This document provides an introduction to computers. It discusses what a computer is and some of its key components and features. It notes that computers have both strong points like speed and accuracy, as well as weak points like an inability to think or correct errors on their own. It then describes different types of computers including supercomputers, mainframes, minicomputers, and microcomputers. It also discusses input/output devices, operating systems like Windows, and how data is stored in primary memory (RAM/ROM) and secondary memory (hard drives, CDs/DVDs, USB drives). Finally, it provides a brief overview of what the internet is and defines web browsers.

1. Welcome to the Techno
Land
Let’s meet our friend
Computer

2. About Computer
Computer is an electronic device, here
are the Strong points of our friend..
• Tremendous Working Speed.
• 100% Accuracy.
• Tireless Working Capacity.
• Has large storage capacity
But same like us with strong points it
also has some Weak points.
• It can not think on its own.
• It can not correct the error.
• It needs the data and instruction in
detail.

3. Super
Computer
These computers are used
in organizations like NASA,
which controls the space
ship operations.
Mainframe
computer
This computer is used to
store huge and bulky data.
These computers are used
in organizations like Banks,
LIC etc.
Mini
Computer
A class of smaller computers that
developed in the mid-1960s and sold
for much less than mainframe
computer from IBM.
Micro
Computer
The computer which is used by common
man in Offices, House or say every sector.

4. Generation Next of Micro Computer
Tablet PC
Laptop
PDA (Personal Digital Assistance) Mobile

5. Input Devices
• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Scanner
Output Devices
• Monitor
• Printer
• Speaker (Audio output device)
Division of Computer
Processing Device:- CPU (Central Processing Unit) which is also known as heart of computer.

6. Shift Key, Alt Key and Ctrl Key are
known as
Combination Key.
Caps lock, Num lock and Scroll
lock keys are known as
Toggle keys.
Arrow Keys are also known as
Navigation Keys.
Key Board

7. Computer
System
Hardware
Input
Devices
Output
Devices
Processing
Unit
Software
System
Software
Windows
(Operating
System)
Application
Software
Word, Tally,
Corel etc..

8. About Windows Operating System
• Microsoft Windows (or simply Windows) is a graphical operating systems
developed, marketed, and sold by Microsoft.
• It consists of several families of operating systems, each of which cater to a
certain sector of the computing industry.
• Active Windows families include Windows NT, ME, XP, Vista, Windows 7,
Windows 8.
• Windows families also include Windows 9x and Windows Mobile.

9. Now let’s learn
how to store our
data.

10. What is data?
• Data is a raw material when processed changes into information.
How does data changes into information?
• Computer does not understand human language.
• So when typed in human knowing language.
• It process the data into the Machine knowing language and
thus data gets changed into information.
Which language does computer understand?
• Computer understands Binary Language.
• Binary means two.
• The language contains only two numbers i.e. 1 and 0 .

11. How does Binary Language
works?
• A binary code represents text or
computer processor instructions using
the binary number system's two binary
digits, 0 and 1.
• The binary code assigns a bit string to
each symbol or instruction.
• For example, a binary string of eight
binary digits (bits) can represent any of
possible values and can therefore
correspond to a variety of different
symbols, letters or instructions.

12. Data
Storage
Primary
RAM ROM
Secondary
Hard disc CD/DVD Pen drive

13. RAM (Random Access Memory)
• Stores the data temporarily.
• Data if not saved is lost when
computer is turned off.
• It is also called as Volatile memory.
• Data in RAM can be erased, modify
etc.
ROM (Read Only Memory)
• Stores the data permanently.
• Data once saved is converted into
ROM and so is not lost even if the
computer is turned off.
• It is also called as Non-Volatile
memory.
• Data in ROM can not be modified or
erased.
Data Storage (Primary Memory)

14. Data Storage (Secondary Memory)
• Secondary storage devices are external to the CPU.
• It has large storage capacity.
CD/DVD:- This is known as optical storage device. It is read and written by laser
beam technology. The data once written in CD/DVD can not be modified or erased.
Hard disc:- There are two types of hard discs the one is internal to CPU and the
other is known as portable hard disc which is external to CPU. Both the hard discs
has large storage capacity. The written data in hard disc can be modified or erased.
The data is read, written by magnetic.
Pen Drive:- This is an external device and the data in pen drive is read, written
with the help of magnetic. Pen drive is also large in capacity.

15. Internet
• The Internet is a global network connecting millions of computers. More than
190 countries are linked into exchanges of data, news and opinions.
• According to Internet Live Stats, as of August 07, 2015 there was an estimated
3,179,035,200 Internet users worldwide. The number of Internet users
represents nearly 40 percent of the world's population. The largest number of
Internet users by country is China, followed by the United States and India.
What is web browser?
• A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser) is a software application for
retrieving, presenting, and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web.
• The major web browsers are Firefox, Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Opera, and
Safari.

16. Presentation by:- RakshaSandesh