The document defines intelligence and intelligence tests. It discusses that intelligence tests measure mental functions like reasoning, comprehension, and judgment. There are two main types of intelligence tests - individual tests that are administered one-on-one and group tests that are administered to multiple individuals at once. Common individual tests include verbal, non-verbal, and performance tests, while group tests can be verbal or non-verbal. Famous intelligence tests discussed include the Wechsler scales, Stanford-Binet, Raven's Progressive Matrices, and others. The document also compares the advantages and disadvantages of individual and group testing.
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There are different tests are used to measure the intelligence or IQ of a person. Such as,
Ravens Progressive Matrices
Bhatia Battery of Intelligence
Culture Fair test
Wechsler scale
Alexander Pass a long test
etc.
Intelligence test used in the forensic psychology.
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Ravens Progressive Matrices
Bhatia Battery of Intelligence
Culture Fair test
Wechsler scale
Alexander Pass a long test
etc.
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2. DEFINITION OF INTELLIGENCE
Binet (1916) defined it as the
capacity to judge well, to reason
well, and to comprehend well.
Pintner (1921) defined It as the
ability of an individual to adapt
well to new situations in life.
3. WHAT IS INTELLIGENCE TESTS?
"Intelligence tests are psychological
tests that are designed to measure
a variety of mental functions,
such as reasoning, comprehension,
and judgment".
6. TYPES OF INTELLIGENCE TESTS
•Based on number of individuals to
be tested
1.Individual tests –One individual
are tested at a time.
2. Group tests – Group of
individuals are tested at a time.
7. TYPES OF INTELLIGENCE TESTS
•Based on the form of test:-
1. Verbal tests– Uses language or
paper and pencil
2. Non – Verbal tests – For example
performance tests.
8. 1.INDIVIDUAL INTELLIGENCE TEST
This test can be administrated to only
one Individual at a time.
TYPES OF INDIVIDUAL INTELLIGENCE
TEST:-
•Verbal method.
•Non Verbal method.
•Performance test.
9. 1. VERBAL METHOD
In this method language ability is
essential.
The individual can answer through to
verbal way such as reasoning memory
and numerical abilities.
Verbal test can not be administrated to
dumb,
Those who doesn’t understand your
languages
10. 2. NON-VERBAL METHOD
• Non verbal method is deals with
diagram and picture.
• This test free from language barriers
and do not require reading skill.
• Non verbal test can administrate
illiterate and natives.
11. 3. PERFORMANCE METHOD:
It is one of the non verbal test but
is assess the subject (person) has to
do something to rather than to
solve problem,
e.g. assemble a pattern of blocks,
assemble animal picture.
13. PICTURE ARRANGEMENT:-
The subject is given mixed up sets of
pictures and asked to tell a story
with by putting a card in sequence
and writing a sentence about it.
14.
15. PICTURE COMPLETION:-
A kind of test comprised of drawings
of familiar items with certain aspects
being absent. The job is to
acknowledge and specify the absent
portions.
Used to determine the cognitive
abilities of the student.
16.
17. OBJECT ASSEMBLY:-
- Four items, each item being a "cut up"
object, like a puzzle. Examinee must
correctly assemble the parts of the
puzzle.
-Measures visual-motor, problem-solving
and organizational abilities, and visual
anticipation skills.
18.
19. BLOCK DESIGN:-
Block is a coloured blocks to
produced and a spiral booklet of
cards showing different color
designs that can be made with the
blocks. The examinee must arrange
the blocks to match the design
formed by examiner or shown on
cards.
20.
21. DIGIT SYMBOL:-
The digit symbol test involves a key
consisting of the numbers 1-9, each
paired with a unique, easy-to--draw
symbol such as a "V", "+" or ">".
Below the key are a series of the
numbers 1-9 in random order and
repeated several times.
22. DIGIT SYMBOL:-
The test-taker is then allowed 90 or 120
seconds (depending on the test version) to fill
in the corresponding symbol for each
number. This task requires the individual to
visually scan the answer key provided at the
top of the test and then write the correct
symbol by each number.
The digit symbol test measures processing
speed, working memory, visuospatial
processing and attention.
23.
24. GROUP INTELLIGENCE TEST
In this method test can be administrate
to a group of individual at a time.
Individual intelligence test was born in
France but Group intelligence test in
America.
Group intelligence test started during
first world war for selecting soldiers in
larger number.
25. TYPES OF GROUP INTELLIGENCE
TEST:-
Verbal test
Non Verbal test
26. INTELLIGENCE TESTS BASED ON
SCIENTISTS:-
1. Wechsler test
A. Wechsler adult intelligence test
scale (WISE)
B. Wechsler intelligence test scale for
Children (WISC)
2. The Stanford Binet intelligence scale
3.Ravens progressive matrix
4. Vineland social maturity scale.
27. WECHSLER ADULT INTELLIGENCE
SCALE (WAIS)
Age range = 16 - 89
An IQ test for older children and
adults,
WAIS provides a Verbal, Performance,
and Full Scale score, as well as scores
for verbal comprehension, perceptual
organization, working memory, and
processing speed.
