This document provides information about the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It begins by explaining what an instruction is - a binary pattern that performs a specific function inside a microprocessor. It then discusses the different types of instructions in the 8085 instruction set, including data transfer instructions, arithmetic instructions, logical instructions, branching instructions, and control instructions. For each type of instruction, it provides examples and explains how the instruction works. It covers 13 different data transfer instructions in detail, such as MOV, MVI, LDA, STA, and more. It also briefly discusses arithmetic instructions for addition and subtraction. The document serves as a guide to the various instructions supported by the 8085 microprocessor.
The document discusses the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It contains 13 categories of instructions - data transfer, arithmetic, logical, branching, and control instructions. The data transfer instructions include MOV, MVI, LDA, STA, etc. The arithmetic instructions perform operations like addition, subtraction, increment, decrement. Some examples of instructions and their operations are provided.
8085 Paper Presentation slides,ppt,microprocessor 8085 ,guide, instruction setSaumitra Rukmangad
The document provides information about the 8085 microprocessor. It describes the 8085 as an 8-bit processor with 40 pins that can access 64KB of memory and 256 I/O ports. It has 5 hardware interrupts, 8 general purpose registers including the program counter and stack pointer, and provides 74 instructions across 5 addressing modes.
The 8085 microprocessor has a 8-bit instruction set containing 246 instructions. The instructions are classified into different types such as data transfer, arithmetic, logical, branching, and control instructions. Data transfer instructions move data between registers and memory. Arithmetic instructions perform operations like addition, subtraction, increment, and decrement. Logical instructions perform AND, OR, XOR, compare, and rotate operations. Branching instructions alter the program flow. Control instructions control the operation of the microprocessor.
The document provides instruction on the 8085 microprocessor instruction set. It discusses the different types of instructions including data transfer, arithmetic, and logical instructions. Data transfer instructions move data between registers and memory. Arithmetic instructions perform operations like addition, subtraction, incrementing, and decrementing. Logical instructions perform bitwise operations like AND and OR. The document provides examples of common instructions and explains their purpose and functionality.
The document describes the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It includes 3 main categories of instructions: data transfer instructions, arithmetic instructions, and branching/logical instructions. Some key instructions are MOV to move data, ADD/SUB for arithmetic, JMP/CALL for branching, and AND/OR/XOR for logical operations. The instructions operate on registers or memory using operands like register names or memory addresses.
The document provides an overview of the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It is divided into 5 categories: data transfer group, arithmetic group, logic group, branch group, and stack, I/O and machine control group. Each category contains several instructions and examples are given to illustrate how each instruction works by showing the initial and final register values and flags affected. The document aims to explain the various instructions that the 8085 microprocessor can execute.
The document discusses different instruction groups for the 8085 microprocessor including: data transfer instructions like LDAX and STAX which move data between registers and memory, arithmetic instructions like ADD and INR which perform addition and increment operations, and branching instructions. It provides examples of instructions and describes their length, function, and effect on flags and processing time.
The document provides information on the 8085 microprocessor. It describes the 8085 as an 8-bit processor that is a single-chip N-MOS device with 40 pins. It has multiplexed address and data bus, works on a 5V power supply, and provides 74 instructions with 5 addressing modes. The document also describes the architecture of the 8085 including its registers, arithmetic logic unit, and instruction set.
The document discusses the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It contains 13 categories of instructions - data transfer, arithmetic, logical, branching, and control instructions. The data transfer instructions include MOV, MVI, LDA, STA, etc. The arithmetic instructions perform operations like addition, subtraction, increment, decrement. Some examples of instructions and their operations are provided.
8085 Paper Presentation slides,ppt,microprocessor 8085 ,guide, instruction setSaumitra Rukmangad
The document provides information about the 8085 microprocessor. It describes the 8085 as an 8-bit processor with 40 pins that can access 64KB of memory and 256 I/O ports. It has 5 hardware interrupts, 8 general purpose registers including the program counter and stack pointer, and provides 74 instructions across 5 addressing modes.
