Intellectualrevolutions 190701124943
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This document discusses several major intellectual revolutions throughout history: - The pre-Socratic revolution questioned the nature of the universe and heavenly bodies. - The Copernican revolution established that the sun, not Earth, is the center of our solar system through Copernicus' heliocentric model. - Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection proposed that all life evolved over time from common ancestors through a process of natural selection. - Freud's psychoanalytic theory introduced the concepts of the conscious and unconscious mind and how they influence human behavior and development. Each of these revolutions transformed society by challenging established beliefs and sparking new ways of understanding the world.
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The document discusses two major intellectual revolutions - the Copernican revolution and Darwinian evolution. The Copernican revolution established the heliocentric model of the solar system with the sun at the center, as discovered by Nicholas Copernicus in the 16th century. Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection, established in his 1859 book On the Origin of Species, proposed that species evolve over generations through the natural selection of small, inherited variations that increase the individual's ability to survive and reproduce. The document provides background on Copernicus, Galileo, and Darwin, and summarizes some of the key evidence and ideas that influenced their revolutionary scientific theories.
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This document discusses the contributions of ancient civilizations in Mesoamerica, Asia, and Africa to the development of science. It describes the advances made by the Maya in astronomy and their sophisticated calendar systems. The Incas developed impressive infrastructure like stone buildings, roads, and suspension bridges. The Aztecs made contributions in fields like education, medicine, agriculture, and technology. In India, metallurgy, ayurvedic medicine, astronomy, and mathematics advanced. China also made substantial advances in medicine, astronomy, science, mathematics, and technology. The document outlines the significant scientific achievements of these ancient civilizations.
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The document discusses several intellectual revolutions that have transformed society:
1) The Copernican revolution shifted the view of the solar system from a geocentric to a heliocentric model.
2) Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection revolutionized biology by providing an alternative to creationism.
3) Freudian theory revolutionized psychiatry by introducing concepts like the unconscious mind, psychoanalysis, and theories of personality development.
4) The Information Revolution, also known as the Computer Age, has greatly transformed modern living through new technologies.
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3. Intellectual Revolutions and Society.pptx
The document discusses several intellectual revolutions throughout history:
- The Copernican revolution challenged the geocentric model and proposed a heliocentric model with the sun at the center.
- Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection was highly controversial as it contradicted religious beliefs.
- Freud revolutionized psychology with his theory of psychoanalysis, establishing it as a science and explaining unconscious influences on behavior.
- Several scientific paradigms and paradigm shifts are examined, including how new theories replace old frameworks.
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This document outlines the topics and schedule for a course on Science, Technology and Society. It is divided into three main sections: 1) Historical influences of social factors on science and technology, 2) Intellectual revolutions and their impact on society, and 3) Specific contemporary issues in science and technology. Some of the individual topics that will be covered include the information age, biodiversity, nanotechnology, and gene therapy. The course will examine the relationships between science, technology, and humanity.
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The document discusses two major intellectual revolutions - the Copernican revolution and Darwinian evolution. The Copernican revolution established the heliocentric model of the solar system with the sun at the center, as discovered by Nicholas Copernicus in the 16th century. Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection, established in his 1859 book On the Origin of Species, proposed that species evolve over generations through the natural selection of small, inherited variations that increase the individual's ability to survive and reproduce. The document provides background on Copernicus, Galileo, and Darwin, and summarizes some of the key evidence and ideas that influenced their revolutionary scientific theories.
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The document discusses several intellectual revolutions that have transformed society:
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2) Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection revolutionized biology by providing an alternative to creationism.
3) Freudian theory revolutionized psychiatry by introducing concepts like the unconscious mind, psychoanalysis, and theories of personality development.
4) The Information Revolution, also known as the Computer Age, has greatly transformed modern living through new technologies.
