This document discusses sources of spatial data and applications of geographic information systems (GIS). It describes primary and secondary spatial data sources such as scanning, GPS collections, census data, and remote sensing. Large amounts of freely available government data are noted from agencies like the USGS, Census Bureau, and NOAA. Examples of USGS data include digital elevation models, hydrography datasets, land cover maps, and climatic data. The document outlines many uses of GIS in fields such as urban planning, environmental science, engineering, business, education, real estate, and health care. Applications include zoning, emergency response, modeling, site selection, and epidemiology.

1. Spatial data sources
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

2. • Scanning
• Other point measurements (in text files)
• Census data
• GPS collections
• Aerial photographs
• Remote sensing data
 Primary Data Capture (first-hand collection)
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

3.  Secondary Data Capture (from others)
• Published or released data (originally primary data)
• All primary data from others are secondary data for you and me
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

4. Secondary Data
• Large amount of data is now available
• Always check for existing data before creating it
• Several groups of data exist
• Free data from the government
• Government data available for a fee
• Internet map servers
• Commercial data
• Data from other GIS users
GIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

5. Free Government Data
Large amounts of data are available from
• USGS
• Census
• NOAA
GIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

6. USGS Data
• DEM = Digital Elevation Model
• NED = National Elevation Dataset
• NHD = National Hydrography Dataset
• DRG = Digital Raster Graphic
• DLG = Digital Line Graph
• DOQQ = Digital Ortho Quarter Quad
• GNIS = Geographic Names Information System
• LULC = Land Use Land Cover
• NLCD = National Land Cover Data
GIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

7. • DEM = Digital Elevation Model • NED = National Elevation Dataset
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

8. 3d Analysis

9. 30m Dem 1m Dem10m Dem
DEM and surfacing

10. • NHD = National Hydrography Dataset
• DRG = Digital Raster Graphic
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

11. • DOQQ = Digital Ortho Quarter Quad
• DLG = Digital Line Graph
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

12. • LULC = Land Use Land Cover
• NLCD = National Land Cover Data
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

13. NOAA
• Shoreline Data
http://www.csc.noaa.gov/shoreline/data.html
• Estuarine Bathymetry
http://sposerver.nos.noaa.gov/bathy/
• NCDC = National Climatic Data Center
NCDC is the world's largest active archive of weather
data
http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/ncdc.html
GIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

14. • NASA (USGS) EOS datagate way
• http://edcimswww.cr.usgs.gov/pub/imswelcome/
• NASA lunar and planetary science data
• http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/planets/marspage.html
• ESA (European Space Agency) Planetary Science Archive
• http://www.rssd.esa.int/index.php?project=PSA
Remote sensing data
GIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

15. • http://seamless.usgs.gov/viewer.htm
• http://gisdata.usgs.gov
• http://edcsns17.cr.usgs.gov/EarthExplorer/
• http://data.geocomm.com/
• http://www.texasview.org/
• http://www.tnris.state.tx.us/
Other Important GIS Data Websites
GIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

16. • Urban Planning, Management & Policy
• Zoning, subdivision planning
• Land acquisition
• Economic development
• Code enforcement
• Housing renovation programs
• Emergency response
• Crime analysis
• Tax assessment
• Environmental Sciences
• Monitoring environmental risk
• Modeling storm water runoff
• Management of watersheds, floodplains,
wetlands, forests, aquifers
• Environmental Impact Analysis
• Hazardous or toxic facility siting
• Groundwater modeling and contamination
tracking
• Political Science
• Redistricting
• Analysis of election results
• Predictive modeling
Civil Engineering/Utility
• Locating underground facilities
• Designing alignment for freeways,
transit
• Coordination of infrastructure
maintenance
Business
• Demographic Analysis
• Market Penetration/ Share Analysis
• Site Selection
Education Administration
• Attendance Area Maintenance
• Enrollment Projections
• School Bus Routing
Real Estate
• Neighborhood land prices
• Traffic Impact Analysis
• Determination of Highest and Best
Use
Health Care
• Epidemiology
• Needs Analysis
• Service Inventory
ApplicationsofGIS
GIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

17. • Zoning, subdivision planning • Land acquisition
GIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

18. • Economic development
• Housing renovation programs
GIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

19. • Code enforcement
• Emergency response
GIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

20. • Crime analysis
• Tax assessment
GIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

21. • Monitoring environmental risk
• Modeling storm water runoff
GIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

22. • Management of watersheds, floodplains,
wetlands, forests, aquifers
• Environmental Impact Analysis
GIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

23. • Hazardous or toxic facility siting • Groundwater modeling and contamination
tracking
GIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

24. • Analysis of election results
• Redistricting
GIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

25. • Predictive modeling
• Locating underground facilitiesGIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

26. • Designing alignment for freeways, transit
• Coordination of infrastructure maintenance
GIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

27. • Demographic Analysis
• Market Penetration/ Share Analysis
GIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

28. • Site Selection
• Attendance Area Maintenance
GIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

29. • School Bus Routing
• Neighborhood land prices
GIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

30. • Traffic Impact Analysis • Epidemiology
GIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

31. GIS
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

32. a. Geomorphology
b. Coastal slope
c. Shoreline change rate
d. Rate of sea level change
e. Mean tide range
f. Bathymetry
Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI)
Spatial analysis and modeling
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

33. Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)
Coral Reefs Degradation using Geospatial techniques around Saint Martin’s Island
(Gazi et al. 2019)