The 8085 microprocessor has a 8-bit instruction set containing 246 instructions. The instructions are classified into different types such as data transfer, arithmetic, logical, branching, and control instructions. Data transfer instructions move data between registers and memory. Arithmetic instructions perform operations like addition, subtraction, increment, and decrement. Logical instructions perform AND, OR, XOR, compare, and rotate operations. Branching instructions alter the program flow. Control instructions control the operation of the microprocessor.
The document provides instruction on the 8085 microprocessor instruction set. It discusses the different types of instructions including data transfer, arithmetic, and logical instructions. Data transfer instructions move data between registers and memory. Arithmetic instructions perform operations like addition, subtraction, incrementing, and decrementing. Logical instructions perform bitwise operations like AND and OR. The document provides examples of common instructions and explains their purpose and functionality.
The document describes the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It includes 3 main categories of instructions: data transfer instructions, arithmetic instructions, and branching/logical instructions. Some key instructions are MOV to move data, ADD/SUB for arithmetic, JMP/CALL for branching, and AND/OR/XOR for logical operations. The instructions operate on registers or memory using operands like register names or memory addresses.
The document provides an overview of the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It is divided into 5 categories: data transfer group, arithmetic group, logic group, branch group, and stack, I/O and machine control group. Each category contains several instructions and examples are given to illustrate how each instruction works by showing the initial and final register values and flags affected. The document aims to explain the various instructions that the 8085 microprocessor can execute.
The document discusses different instruction groups for the 8085 microprocessor including: data transfer instructions like LDAX and STAX which move data between registers and memory, arithmetic instructions like ADD and INR which perform addition and increment operations, and branching instructions. It provides examples of instructions and describes their length, function, and effect on flags and processing time.
The document provides information on the 8085 microprocessor. It describes the 8085 as an 8-bit processor that is a single-chip N-MOS device with 40 pins. It has multiplexed address and data bus, works on a 5V power supply, and provides 74 instructions with 5 addressing modes. The document also describes the architecture of the 8085 including its registers, arithmetic logic unit, and instruction set.
Intel 8085 is an 8-bit microprocessor. It handles 8-bit data at a time. One byte consists of 8-bits.A memory location for Intel 8085 microprocessor is designed to accumulate 8-bit data. If 16-bit data are to be stored, they are stored in consecutive memory locations. The address of memory location is 0f 16-bit i.e. 2 bytes. In this slide we have discussed about the various instructions set of INTEL 8085 micrpoprocessor.
This document provides an overview of the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It begins by defining what an instruction is and the classification of the 8085 instruction set. It then proceeds to describe various data transfer, arithmetic, logical, branching, and control instructions in detail through opcode, operands, examples, and before/after execution illustrations. The document aims to provide a comprehensive reference for the complete set of 246 instructions supported by the 8085 microprocessor.
The document discusses the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It is divided into 5 categories: 1) Data Transfer Instructions which move data between registers and memory, 2) Arithmetic Instructions which perform addition, subtraction, incrementing and decrementing, 3) Logical Instructions which perform logical operations like AND, OR, XOR, 4) Branching Instructions which alter program flow unconditionally or conditionally, and 5) Control Instructions which control the operation of the microprocessor like halt. Examples of instructions from each category are provided.
The document discusses the instruction set of the 8086 microprocessor. It is divided into 7 sections that cover: 1) data transfer instructions like MOV, IN, OUT, PUSH, and POP; 2) arithmetic/logical instructions; 3) branch instructions; 4) shift and rotate instructions; 5) string manipulation instructions; 6) flag manipulation and processor control instructions; and 7) machine control instructions. Examples are provided for each type of instruction to illustrate their operation and effect on registers or memory locations.
The document describes the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It is divided into 5 categories: data transfer instructions, arithmetic instructions, logical instructions, branching instructions, and control instructions. The data transfer instructions include MOV, MVI, LDA, STA, etc. to move data between registers and memory. The arithmetic instructions perform operations like addition, subtraction, increment, decrement. The logical instructions include AND, OR, XOR logical operations.
