The document describes an integrated farming system practiced in Bihar, India. It consists of multiple agricultural enterprises suited for the local agro-climatic conditions, including crop production, dairy farming, poultry, fisheries, apiculture, and mushroom cultivation. The system aims to achieve sustainability, high yields, income, reduced costs, and regular employment. It leverages the natural resources and geography of Bihar, integrating the waste or output of one component as input for another to maximize productivity and minimize risks from failures in any single component. The document provides details on the practices, requirements, costs and estimated outputs of each component of the integrated farming system.

1. Integrated farming system in
Bihar
Presented by :
Aparna, Nisha Chaudhary, Mudita, Abhishek Anand,
Avichal, Vishal, Mohit, Abhishek Thakur

2. Integrated farming system
• A judicious mix of agricultural enterprises like dairy, poultry, piggery,
fishery, sericulture etc. suited to the given agro-climatic conditions which
brings prosperity in farming
• Objectives :
1. Sustainability
2. High yield
3. High income
4. Reduce production cost
5. Regular income
6. Reduce energy crisis
7. Regular employment

3. Geography of Bihar
• Subtropical region of the temperate zone
• Bihar is in Indo-Gangetic plain so naturally fertile soil is one asset, pH
varies from 6.5 to 8.4
• Bihar plain is divided into two unequal halves by the river Ganges
• Central parts of Bihar have some small hills, for example the Rajgir hills.
• lowest temperatures being around 0–10 degrees summer with average highs
around 35–45 Celsius
• The monsoon months are June, July, August, and September
• Here averages precipitation is 1031 mm.
• Crops grown : Rice, Sugarcane, Cotton, Oil seeds, Potato, Pulses, Wheat,
Milletes, Jute, Chilli

4. Components of IFS practiced in Bihar
1. Crop production/ Cropping system
2. Vegetable and fruits production
3. Poultry
4. Livestock
5. Pisciculture
6. Mushroom cultivation
7. Apiculture
8. Bio-gas production

5. CROPPING SYSTEM
• The net sown area in Bihar is 60% of its geographical area
• Cropping pattern in dominated by cereals. Rice-wheat cropping system
occupies more than 70% of the gross cropped area. Pulses occupy
around 7 % of the gross cropped area
• fruit crops grown in Bihar are Mango, Guava, Litchi, Banana
• Almost all vegetable crops like solanaceous, cucurbits, beans, cole crops,
okra, onion and other root crops are widely grown
• The aromatic plants like Japanese Mint, Lemongrass, Pamaroja, J.
citronella

6. POULTRY FARMING
• Scope :
i. Indian poultry is world’s 2nd largest market
ii. 3rd largest egg producer and 5th largest meat producer in India
iii. Cost of production is less
iv. Cheapest sourse of animal protein
• 14 million poultry are contributing 1 billion eggs per annum
• Varieties-
1. Kadaknath
2. Vanraj
3. Vencobb
4. White leg horn

7. ....continued....
• PER CAPITA PRODUCTION(INDIA)
A. Egg production-- 6700 crores/y
B. Broiler chicken-- 50 lakh ton /y
• Poultry in Bihar is also integrated with
fish cultivation, area near to West Bengal
follows this system

8. MUSHROOM CULTIVATION
(Oyster Mushroom)
• For Summer Season : -
• Area: -32 M2
Single normal room (4x 8 meters) can produce 700kg of mushroom from one ton
of Paddy Straw in 40-50 days.
• Temperature Requirement: -
a. Optimum Temp. for Mycelium growth on the substrate - 25-30oC
b. Optimum temp. for fruiting - 20+ 2oC
c. Temp. Range where it can grow - 18-25oC
• Yield : -
a. 1st Harvesting – 1-6 Kg/block
b. 2nd Harvesting - 750 g/block
c. 3rd Harvesting - 450 g/block

9. ....continued.....
• For Winter Season : -(Button Mushroom)
• Temperature Requirement:
Optimum temp for mycelium growth -22-24 OC
Optimum temp for fruiting - 16 + 2 OC
Temp range where it can grow - 12-26 OC
• Yield : - 170 Kg /year
• Raw materials:
Spawn, wheat/paddy straw, wooden trays, chemicals

10. LIVESTOCK
• It is practiced for dairy products and meat
• Area – The land required for the construction of dairy sheds and ancillary
structures including milking parlour, maternity pens, straw store, feed store,
implements room, milk room, chaff cutter shed, manure pit, roads and
alleys between and office etc.
• Shed -16.25 M2
• Area of fodder – 500 M2 of fodder
• Cow breeds
1. Jersy
2. Buffalo breeds
3. Suti
4. Mehsana

11. .....continued....
Housing :-
1. Roof type-Thatched Roof
• made of either coconut or Palmyra leaves.
• cheap and poor conductors of heat
2. Floor type-Solid floor (cemented)
• It is a common material used in animal house.
• It is cheap and durable floor if properly constructed.
Production :-
• Milk - 4000kg per year (cow)
- 1000 kg per year (suti)
-1200kg per year (Mehsana)
• Dung- 2000-7000kg per year

