The document discusses coastal vulnerability and hazard mitigation. It describes assessing vulnerability through risk analysis, interacting with local governments, involving the insurance industry, training on mitigation techniques, developing regional atlases, and holding workshops. Methods are presented for identifying hazards, analyzing risks, assessing critical facilities and societal, economic and environmental impacts, and identifying mitigation opportunities. Coastal monitoring using buoys is discussed. The Coastal Vulnerability Index is calculated and saltwater intrusion in aquifers is modeled using the GALDIT method.

1. Coastal Vulnerability
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

2. • Risk Assessment
• Local government interaction
• Insurance industry involvement
• Training on mitigation
• Regional vulnerability atlas
• Mitigation workshops
• GIS as decision support tool
Coastal Vulnerability
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

3. Coastal Hazard Mitigation
• Multi-disciplinary efforts focusing on community risks and vulnerabilities and the true costs of hazards
• Hazard Reduction
– Altering the coastal environment (erosion control, beach nourishment)
– Strengthening the built environment (wind proofing, elevating structures)
• Hazard Avoidance
Managing development in high hazard areas (land use
planning, economic incentives, education)
Prohibiting development in high hazard areas (zoning)
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

4. •Hazard Identification
•Hazard Analysis
•Critical Facilities Analysis
•Societal Analysis
•Economic Analysis
•Environmental Analysis
•Mitigation Opportunities Analysis
❑ Vulnerability Assessment Methodology
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

5. Hazard Identification:
Storm Surge
Wind
Flood
Tornado
Earthquake
Hazardous
Spills
Toxic Release
Hazard
Identification
List of prioritized hazards for use
in developing mitigation strategies
and prioritizing mitigation projects.
Input
Output
What hazards are you concerned about?
How would you prioritize them?
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

6. • Data: Near-Real Time wave data (30 min-interval)
transmitted to MMS used to validate forecasting
models.
• Period: 2012-2014
• End-users: fishermen venturing at sea
Measuring Wave Energy Through Buoy:
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

7. Tsunami Warning System Through Buoy:
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

8. Communication
Hardware
PC
Buoy
Data
Monitoring/Presentation
Software
Database
Central Repository
Communication
Software
Data Visualisation via
Web-based Interface
Configuration
SoftwareSatellite/GSM/Radio
Communication
Receiving Station
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

9.  Acquisition of satellite/aerial images
 Digitalize aerial photos
 Geo-reference and rectify images using GIS software
 Calculating shoreline change
Shoreline Change:
Determining the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI):
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

10. Service 2-2: Coastal Area Management
Computation of
Coastal
Vulnerability Index
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

11. ▪ Determining the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI)
(Sandwip Island)
▪ Satellite Imagery (Landsat) of study area
during the year of (a) 1979, (b) 1989, (c) 1999,
(d) 2004, (e) 2009, and (f) 2014.
▪ Location of the study area, the aerial extent of the present
Sandwip Island has been taken from the recent satellite
image (Landsat 8 OLI & TIRS) dated 11 December, 2014.
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

12. ▪ Displays vulnerable classes according to (a) Geomorphology; (b) Coastal slope;
(c) Shoreline change rate; (d) Rate of sea level change; (e) Mean tide range; (f)
Bathymetry.
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

13. Eventual CVI Output:
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

14. ▪ The study area extends over thirteen districts of the coastal region and is located under three
physiographic divisions namely, Tidal Delta, Active Delta and Inactive Delta.
GALDIT: Determination of Salt water intrusion in
GIS Environment
▪ Aquifer occurrence (type of aquifer) (G)
▪ Aquifer hydraulic conductivity (A)
▪ Height of groundwater level above sea level (L)
▪ Distance from the shore/high tide (D)
▪ Impact of Existing Status of Saltwater Intrusion (I)
▪ Aquifer thickness (T)
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

15. Methodology flow chart for GALDIT model:
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

16. ▪ Spatial distribution of aquifer type (G) for GALDIT model of the Ganges deltaic
coast: (a) first aquifer (b) second aquifer and (c) third aquifer.
Aquifer occurrence (type of aquifer) (G)
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

17. ▪ Spatial distribution of aquifer hydraulic conductivity (A) for GALDIT model of the Ganges deltaic coast:
(a) first aquifer (b) second aquifer and (c) third aquifer.
Aquifer hydraulic conductivity (A)
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

18. Height of groundwater level above sea level (L)
▪ Spatial distribution of water level (L) i.e., wet season for GALDIT model of the Ganges
deltaic coast: (a) first aquifer (b) second aquifer and (c) third aquifer.
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

19. Distance from the shore/high tide (D)
▪ Spatial distribution of shoreline distance (D) for GALDIT model of the Ganges deltaic coast: (a) first
aquifer (b) second aquifer and (c) third aquifer.
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

20. Impact of Existing Status of Saltwater Intrusion (I)
▪ Spatial distribution of sea water existence potential (L) i.e., wet season for GALDIT model of the Ganges
deltaic coast: (a) first aquifer (b) second aquifer and (c) third aquifer.
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

21. Aquifer thickness (T)
▪ Spatial distribution of aquifer thickness (L) for GALDIT model of the Ganges deltaic coast: (a) first
aquifer (b) second aquifer and (c) third aquifer.
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

22. ▪ Vulnerability map of wet season for the aquifer systems, (a) first aquifer (b) second aquifer and
(c) third aquifer in the study area.
Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)

23. Md. Yousuf Gazi, Lecturer, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka (yousuf.geo@du.ac.bd)