The document describes the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor, which includes 5 groups: data transfer, arithmetic, logical, branching/loop, and stack and machine control. It provides details on 13 instructions in the data transfer group, which allow moving data between registers and memory. The instructions copy data between registers, immediate data to registers/memory, 16-bit data to register pairs, and data indirectly using register pairs as pointers to memory.
The instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor contains 246 instructions that are classified into different types such as data transfer, arithmetic, logical, branching, and control instructions. Data transfer instructions move data between registers and memory locations. Arithmetic instructions perform operations like addition, subtraction, increment, and decrement. Logical instructions perform logical operations like AND, OR, XOR on registers and memory.
instruction set of 8086 microprocessor has following categories:
-Data transfer instructions
-Arithmetic instructions
-Logical instructions
-Flag manipulation instructions
-shift and rotate instructions
-String instructions
-8086 assembler directives
The document describes the instruction set of the 8086 microprocessor. It discusses the different types of instructions including data transfer instructions like MOV, PUSH, POP, XCHG, IN, OUT, and XLAT. It also covers addressing modes, instruction formats, and the various registers used by the 8086 microprocessor like the stack pointer and flag register. In total there are 14 different data transfer instructions described that are used to move data between registers, memory, ports, and the flag and stack pointers.
The stack in the 8085 microprocessor is a group of memory locations used for temporary storage of data during program execution. Data is stored and retrieved on a last-in, first-out basis. The PUSH instruction stores data in the stack by decrementing the stack pointer and copying register contents to memory. The POP instruction retrieves data from the stack by copying memory contents back to registers and incrementing the stack pointer. Common register pairs that can be pushed and popped include BC, DE, HL, and A and flags.
This document provides an overview of the different types of instructions in the 8086 microprocessor architecture. It discusses data transfer, arithmetic, logical, string, control transfer, and processor control instructions. For each type, it provides examples of common instructions and explains how they work and affect registers or flags. The document is intended as a guide to understanding the instruction set of the 8086.
This document summarizes the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It is classified into different types: data transfer instructions to move data, arithmetic instructions to perform operations like addition and subtraction, logical instructions for logical operations like AND and OR, branching instructions to alter program flow, and machine instructions to control the processor. Some examples of instructions are provided for each type.
Shift and Rotate Instructions
Shift and Rotate Applications
Multiplication and Division Instructions
Extended Addition and Subtraction
ASCII and Packed Decimal Arithmetic
The document describes the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor, which is divided into 5 groups: data transfer, arithmetic, logical, branching/loop, and stack/machine control. It provides details of 20 representative instructions - 10 arithmetic instructions like ADD, SUB, and DAA and 10 data manipulation instructions like INR, DCR, and INX. For each instruction, it explains the operation, number of bytes, flags affected, and provides an example to illustrate how it works.
This document provides information on 8088 microprocessor instruction set. It discusses:
1) The basic components of a program including instructions and machine code.
2) Examples of instruction formats and operations for data transfer, arithmetic, logical, and shift instructions.
3) Details on multiplication and division instructions including examples of multiplying and dividing operations.
4) Key benefits of assembly language such as taking up less memory and executing faster than high-level languages.
This document provides an overview of assembly language programming on the 8086 processor. It includes examples of assembly code using MOV, MUL, and other instructions. It then summarizes various 8086 instruction types like data transfer, arithmetic, logical, and control flow instructions. For each type, it lists some common instructions and provides brief descriptions and examples.
The instruction set of the 8086 microprocessor can be classified into several groups, including data transfer instructions, arithmetic instructions, and processor control instructions. The data transfer instructions include general purpose instructions to move bytes or words between registers and memory locations. Common instructions are MOV, PUSH, POP, and XCHG. The arithmetic instructions perform operations like addition, subtraction, and comparison and affect the processor's flags. Common instructions are ADD, SUB, INC, and CMP. The 8086 instruction set also includes instructions for bit manipulation, string operations, and transferring program execution.
The document describes the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It discusses the different types of instructions such as data transfer, arithmetic, logical, branching, and control instructions. It provides details on specific instructions like MOV, MVI, ADD, SUB etc. and explains their operation, opcode, operands and purpose with examples. The 8085 has 246 instructions that are 8-bit binary values called opcodes. The data transfer instructions move data between registers and memory. Arithmetic instructions perform operations like addition, subtraction, increment and decrement.
