Introduction to geology

1. Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)
Course name: Geology-I
C o u r s e O u t l i n e
 Geology: Concepts, Scope; Basic Principles; the Earth-its Internal Structure and Composition;
Endogenetic and Exogenetic Geological Processes; Geological Time; Geological-Time Scale; Fossils and
Evolution of Life-forms.
 Mineralogy: Study of the Physical Properties, Chemistry and Classification of Common Rock-
forming and Ore Minerals.
 Petrology: Study of the Structure, Texture, Composition, Classification, Origin, and Mode of
Occurrence of Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic Rocks.

2. Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)
• Lecture # 1: Introduction to Geology
• Lecture # 2: Basic Principles of Geology & Concept of Geological Time
• Lecture # 3: Age of the Earth & Geological Time Scale
• Lecture # 4: Geological Processes 1 – External Processes (Weathering & Erosion)
• Lecture # 5: Geological Processes 2 – Internal Processes (Plate Tectonics)
• Lecture # 6: Geological Processes 3 (Earthquake)
• Lecture # 7: Fossil & Fossilisation
• Lecture # 8: Seismology and Earthquake
• Lecture # 9: Mountain Building and Volcanic Activity
• Lecture # 10: Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks
Lecture Schedule

3. What is Geology ?
 Geology is the study of the Earth, its processes, its materials, its history, and
its effect on human and life in general.
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

4. Branches of Geology:
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)
 Mineralogy - the study of the chemical composition and structure of minerals.

5. Branches of Geology:
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)
 Petrology - the study of the composition and origin of rocks.

6. Branches of Geology:
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)
 Geomorphology - the study of the origin of landforms and their modification by dynamic
processes.

7. Branches of Geology:
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)
 Geochemistry - the study of the chemical composition of earth materials and the chemical
changes that occur within the earth and on its surface.

8. Branches of Geology:
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)
 Structural geology - the study of the forces that deform the earth's rocks and the
description and mapping of deformed rock bodies.

9. Branches of Geology:
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)
 Economic geology - the study of the exploration and recovery of natural resources, such
as ores and petroleum

10. Branches of Geology:
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)
 Engineering geology - the study of the interactions of the earth's crust with human-made
structures such as tunnels, mines, dams, bridges, and building foundations.

11. Branches of Geology:
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)
 Paleontology - the systematic study of past life forms.

12. Branches of Geology:
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)
 Stratigraphy - Layered rocks and their interrelationships.

13. Branches of Geology:
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)
 Paleogeography - locations of ancient land masses and their boundaries.

14. Branches of Geology:
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)
 Geologic mapping - the superimposing of geologic information upon existing topographic
maps.

15. Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)
Tasks of a Geologist:
 Find abundant supplies of clean water for drinking and other purposes.
 Search for valuable deposits of natural resources such as iron, gold, coal, gas and oil etc.
 They conduct regional studies which may shed light on the potential for undiscovered
resources.
 Geologists also work to solve problems involving pollution and waste disposal, and provide
valuable input in land-use planning.
 They also try to minimize the threat to communities at risk from geologic hazards.
 Geologists study and help to mitigate floods, swelling soils, and landslides etc. They
determine the stability of building sites