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The document discusses intellectual revolutions that defined society, focusing on scientific revolutions from the 14th to 18th centuries in Europe. It describes how early philosophers developed ideas about the natural world, and how the scientific revolution challenged existing religious views and established the scientific method. The revolution transformed society by establishing science as a discipline and field of inquiry, and shifting views about the relationship between humanity, nature, and the cosmos from geocentric to heliocentric models. Key figures like Copernicus, Galileo, and Kepler played important roles in this intellectual transformation through their scientific theories and observations.
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The document discusses several intellectual revolutions throughout history:
- The Copernican revolution challenged the geocentric model and proposed a heliocentric model with the sun at the center.
- Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection was highly controversial as it contradicted religious beliefs.
- Freud revolutionized psychology with his theory of psychoanalysis, establishing it as a science and explaining unconscious influences on behavior.
- Several scientific paradigms and paradigm shifts are examined, including how new theories replace old frameworks.
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This document outlines the topics and schedule for a course on Science, Technology and Society. It is divided into three main sections: 1) Historical influences of social factors on science and technology, 2) Intellectual revolutions and their impact on society, and 3) Specific contemporary issues in science and technology. Some of the individual topics that will be covered include the information age, biodiversity, nanotechnology, and gene therapy. The course will examine the relationships between science, technology, and humanity.
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This is a powerpoin presentation of Human Flourishing in STS or Science technology and Society. credits to the owner of the content which I haven't copied the link. This was uploaded for the sake of teachers and students who are handling and taking Science, Technology and Society. Thank you!
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2. It also analyzes how revolutions occurred in different parts of the world, such as Latin America, East Asia, the Middle East, and Africa.
3. The key intellectuals discussed were Copernicus, whose model placed the sun at the center of the universe; Darwin, who developed the theory of evolution; and Freud, who developed the method of psychoanalysis to study the human mind.
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This document discusses several major intellectual revolutions throughout history:
The pre-Socratic revolution questioned the nature of the universe and how it worked. The Copernican revolution introduced the heliocentric model which placed the Sun, not Earth, at the center of the solar system, transforming society's view of the cosmos. Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection was one of the most controversial as it proposed life descended from common ancestors over time through a process of adaptation, contradicting religious beliefs. Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory introduced the idea of the unconscious mind influencing behavior and composed of three elements - the id, ego and superego. These intellectual revolutions were initially controversial but eventually widely accepted, transforming societies'
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This document discusses three major intellectual revolutions:
1. Copernicus' heliocentric view of the universe in 1543, which proposed that the Earth and planets revolve around the Sun, contradicting the geocentric view. This was met with criticism and heresy charges.
2. Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection in 1859, which presented evidence that species evolve over generations through natural selection.
3. Freud's psychoanalytic theory in the 1890s, which introduced the idea of the unconscious mind and how repressed desires influence human behavior and motivation.
These intellectual revolutions significantly changed human understanding of the world.
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Historical antecedents that changes the course of science and technology
In partial requirement for Science and technology subject
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The document discusses three major intellectual revolutions:
1. The Copernican Revolution established the Sun, not Earth, as the center of the universe based on Nicolaus Copernicus's heliocentric model.
2. Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection proposed that species evolve over time through advantageous traits being passed to offspring. It suggested all life shares a common ancestry.
3. Sigmund Freud revolutionized mental health by founding psychoanalysis to better understand the mind through analyzing dreams, fantasies, and free associations. His theories on sexuality, personality, and therapy were highly influential.
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The document summarizes key figures and developments during the Scientific Revolution. It discusses how Nicolaus Copernicus proposed the heliocentric model that the Earth and planets revolve around the Sun, contradicting the geocentric model. Galileo later confirmed Copernicus' theory using a telescope, though the Catholic Church condemned his findings. Isaac Newton then built upon these ideas by formulating the law of universal gravitation and laws of motion. Overall, the Scientific Revolution involved questioning prior beliefs and relying on experimentation and reasoning to better understand the natural world.
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1. The document discusses the history of science and technology from various perspectives, including prominent figures and early civilizations that contributed to scientific developments.
2. It outlines key scientific ideas and technologies from early civilizations in Mesoamerica, Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and the development of science in the Philippines under different periods of influence.
