An intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is a type of therapeutic device which helps heart to pump more blood. You may need it if your heart is unable to pump enough blood for your body. The IABP consists of a thin, flexible tube called a catheter. Attached to the tip of the catheter is a long balloon.
This slide will provide illustrative information regarding coronary angioplasty . It also focus on practical area knowledge of cardiac catheterization which one should focus while caring patient with coronary angioplasty.
Go through the cybercrimes which are occuring recently
Hacking devices are a new method of killing people.
Technologies have been so much advanced.
How to be safe from this?
Go through my works then. :)
Be aware.. Your parents are being treated with devices while treatment.. be sure to know the cybersecurity features of it.
Portable devices (Insulin pumps etc) are also in threat.
This slide will provide illustrative information regarding coronary angioplasty . It also focus on practical area knowledge of cardiac catheterization which one should focus while caring patient with coronary angioplasty.
Go through the cybercrimes which are occuring recently
Hacking devices are a new method of killing people.
Technologies have been so much advanced.
How to be safe from this?
Go through my works then. :)
Be aware.. Your parents are being treated with devices while treatment.. be sure to know the cybersecurity features of it.
Portable devices (Insulin pumps etc) are also in threat.
Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave â alongside...ILC- UK
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The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is an online tool created by ILC that ranks countries on six metrics including, life span, health span, work span, income, environmental performance, and happiness. The Index helps us understand how well countries have adapted to longevity and inform decision makers on what must be done to maximise the economic benefits that comes with living well for longer.
Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
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Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.Â
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctorsâ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
 Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratoryÂ
 to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
Navigating Challenges: Mental Health, Legislation, and the Prison System in B...Guillermo Rivera
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This conference will delve into the intricate intersections between mental health, legal frameworks, and the prison system in Bolivia. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current challenges faced by mental health professionals working within the legislative and correctional landscapes. Topics of discussion will include the prevalence and impact of mental health issues among the incarcerated population, the effectiveness of existing mental health policies and legislation, and potential reforms to enhance the mental health support system within prisons.
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
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According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
Deep Leg Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Meaning, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Mor...The Lifesciences Magazine
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Deep Leg Vein Thrombosis occurs when a blood clot forms in one or more of the deep veins in the legs. These clots can impede blood flow, leading to severe complications.
Leading the Way in Nephrology: Dr. David Greene's Work with Stem Cells for Ki...Dr. David Greene Arizona
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As we watch Dr. Greene's continued efforts and research in Arizona, it's clear that stem cell therapy holds a promising key to unlocking new doors in the treatment of kidney disease. With each study and trial, we step closer to a world where kidney disease is no longer a life sentence but a treatable condition, thanks to pioneers like Dr. David Greene.
How many patients does case series should have In comparison to case reports.pdfpubrica101
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Pubricaâs team of researchers and writers create scientific and medical research articles, which may be important resources for authors and practitioners. Pubrica medical writers assist you in creating and revising the introduction by alerting the reader to gaps in the chosen study subject. Our professionals understand the order in which the hypothesis topic is followed by the broad subject, the issue, and the backdrop.
https://pubrica.com/academy/case-study-or-series/how-many-patients-does-case-series-should-have-in-comparison-to-case-reports/
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
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Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
3. Objectives
At the end of this presentation you will be able to learn:
īļ Define Intra Aortic Balloon Pump(IABP)
īļ Mechanics of IABP
īļ Indications & Contra indications
īļ IABP Settings
īļ IABP wave form Interpretation
īļ Variations in IABP
īļ IABP frequency
īļ Timing Errors and manifestations
īļ Complication & prevention of IABP
īļ Nursing care plan of Patient with IABP
IABP by Rubina Shehzadi 3
4. Intra Aortic Balloon Pump
(IABP)
An intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is a type of therapeutic
device which helps heart to pump more blood. You may need
it if your heart is unable to pump enough blood for your body.
The IABP consists of a thin, flexible tube called a catheter.
Attached to the tip of the catheter is a long balloon.
âThe intra-aortic balloon pump is a mechanical device that
increases myocardial oxygen perfusion and indirectly increases
cardiac output through afterload reduction. It consists of a
cylindrical polyurethane balloon that sits in the aorta,
approximately 2 centimeters(0.79in) from the left subclavian
arteryâ
IABP by Rubina Shehzadi 4
6. Intra Aortic Balloon Pump
(IABP)
īĩ It consists of two parts: a balloon inserted into the
aorta, one of the large arteries through which blood
passes from the heart to the rest of the body; and a
machine/console outside the body.
īĩ It gives temporary support for the left ventricle by
mechanically displacing blood within aorta.
īĩ It is the most common and widely used methods of
mechanical circulatory support.
īĩ It is used in surgical and non-surgical patients of
cardiogenic shock.
IABP by Rubina Shehzadi 6
7. Insertion of IABP
īĩ The device is introduced from the femoral artery and
guided into the aorta till its tip is just distal to the left
subclavian artery takeoff from the aortic arch by using an
X-ray camera to move it.
īĩ The device is hooked up to a machine that tells the balloon
when to get bigger and when to get smaller.
īĩ It uses helium to blow up the balloon because helium wonât
cause problems in body if it leaks.
īĩ Therefore, when properly positioned, the IABP occupies
the entire descending thoracic aorta and much of the
suprarenal abdominal aorta.
īĩ Although fluoroscopy/echocardiography can help guide
placement, they are not absolutely necessary in emergent
situations.
IABP by Rubina Shehzadi 7
10. How long can an intra
aortic balloon pump stay in?
īĩ Sometimes the Intra-aortic-balloon pump(IABP) stays in
for up to one week
īĩ in rare instances, staying in for up to two weeks,
therefore increasing the risk of infection.