Logical instruction of 8085
Instruction Set of 8085
Classification of Instruction Set
Logical Instructions
AND, OR, XOR
Logical Instructions
Summary Logical Group
The document discusses the logical instructions of the 8085 microprocessor. It describes that logical instructions perform logical operations like AND, OR, XOR on data in registers and memory. These instructions allow bits in the accumulator to be set on or off. Specific logical instructions are compared like ANA, ANI, ORA, ORI, XRA, XRI. Additional instructions rotate bits in the accumulator and complement or set the carry flag.
The document describes the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It includes data transfer, arithmetic, and branching instructions. Data transfer instructions move data between registers and memory. Arithmetic instructions perform operations like addition, subtraction, increment, and decrement. Branching instructions allow unconditional or conditional jumps in the program flow.
The document summarizes the evolution of Intel microprocessors from 1971 to 1999. It describes key microprocessors including the 4004, 8008, 8080, 8088, 286, 386, 486, Pentium, Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium III, and Celeron. With each generation, transistors increased and features improved to enable more powerful personal computing. The Intel microprocessors established Intel as the dominant force in the PC market and fueled the growth of the personal computer industry.
Intel 8085 is an 8-bit microprocessor. It handles 8-bit data at a time. One byte consists of 8-bits.A memory location for Intel 8085 microprocessor is designed to accumulate 8-bit data. If 16-bit data are to be stored, they are stored in consecutive memory locations. The address of memory location is 0f 16-bit i.e. 2 bytes. In this slide we have discussed about the various instructions set of INTEL 8085 micrpoprocessor.
This document provides an overview of the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It begins by defining what an instruction is and the classification of the 8085 instruction set. It then proceeds to describe various data transfer, arithmetic, logical, branching, and control instructions in detail through opcode, operands, examples, and before/after execution illustrations. The document aims to provide a comprehensive reference for the complete set of 246 instructions supported by the 8085 microprocessor.
The document discusses the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It is divided into 5 categories: 1) Data Transfer Instructions which move data between registers and memory, 2) Arithmetic Instructions which perform addition, subtraction, incrementing and decrementing, 3) Logical Instructions which perform logical operations like AND, OR, XOR, 4) Branching Instructions which alter program flow unconditionally or conditionally, and 5) Control Instructions which control the operation of the microprocessor like halt. Examples of instructions from each category are provided.
The document discusses the instruction set of the 8086 microprocessor. It is divided into 7 sections that cover: 1) data transfer instructions like MOV, IN, OUT, PUSH, and POP; 2) arithmetic/logical instructions; 3) branch instructions; 4) shift and rotate instructions; 5) string manipulation instructions; 6) flag manipulation and processor control instructions; and 7) machine control instructions. Examples are provided for each type of instruction to illustrate their operation and effect on registers or memory locations.
The document describes the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It is divided into 5 categories: data transfer instructions, arithmetic instructions, logical instructions, branching instructions, and control instructions. The data transfer instructions include MOV, MVI, LDA, STA, etc. to move data between registers and memory. The arithmetic instructions perform operations like addition, subtraction, increment, decrement. The logical instructions include AND, OR, XOR logical operations.
The document describes the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor, which includes 5 groups: data transfer, arithmetic, logical, branching/loop, and stack and machine control. It provides details on 13 instructions in the data transfer group, which allow moving data between registers and memory. The instructions copy data between registers, immediate data to registers/memory, 16-bit data to register pairs, and data indirectly using register pairs as pointers to memory.
The instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor contains 246 instructions that are classified into different types such as data transfer, arithmetic, logical, branching, and control instructions. Data transfer instructions move data between registers and memory locations. Arithmetic instructions perform operations like addition, subtraction, increment, and decrement. Logical instructions perform logical operations like AND, OR, XOR on registers and memory.
instruction set of 8086 microprocessor has following categories:
-Data transfer instructions
-Arithmetic instructions
-Logical instructions
-Flag manipulation instructions
-shift and rotate instructions
-String instructions
-8086 assembler directives
The document describes the instruction set of the 8086 microprocessor. It discusses the different types of instructions including data transfer instructions like MOV, PUSH, POP, XCHG, IN, OUT, and XLAT. It also covers addressing modes, instruction formats, and the various registers used by the 8086 microprocessor like the stack pointer and flag register. In total there are 14 different data transfer instructions described that are used to move data between registers, memory, ports, and the flag and stack pointers.