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Intellectual revolutions that defined society_S&T in Building the Nation_Wee...
Copernican, Darwinian and Freudian intellectual revolutions transformed society's views of nature. Copernicus published his heliocentric model contradicting the geocentric Ptolemaic model, establishing the birth of modern astronomy. Darwin introduced the theory of evolution by natural selection, making populations evolve over generations. Freud developed the theory of psychoanalysis, establishing psychology as a science and explaining human behavior through unconscious conflicts.
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This document provides an overview of science, technology, and society (STS). It defines science as the study of nature, technology as using knowledge for practical purposes, and society as groups with common goals. The document then discusses notable human successes in these fields like Copernicus proving the sun is the center of the solar system, Darwin's theory of evolution, and Freud revolutionizing psychology. It also notes potential disadvantages like environmental impact, social inequalities, and misuse of advancements.
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1. The document discusses intellectual revolutions that shaped society, focusing on the ideas of Copernicus, Darwin, and Freud and how they sparked scientific revolutions.
2. It also analyzes how revolutions occurred in different parts of the world, such as Latin America, East Asia, the Middle East, and Africa.
3. The key intellectuals discussed were Copernicus, whose model placed the sun at the center of the universe; Darwin, who developed the theory of evolution; and Freud, who developed the method of psychoanalysis to study the human mind.
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This document outlines the content and schedule for a course on Science, Technology and Society. The course deals with interactions between science and technology in social, cultural, political and economic contexts. It meets twice a week for 2 hours each meeting and covers topics like historical antecedents of science and technology, intellectual revolutions, and specific contemporary issues. The course uses assignments, quizzes, and class participation to determine grades. Module 2 discusses intellectual revolutions like those of Copernicus, Darwin and Freud that transformed society's understanding of the world. It also examines early cradles of science in regions like Mesoamerica, Asia, and the Middle East.
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This document summarizes the intellectual revolutions and development of science in different regions throughout history. It discusses key figures like Copernicus, Darwin, and Freud who drove intellectual revolutions. It also provides overviews of the development of science in Mesoamerica, Asia, the Middle East, and Africa, highlighting some of their scientific advancements and influential scientists, such as the Maya's astronomical understanding demonstrated in their architecture, India's contributions to mathematics including the concept of zero and trigonometry, and ancient Egypt's developments in geometry, alchemy, anatomy, and astronomy.
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This document provides an overview of science and technology development during prehistoric times from the Stone Age to the Iron Age. It describes how early humans discovered tools like stone tools during different Stone Age periods (Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic) and the four fundamental stone tool traditions that developed. It then discusses the Oldowan, Acheulean, Mousterian, Aurignacian, microlithic, Neolithic, Chalcolithic, Bronze Age and Iron Age tool technologies and how tools evolved over time from basic stone tools to the use of copper, bronze and eventually iron.
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Ancient Greek inventors developed many technologies still used today. They invented the astrolabe for astronomy and navigation, using it to determine star positions, latitude, and the visibility of celestial objects - similar to modern augmented reality star chart apps. The Greeks also invented early cranes to assist with construction projects and watermills to grind grain, predecessors to modern construction equipment and water turbines. Additionally, they created early alarm clocks by fitting water clocks with indicators and alarms to measure and announce the time, forerunners of modern timepieces.
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This document discusses several major intellectual revolutions throughout history:
The pre-Socratic revolution questioned the nature of the universe and how it worked. The Copernican revolution introduced the heliocentric model which placed the Sun, not Earth, at the center of the solar system, transforming society's view of the cosmos. Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection was one of the most controversial as it proposed life descended from common ancestors over time through a process of adaptation, contradicting religious beliefs. Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory introduced the idea of the unconscious mind influencing behavior and composed of three elements - the id, ego and superego. These intellectual revolutions were initially controversial but eventually widely accepted, transforming societies'
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The document discusses several scientific revolutions and intellectuals that defined society, including the Scientific Revolution which changed how people study and do science. It then summarizes contributions to science from several ancient civilizations including the Maya who had advanced knowledge of astronomy, mathematics, and calendars; the Inca who developed roads, buildings, irrigation systems, and record keeping; and the Aztec who valued education, chocolate, and developed agricultural and calendar systems. Contributions from Asia, the Middle East, Africa, and their ancient civilizations are also outlined such as traditional Chinese and Indian medicines, Arabic mathematical advances, and early African metallurgy and mathematical artifacts.