IABP by Rubina Shehzadi 10
11. Indications of IABP
īĩ IABP therapy is a short-term treatment. It is mostly used
to treat cardiogenic shock. Thatâs when your heart canât
pump enough blood to meet the needs of your body.
Some heart problems can cause cardiogenic shock.
These include:
īĩ Unstable angina
īĩ Heart attack
īĩ Certain abnormal heart rhythms
īĩ Heart failure
īĩ Heart defects
īĩ As a bridge to cardiac transplantation
IABP by Rubina Shehzadi 11
13. Core Principle of IABP
Therapy
īĩ Synchronized counterpulsation is the core principle of
IABP therapy.
īĩ This describes inflation in diastole and deflation in
systole of a balloon situated in the descending aorta.
īĩ The overall aim is to improve myocardial function by
īĩ myocardial oxygen supply
īĩ myocardial oxygen demand
īĩ Input and removal of helium gas causes inflation and
deflation of the balloon. The timing of balloon inflation
and deflation is based upon the aortic pressure
waveform and the electrocardiogram.
IABP by Rubina Shehzadi 13
15. ContâĻ.
īĩ The balloon inflation occurs immediately after aortic
valve closure and balloon deflation just before opening of
the aortic value.
īĩ Inflation and deflation of the balloon have two major
effects:
īĩ Inflation during diastole causes blood displacement into
the proximal aorta, resulting in increased coronary
blood flow, while Deflation during systole reduces aortic
volume and afterload through a vacuum effect
IABP by Rubina Shehzadi
.
15
16. Augmentation on a balloon
pump
īĩ Balloon inflation and diastolic augmentation. As the
aortic valve closes in end-systole (this correlates with
the dicrotic notch) the IABP balloon inflation pushes
blood against the closed valve. ... Thus, as
īĩ âthe balloon inflates in diastole, it creates a peak of
pressure, which is the diastolic augmentationâ
IABP by Rubina Shehzadi 16
17. īĩ IABP counter-pulsation rapidly stabilizes patients in
cardiogenic shock.
īĩ The greatest improvement in cardiac index and
pulmonary capillary wedge pressure occurs in patients
with mechanical defects complicating acute myocardial
infarction (MI), ie, mitral regurgitation(MR) or
ventricular septal defect(VSD)
IABP by Rubina Shehzadi 17
18. IABP balloon waveform
īĩ The normal IABP balloon waveform
īĩ The balloon itself has a pressure transducer, and it
generates a waveform.
IABP by Rubina Shehzadi 18
19. ECG triggering of the IABP
The basic principles are:
īĩ Inflation of the balloon is triggered by the the beginning of
diastole, which correlates with the middle of the T-
wave. The balloon is timed to deflate at the very end of
diastole. This correlates with the R-wave on the ECG, and
this is the most commonly used trigger for balloon
deflation.
īĩ In atrial fibrillation, the ECG trigger is timed to deflate on
the R wave as usual, but the R-R interval (which governs
the timing of the balloon remaining inflated) varies. The R
wave timing can also be of the "pattern" type, where
normal QRS morphology is expected, or "peak" type where -
if your QRS is monstrously misshapen - the IABP will choose
the maximum voltage peak and use that instead.
IABP by Rubina Shehzadi 19
29. Complications of IABP
ī§ Infection at site of insertion
ī§ Hematoma and bleeding at insertion site
ī§ Limb ischemia, absent pulses
ī§ Thrombocytopenia
ī§ Coagulation disturbances
ī§ Aortic dissection
ī§ Displacement of the balloon catheter obstructing left
subclavian artery or renal artery perfusion
ī§ Vascular complications
ī§ Balloon leak, rupture, gas loss from the balloon
ī§ Timing issues
IABP by Rubina Shehzadi 29
30. Limb Ischemia & Bleeding
ī§ Cause of Limb ischaemia are obstruction of a small or
diseased femoral artery by the catheter, formation of
thrombus from direct arterial injury during IABP insertion
and thromboembolism.
ī§ Bleeding at the insertion site is due to anticoagulation
therapy or associated thrombocytopenia.
ī§ Patients receiving IABP therapy are normally maintained on
an anticoagulation regimen to avoid thrombus formation .
ī§ Baseline full blood count and anticoagulation screen should
be reserved prior to and during therapy to observe for
changes such as a decrease in haemoglobin and to monitor
the effect of anticoagulation therapy prescribed.
IABP by Rubina Shehzadi 30
31. Weaning and Removal of IABP
īĩ
Once the patientâs condition has stabilized the IABP is
considered for removal. This is preceded by a process of
weaning the pump from 1:1 to 1:2 and finally 1:3
īĩ Observing the patient for ischaemic chest pain or
development of heart failure symptoms such as
breathlessness, hypotension and tachycardia. Once the
patient is stable the IABP can be removed.
IABP by Rubina Shehzadi 31
32. Nursing care For IABP patients
īĩ Post removal the patient is kept on bed rest with the
leg kept straight as per local guidelines.
īĩ Nursing care involves observing for recurrence of
symptoms as well as checking the insertion site for
haematoma formation ooze or symptoms suggestive of
retroperitoneal bleed every 15 minutes for the first
hour, half hourly for the next two hours and thereafter
hourly or as clinical acuity dictates. In addition lower
limb perfusion is assessed at these times confirming
adequate perfusion and presence of pedal pulses.
īĩ IABP is a form of circulatory support for those
presenting with ischaemia or heart failure. Nursing care
involves care of the pump as well as assessing patient
from a cardiovascular and hemodynamic perspective .
IABP by Rubina Shehzadi 32