The stack in the 8085 microprocessor is a group of memory locations used for temporary storage of data during program execution. Data is stored and retrieved on a last-in, first-out basis. The PUSH instruction stores data in the stack by decrementing the stack pointer and copying register contents to memory. The POP instruction retrieves data from the stack by copying memory contents back to registers and incrementing the stack pointer. Common register pairs that can be pushed and popped include BC, DE, HL, and A and flags.
This document provides an overview of the different types of instructions in the 8086 microprocessor architecture. It discusses data transfer, arithmetic, logical, string, control transfer, and processor control instructions. For each type, it provides examples of common instructions and explains how they work and affect registers or flags. The document is intended as a guide to understanding the instruction set of the 8086.
This document summarizes the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It is classified into different types: data transfer instructions to move data, arithmetic instructions to perform operations like addition and subtraction, logical instructions for logical operations like AND and OR, branching instructions to alter program flow, and machine instructions to control the processor. Some examples of instructions are provided for each type.
Shift and Rotate Instructions
Shift and Rotate Applications
Multiplication and Division Instructions
Extended Addition and Subtraction
ASCII and Packed Decimal Arithmetic
The document describes the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor, which is divided into 5 groups: data transfer, arithmetic, logical, branching/loop, and stack/machine control. It provides details of 20 representative instructions - 10 arithmetic instructions like ADD, SUB, and DAA and 10 data manipulation instructions like INR, DCR, and INX. For each instruction, it explains the operation, number of bytes, flags affected, and provides an example to illustrate how it works.
This document provides information on 8088 microprocessor instruction set. It discusses:
1) The basic components of a program including instructions and machine code.
2) Examples of instruction formats and operations for data transfer, arithmetic, logical, and shift instructions.
3) Details on multiplication and division instructions including examples of multiplying and dividing operations.
4) Key benefits of assembly language such as taking up less memory and executing faster than high-level languages.
This document provides an overview of assembly language programming on the 8086 processor. It includes examples of assembly code using MOV, MUL, and other instructions. It then summarizes various 8086 instruction types like data transfer, arithmetic, logical, and control flow instructions. For each type, it lists some common instructions and provides brief descriptions and examples.
The instruction set of the 8086 microprocessor can be classified into several groups, including data transfer instructions, arithmetic instructions, and processor control instructions. The data transfer instructions include general purpose instructions to move bytes or words between registers and memory locations. Common instructions are MOV, PUSH, POP, and XCHG. The arithmetic instructions perform operations like addition, subtraction, and comparison and affect the processor's flags. Common instructions are ADD, SUB, INC, and CMP. The 8086 instruction set also includes instructions for bit manipulation, string operations, and transferring program execution.
The document describes the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It discusses the different types of instructions such as data transfer, arithmetic, logical, branching, and control instructions. It provides details on specific instructions like MOV, MVI, ADD, SUB etc. and explains their operation, opcode, operands and purpose with examples. The 8085 has 246 instructions that are 8-bit binary values called opcodes. The data transfer instructions move data between registers and memory. Arithmetic instructions perform operations like addition, subtraction, increment and decrement.
Logical instruction of 8085
Instruction Set of 8085
Classification of Instruction Set
Logical Instructions
AND, OR, XOR
Logical Instructions
Summary Logical Group
The document discusses the logical instructions of the 8085 microprocessor. It describes that logical instructions perform logical operations like AND, OR, XOR on data in registers and memory. These instructions allow bits in the accumulator to be set on or off. Specific logical instructions are compared like ANA, ANI, ORA, ORI, XRA, XRI. Additional instructions rotate bits in the accumulator and complement or set the carry flag.