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This document discusses three major intellectual revolutions:
1. Copernicus' heliocentric view of the universe in 1543, which proposed that the Earth and planets revolve around the Sun, contradicting the geocentric view. This was met with criticism and heresy charges.
2. Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection in 1859, which presented evidence that species evolve over generations through natural selection.
3. Freud's psychoanalytic theory in the 1890s, which introduced the idea of the unconscious mind and how repressed desires influence human behavior and motivation.
These intellectual revolutions significantly changed human understanding of the world.
Historical antecedents that changes the course of science and technology
Historical antecedents that changes the course of science and technology
In partial requirement for Science and technology subject
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The document discusses three major intellectual revolutions:
1. The Copernican Revolution established the Sun, not Earth, as the center of the universe based on Nicolaus Copernicus's heliocentric model.
2. Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection proposed that species evolve over time through advantageous traits being passed to offspring. It suggested all life shares a common ancestry.
3. Sigmund Freud revolutionized mental health by founding psychoanalysis to better understand the mind through analyzing dreams, fantasies, and free associations. His theories on sexuality, personality, and therapy were highly influential.
Scientific Revolution
The document summarizes key figures and developments during the Scientific Revolution. It discusses how Nicolaus Copernicus proposed the heliocentric model that the Earth and planets revolve around the Sun, contradicting the geocentric model. Galileo later confirmed Copernicus' theory using a telescope, though the Catholic Church condemned his findings. Isaac Newton then built upon these ideas by formulating the law of universal gravitation and laws of motion. Overall, the Scientific Revolution involved questioning prior beliefs and relying on experimentation and reasoning to better understand the natural world.
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1. The document discusses the history of science and technology from various perspectives, including prominent figures and early civilizations that contributed to scientific developments.
2. It outlines key scientific ideas and technologies from early civilizations in Mesoamerica, Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and the development of science in the Philippines under different periods of influence.
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Copernican, Darwinian and Freudian intellectual revolutions transformed society's views of nature. Copernicus published his heliocentric model contradicting the geocentric Ptolemaic model, establishing the birth of modern astronomy. Darwin introduced the theory of evolution by natural selection, making populations evolve over generations. Freud developed the theory of psychoanalysis, establishing psychology as a science and explaining human behavior through unconscious conflicts.
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The document discusses Sigmund Freud's theory of psychoanalysis, which proposes that human behavior is determined by the interaction of the id, ego, and superego components of the psyche. Psychoanalysis views the mind as consisting of the conscious mind, preconscious, and unconscious mind. It established a new discipline focused on investigating the mind, especially the unconscious mind, through clinical methods like free association and dream analysis.
World History Ch. 19 Section 1 Notes
1. A new way of scientific thinking emerged during the Scientific Revolution which challenged traditional views and relied on experimentation and evidence.
2. Remarkable discoveries were made in astronomy, physics, and math including Copernicus' theory that the Earth revolves around the sun and Kepler's discovery that planets orbit in ellipses.
3. Major advances were also made in biology and chemistry through discoveries like the circulation of blood and invention of the microscope which allowed the observation of cells.
THE PRE-SOCRATIC PHILOSOPHERS
The pre-Socratics were early Greek philosophers who lived between the 6th and 5th centuries BCE. They sought rational explanations for the world rather than attributing its creation to gods. The Milesian school believed the physical world was composed of a single element or "arche." Thales proposed water was the arche, while Anaximander said it was the infinite and Anaximenes said it was air. Anaxagoras believed all things contained a portion of everything else. Pythagoras and his followers explored mathematics and believed in concepts like the harmony of the spheres. Heraclitus was known for saying all things are in constant change.
