series. It explains that the processor, also called the central processing unit (CPU), is the main component of a computer that executes stored program instructions. The CPU consists of a control unit that manages instruction flow and an arithmetic/logic unit that performs arithmetic and logic operations. Memory holds the data and instructions used by the CPU. Major processor vendors include Intel, AMD, Nvidia, IBM, Via, and Arm. Performance-enhancing technologies include core technology, turbo boost, virtualization,

1. INTRODUCTION TO
HARDWARES
PROCESSORS

2. INDEX
1. What is Processor?
2. Types of Processor.
3. Working of Processor.
4. Vendors of Processor
5. Performance parameter.
6. Technology of Parameter.
7. How to choose Best Processor.

3. PROCESSOR’S

4. What Different Types of Processors
are there?
 Basically there are two types of processors which are manufactured
by two companies and they are Intel and AMD. Now there are a
number of varieties available in both Intel and AMD.
Intel offers Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Celeron, Pentium II Xeon,
Pentium III, Pentium II and III Xeon, Celeron with Pentium III Based,
Pentium 4, Pentium M, Intel Core, Dual Core Xeon LV, Intel Pentium
Dual Core, Intel Core 2. Pentium Duo, Pentium Dual Core, Core 2
Quad, Intel Pentuim 2 Dual Core Processor.
AMD processors include AMD Athlon, AMD Athlon 64, AMD Athlon
X2, AMD Athlon Xp, AMD Duron, AMD Sempron, AMD Turion, MD
Opteron and AMD Phenom 1.
Moreover, there are various processors offered by various
companies like Macintosh processor. In other words different
processors are used for different types of technology.

5. Different Processors of AMD &
Intel.
 AMD brand has different type
processor. Such that-
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================...
1. A4 Series
2. A6 Series
3. A8 Series
4. A10 Series ( Its latest & last
series in AMD)
5. Athlon II X2 Series
6. Athlon II X3 Series
7. Athlon II X4 Series
8. FX Series
9. Phenom II X2 Series
10. Phenom II X4 Series
11. Phenom II X6 Series
12. Sempron Series
 Intel has different type
processor also. Such that-
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================...
1. Celeron Series
2. Atom Series
3. Pentium Series
4. Pentium II Series
5. Pentium III Series
6. Pentium IV Series
7. Pentium Dual Core Series
8. Celeron Dual Core Series
9. Core 2 Duo series
10. Core 2 Quad series
11. Core i3 Series
12. Core i5 Series
13. Core i7 Series

6. Working of Processor.
 The computer does its primary work in a part of the machine we cannot see, a
control center that converts data input to information output. This control center,
called the central processing unit (CPU), is a highly complex, extensive set of
electronic circuitry that executes stored program instructions. All computers, large
and small, must have a central processing unit. The central processing unit consists
of two parts: The control unit and the arithmetic/logic unit. Each part has a specific
function.
Before we discuss the control unit and the arithmetic/logic unit in detail, we need to
consider data storage and its relationship to the central processing unit. Computers
use two types of storage: Primary storage and secondary storage. The CPU interacts
closely with primary storage, or main memory, referring to it for both instructions and
data. For this reason this part of the reading will discuss memory in the context of the
central processing unit. Technically, however, memory is not part of the CPU.
Recall that a computer's memory holds data only temporarily, at the time the
computer is executing a program. Secondary storage holds permanent or semi-permanent
data on some external magnetic or optical medium. The diskettes and
CD-ROM disks that you have seen with personal computers are secondary storage
devices, as are hard disks. Since the physical attributes of secondary storage
devices determine the way data is organized on them, we will discuss secondary
storage and data organization together in another part of our on-line readings.

7. Vendors of Processor.
 Intel
 AMD
 Nvidia
 IBM
 Via
 Arm

8. Performance Technology.
 Core Technology.
 Turboboost Technology.
 Virtualisation Technology.
 HT Technology.