12. PISCICULTURE
• Pond preparation:
1. Clear aquatic plants from the ponds. To clear dense vegetation, apply 2,4-D sodium salt
2. Pond must be free from predatory and uneconomical fishes.
Pond embankments should be strengthened to prevent entry of predatory fishes. Mahua oil cake can
be used to clear unwanted fishes.
• Fertilization:
1. Organic- Cow dung
• Inorganic-
1. Super phosphate - 50kg
2. Quick lime -100 kg
3. Urea

13. .....continued....
• Stocking
Fish seed @4000 to 5000 per hac fingerlings.
• Species: Catla (surface feeders), Rohita (column feeders), Marigala
(bottom feeders)
• Ratio: 3:3:4
• Supplementary Feeding
Rice bran and oil cake

14. APICULTURE
• Area – 3 x 1.5 square feet
• If the bee hives are hanged on trees then 0 sq. feet area is required
which makes it a landless cultivation system.
• Labor requirement is very less in apiculture.
• One person is required to look after the hives for 1-2 hours per day.
• Bees used for apiculture are:
1. Apis cerena indica
2. Apis mellifera
• Profit made from 2 bee hives per year is about Rs. 18,949
• Hives used in the farm are generally natural hives, clay hives and
skeps.

15. ......continued......
• Benefits Of Apiculture For Farmers :
a. A beekeeper (or apiarist) keeps bees in order to collect :
b. Honey beeswax, propolis, flower pollen, bee pollen, and royal jelly
to pollinate crops, or to produce bees for sale to other beekeepers.
c. Increase the income of the farmer overall by the production and collection
of honey from apiculture.

16. BIOGAS PRODUCTION
• In farm waste such as dung is mixed with straw, grass, leaves and kitchen
waste were kept in anaerobic environment produced gas is called as bio-gas
• Gases like carbon dioxide, nitrogen, methane and hydrogen sulfide gases
combinations and methane are produced
• Parts of Bio gas utensil
• 1. Fermentation tank
2. Gas tank
3. Pipe Systems
4. Mixing tank
5. Gas stove
6. Waste mixing exiting tank
• Fermentation capacity: High fermentation occurs at a temperature of 30-
35 ° C . At least 50 liters per day of gas produced per kg of dung.

17. .....continued.....

18. INTERCONNECTION

19. Cost – Analysis (Input)
PARTICULARS AMOUNT(INR)
ELECTRICITY 5,000
IRRIGATION(water from the fishery
pond and additional electric motor)
10,000
LABOUR 5,000
FENCING 6,000
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS 3,000
TOTAL 29,000

20. INPUT ( FISH FARMING)
REQUIREMENTS AMOUNT(INR)
Pond 1,200
Feed 1,000
Fingerlings 518 (3.7Kg @140/KG)
TOTAL 2,718
INPUT (FLORICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE)
REQUIRMENTS AMOUNT(INR)
Rajanigandha bulbs 300
marigold seeds 200
TOTAL 500

21. INPUT(POULTRY)
REQUIREMENTS AMOUNT(INR)
Shed and other structures 4,000
Laying house 2,500
Chicks 3,150 (50chicks@ 63 per chick)
Feed 4,000
Other Expenses 948
TOTAL 14,598
INPUT ( APICULTURE )
REQUIREMENTS AMOUNT(INR)
Honey extractor 780
Bee hive 1,400
Comb foundation 1,000
Hive tool, Smoker , Bee veil 97
TOTAL 3,277

22. INPUT (MUSHROOM CULTIVATION)
REQUIRMENTS AMOUNT(INR)
Sprayers with pump
and water pipes
1,395
Tray ,tub ,bucket ,
thermometer, knife
810
Motor , exhaust fan 2,250
Mother spawn 250 (1 KG)
TOTAL 27,205
INPUT (CATTLE REARING)
REQUIRMENTS AMOUNT(INR)
Cost of cattle 82,000
Cattle shed 50,000
Rope 200
Feed ( concentrate ) 6,386
Vet. 400
TOTAL 1,38,986
TOTAL INPUT
REQUIREMENTS AMOUNT(INR)
SUM OF ALL INPUT 216,284

23. S.N PARTICULARS AMOUNT(INR)
1 Fish (44.7 KG @160/KG) 7,152
2 Crops(Rice-910kg@40/kg,
Mungbean100kg@55/kg,
Barseem100@30/kg, wheat -
300@40/kg, Rajnigantha90kg,
Marigold 100kg)
70,540
3 Mushroom (168 kg@200/kg) 33,519
4 Eggs ( @3.4/egg ) 28,000
5 Milk(Cow-
4000kg@40/kg,Buffalo-
2200kg@50/kg)
1,05,000
6. Honey , wax 18,949
7. Flowers 10,000
GRAND TOTAL 273,160
Cost Analysis - Output

24. • This model is effective and can provide income to the farmer all the times
• Waste/output of one component can be used as input for other component
• Reducing the cost of input and increases productivity
• Even if one the system fails due to weather or other reasons, other farming
system helps the farmer to compensate the loss.
• Plan proves to be very beneficial, cost effective, and sustainable in nature.
CONCLUSION

25. THANK YOU!!!!