STS%20m%2001_d59d07e242ac635bc98e8dae34cfbc65.docx
The document discusses the scientific revolution and key intellectuals that contributed revolutionary ideas during this period. It provides details on Copernicus, Darwin, and Freud. Copernicus proposed that the Sun, not Earth, was the center of the universe, challenging the dominant geocentric view. Darwin developed the theory of evolution by natural selection, replacing religious design views of creation. Freud developed psychoanalysis as an observational method to study the human mind. The document also summarizes contributions to early science from civilizations in Mesoamerica, Asia, and the Middle East.
Scientific Revolution.ppt
The Scientific Revolution involved a new way of thinking that challenged traditional views. Copernicus developed a heliocentric model of the solar system that placed the Sun, not Earth, at the center. Kepler later proved that planets orbit in ellipses, not circles. Galileo used a telescope to observe craters on the Moon and moons orbiting Jupiter, supporting Copernicus' theory. Newton later published Principia, explaining gravity and its effects on planetary motion. Discoveries were also made in biology through anatomy studies and microscopy, and in chemistry through experimentation and precise measurements. While the Catholic Church initially opposed challenges to its authority, it benefited from advances that enabled Renaissance art and architecture.
Scientific Revolution.ppt
The Scientific Revolution involved a new way of thinking that challenged traditional views. Copernicus developed a heliocentric model of the solar system that placed the Sun, not Earth, at the center. Kepler later proved that planets orbit in ellipses, not circles. Galileo used a telescope to observe craters on the Moon, moons of Jupiter, and more. Newton later published Principia, explaining his law of universal gravitation. Discoveries were also made in biology through the work of Vesalius, Harvey, Hooke, and Leeuwenhoek. Advances in chemistry included Boyle's gas laws and Lavoisier's work on elements and conservation of mass. While the Church initially opposed challenges to its authority,
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reasons shaped and inspired the theory of ‘Origin of life and universe’ in a progressive way
and to look it from a philosopher’s point of view. I also want to explore the aspect on what makes a radical idea like Darwin’s evolutionary theory which was different from the existing paradigm to be accepted amongst the scientific community.
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This document provides an overview of the scientific method as it applies to the field of psycholinguistics. It begins by defining psycholinguistics as aiming to understand how language is acquired, processed in the mind, and differs from animal communication systems. The scientific method is then described as involving observing phenomena, formulating hypotheses, experimentally testing hypotheses, analyzing results, and reporting findings. The results either support a hypothesis or lead to reformulating it for further testing. Key aspects of the scientific method discussed include defining variables, developing experiments, using statistics, considering all factors, and being open to revising theories based on evidence. The document presents the scientific method as the systematic approach used in psycholinguistics to further understanding of language.
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MODULE_3_STS.pdf
1. The document discusses several intellectuals and early civilizations that contributed significantly to scientific developments throughout history. It examines the revolutionary ideas of Copernicus, Darwin, and Freud and how they challenged dominant theories of their time. 2. Several ancient civilizations are also discussed, including their contributions to astronomy, mathematics, medicine, and technology. The Mayans, Incas, and Aztecs in Mesoamerica made advances in calendars, irrigation, architecture, and more. Civilizations in Asia, the Middle East, and Africa also made important scientific discoveries and innovations. 3. Overall, the document outlines how intellectuals and early societies throughout the world played key roles in the scientific revolution and advancing human understanding of the natural world.
Chapter 2.pptx
1. The document discusses several intellectual revolutions that defined society, including the Scientific Revolution, Copernican Revolution, and Darwinian Revolution.
2. During the Scientific Revolution, thinkers began challenging Aristotle's theories and relying more on experimentation, leading to new theories of science. Copernicus proposed that the sun, not Earth, was the center of the solar system.
3. Galileo and Kepler further developed the heliocentric model through observations with telescopes. Newton later formulated laws of motion and gravity, cementing the new scientific worldview.
4. Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection completed the revolution in biology by providing a natural explanation for the diversity of life without invoking supernatural causes.
Science and Technology PUBLIC ADMINISTRA
The document summarizes major scientific revolutions and discoveries throughout history. It discusses the Copernican revolution which established the sun-centered model of the solar system. It also discusses Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. Freud is mentioned for developing psychoanalysis and the concepts of the unconscious mind and defense mechanisms. The document also summarizes contributions to science and technology from ancient civilizations in Mesoamerica, Asia, and the Middle East.
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IN THE 17TH CENTURY.pptx
Here is a possible poster design explaining the development of science and technology and its impact on society:
[POSTER DESIGN]
The top of the poster would have a title "The Evolution of Science and Its Impact on Society"
The left side would have a timeline listing major scientific discoveries/inventions starting from ancient civilizations up to modern day (Agriculture, wheel, printing press, electricity, computers, internet, smartphones etc.).
The right side would have illustrations/images representing each era and how technology evolved.
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It would conclude by discussing how today's digital technologies have
Scientific revolution i 1011
The Scientific Revolution represented a shift from the medieval worldview to a modern worldview. [1] It combined Renaissance humanism's emphasis on individual ability with the Scientific Revolution's development of a mechanistic, mathematical view of the universe. [2] Francis Bacon would have supported Copernicus' heliocentric theory because Bacon criticized relying on authority figures like Aristotle and advocated empirically testing theories against observations of nature. [3]
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Intellectualrevolutions 190701124943
- 2. What is intellectual revolution? • refer to Greek speculation about the "nature" in the period before Socrates (roughly 600 to 400 BCE). "pre Socratic" or "non-theological" or "first philosophy". – more on physics and logic • showed how society was transformed by science and technology
- 3. Questions: • What created day and night? • What heavenly bodies are like stars, moons and planets are? • What was actually out there at the outer space?
- 5. Claudius Ptolemy • Famous Greek philosopher and astronomer. • Stated that the planets, the sun and the moon moved in a circular motion around the earth – existence of days and nights
- 6. Geocentrism/ Geocentric Model • a superseded description of the Universe with Earth at the center. • Under the geocentric model, the Sun, Moon, stars, and planets all orbited Earth.
- 7. Nicholas Copernicus Revolutionary astronomer • A Polish mathematician and astronomer. • developed his model of a Sun-centered universe. • explained the daily and yearly motion of the sun and stars in the universe
- 8. Heliocentrism/ Heliocentric Model • The center of the solar system is not the Earth but actually the sun • Started the birth of modern astronomy/ • scientific revolution/ transformation of society’s thoughts and beliefs
- 9. DARWINIAN REVOLUTION (one of the most controversial intellectual revolutions of its time)
- 10. Charles Darwin • An English naturalist, biologist and geologist. • all life is related and has descended from a common ancestor: the birds and the bananas, the fishes and the flowers -- all related. • Published his book, On the Origin of Species. • complex creatures evolve from more simplistic ancestors naturally over time
- 11. Theory of Evolution • Populations pass through a process of natural selection in which only the fittest would survive. • Organisms have the ability to adapt to their environment and would gradually changed into something that would be more competitive to survive - evolution
- 13. Sigmund Freud • was the founding father of psychoanalysis, a method for treating mental illness and also a theory which explains human behavior.
- 14. Freud’s Theory • emphasized the influence of the unconscious mind on behavior. • Freud believed that the human mind was composed of three conflicting elements: the id, the ego, and the superego.
- 15. Questions for Reflection: 1. Why do you think were most intellectual ideas controversial? 2. Why did the people accept these new discoveries despite being contradictoryto what was widely accepted at that time? 3. How do intellectual revolutions transform societies?
- 16. References: • https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless- psychology/chapter/psychodynamic-perspectives-on- personality/ • https://www.christianitytoday.com/history/people/scholar sandscientists/nicholas-copernicus.html • https://www.britannica.com/science/geocentric-system • https://www.darwins-theory-of-evolution.com/