29. WECHSLER INTELLIGENCE SCALE FOR
CHILDREN, FOURTH EDITION (WISC-IV)
Age range = 6 – 16
Description:- An update of the WISC-
III,
- this test yields a Full Scale score and
scores for Verbal Comprehension,
Working Memory, Perceptual
Reasoning, and Processing speed.
30. STANDFORD BINET TEST
This test can useful for measurement of
general intelligence test.
It can useful for 2 year to superior
adults up to 45 years.
It is very effective only to 16 years.
For adults this test result is not
accurate or satisfactory.
33. FOR EXAMPLE
A child aged 10 years and his
Mental age is 12 years, calculated
his IQ as follows:
mental age (12)
100 120%
chronological age (10)
34. IQ INTERPRETATION
Below 20 Profound Mental retardation
20 - 35 Severe MR
35-50 Moderate MR
50-70 Mild MR
91-110 Slow learner
111-120 Average
121-140 Superior
140 and above Gifted
35. STANFORD-BINET INTELLIGENCE
SCALE, FIFTH EDITION (SBIS-V)
An update of the SB-IV.
It provide a Full Scale score,
It assesses Fluid Reasoning,
Knowledge, Quantitative Reasoning,
Visual-Spatial Processing, and Working
Memory as well as the ability to
compare verbal and nonverbal
performance.
36. FLUID REASONING
Fluid intelligence or fluid reasoning is
the capacity to reason and solve novel
problems, independent of any
knowledge from the past.
Identified by Raymond Cattell
Developed by Cattell's student, John L.
Horn.
Eg : Solving pazzles
37. WOODCOCK-JOHNSON III TESTS
OF COGNITIVE ABILITIES
Age range = 2 – 90+.
This test gives a measure of general
intellectual ability, as well as looking at
working memory and executive
function skills.
38. COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT SYSTEM
(CAS)
Age range = 5 - 17 Based on the
“PASS” theory,
this test measures ‘Planning,
‘Attention, ‘Simultaneous, and
‘Successive cognitive processes.
39. PASS THEORY
The PASS (Planning, Attention-arousal, and
Simultaneous-successive )THEORY of
intelligence has been developed by J.P Das,
Jack Naglieri, and Kirby (1994).They
proposed that three functional units of
brain determine the intellectual activity of
an individual. These three units are
responsible for planning, arousal/attention
and simultaneous/Successive processing
40. RAVEN'S PROGRESSIVE MATRICES
RPM is a nonverbal group test
typically used in educational settings.
It is usually a 60-item test used in
measuring abstract reasoning and
regarded as a non-verbal estimate
of fluid intelligence.
It is the most common and popular test
administered to groups ranging from 5
year -olds to the elderly.
41. RAVEN'S PROGRESSIVE MATRICES
It is made of 60 multiple
choice questions, listed in order of
difficulty. The tests were originally
developed by John C. Raven in 1936.
42. RAVEN'S PROGRESSIVE MATRICES
CONT……
In each test item, the subject is asked to
identify the missing element that
completes a pattern. Many patterns are
presented in the form of a 6×6, 4×4,
3×3, or 2×2 matrix, giving the test its
name.
44. VINELAND SOCIAL MATURITY
SCALE
The Vineland Social Maturity Scale is a
psychometric assessment instrument
designed to help in the assessment of
social competence. It was developed by
the American psychologist Edgar
Arnold Doll.
It is a quality psychometric
questionnaire and a good measure of
adaptive behaviour.
45. THE TEST CONSISTS OF 8 SUB-SCALES
MEASURING:
Communication skills
General self-help ability
Locomotion skills
Occupation skills
Self-direction
Self-help eating
Self-help dressing
Socialization skills
46. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF
GROUP TESTING AND INDIVIDUAL
TESTING
Advantages of Group Testing:
One time, more people
The role of examiner simplifies
Score more objective
Better norms are established:
Efficiency is more:
Less power is required:
47. DISADVANTAGES OF GROUP
TESTING:
The scores are dependent on other
things
The results and the information is less
accurate
Less cooperation is maintained
The results are examined readily
Difficult to maintain rapport
48. DISADVANTAGES CONT…….
The interest is not easily maintained
The examinees response in a more
strict manner
Boredom over easy items and
frustrated over difficult ones
49. ADVANTAGES OF INDIVIDUAL
TESTING
More attention is paid
The behavior can be observed easily
The examinee can easily convince and
encourage the person
The results are accurate
50. ADVANTAGES OF INDIVIDUAL TESTING
CONT……
The results and the scores are not
dependent
The speed is one additional factor
The efficiency is way better than other
methods
More time to understand the person
51. DISADVANTAGE OF INDIVIDUAL
TESTING
Time consuming
Trained and experienced examiner is
required
It costs more than other procedures
Lots of money and investment is
required