The document describes the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It includes data transfer, arithmetic, and branching instructions. Data transfer instructions move data between registers and memory. Arithmetic instructions perform operations like addition, subtraction, increment, and decrement. Branching instructions allow unconditional or conditional jumps in the program flow.
The document summarizes the evolution of Intel microprocessors from 1971 to 1999. It describes key microprocessors including the 4004, 8008, 8080, 8088, 286, 386, 486, Pentium, Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium III, and Celeron. With each generation, transistors increased and features improved to enable more powerful personal computing. The Intel microprocessors established Intel as the dominant force in the PC market and fueled the growth of the personal computer industry.
The 8085 instruction set contains instructions for data transfer, arithmetic, logic, branching, and machine control operations. It has 40 instructions that allow for loading, storing, comparing, incrementing, decrementing data and performing basic math operations. The instruction set enables programs to be written that can process and manipulate data using the microprocessor's registers and memory.
This document summarizes the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It is divided into 5 categories: data transfer operations, arithmetic operations, logical operations, branching operations, and machine control operations. The data transfer operations include instructions to move data between registers and memory locations. The arithmetic operations allow adding, subtracting, incrementing and decrementing values. The logical operations perform AND, OR, XOR and other logical functions. Branching operations allow unconditional and conditional jumps to alter the program flow. Machine control instructions control execution flow.
The document discusses instruction set and addressing modes of the 8085 microprocessor. It defines an instruction as a binary pattern that performs a specific function. The 8085 has 246 instructions represented by 8-bit opcodes. There are 5 addressing modes - immediate, register, direct, indirect and implicit. Instructions are also classified by size and operation. The document outlines different types of instructions like data transfer, arithmetic, logical, branching and control instructions.
The document provides a brief history of Intel processors from 1971 to 2000. It summarizes each processor model, highlighting key specs and their impact. The 4004 was Intel's first microprocessor, powering calculators. The 8008 was twice as powerful. The 8080 was used in the Altair, inspiring the PC revolution. The 8088 powered the IBM PC. Later chips like the 286, 386, and 486 added more power and capabilities. The Pentium brought multimedia and became a household name. Advances continued with models like the Celeron, Xeon, and Pentium 4, bringing more performance for applications like video and internet use.
The document provides details about the Pentium II processor, including that it is part of the P6 family of processors and utilizes Intel's MMX technology. It has multiple low power states for energy efficiency and utilizes a multi-processing system bus like the Pentium Pro. The processor uses a 12-stage pipeline and superscalar architecture to achieve high clock rates. It has an L2 cache in a Single Edge Contact cartridge packaging and uses the same dynamic execution microarchitecture as other P6 family processors.
The document discusses the 8155 Programmable Interface Adapter chip. It can be used to interface I/O devices to a microprocessor like the 8085. The 8155 has programmable I/O ports, a timer, and memory. It is programmed by writing control words to its control register. An example is given of using an 8155 to read temperature data from an ADC and display it on LEDs using handshaking between the 8155 and ADC ports. Pseudocode is provided to initialize the 8155 ports and timer, trigger ADC conversions, read the temperature values, and continuously display updated values.
this presentation is a great to deliver in classrooms, stage or also can be used to deliver lecture on "Evolution of processor".
it is also very helpful to learn about microprocessor, directly we can say its a self pack containing all about microprocessor.
this ppt contains evolution not only on the basis of generations but also on the basis of their invention.
must gothrough it
The document discusses the microprocessor 8085. It covers the following topics over 5 weeks: basic concepts of microprocessors, the architecture of the 8085, addressing modes and instruction set, interrupts, and peripherals. The 8085 is an 8-bit microprocessor that uses 246 bit patterns to form its 74 instruction set. An assembly language uses mnemonics like "INR A" to represent instructions, making programs easier for humans to understand compared to machine language.
The document discusses the architecture of microprocessors, specifically the 8085 microprocessor. It describes the three busses (address, data, control) used by the 8085 and how they function. It then explains the internal architecture of the 8085 including registers like the program counter and stack pointer. Finally, it discusses memory organization and how the microprocessor accesses and reads/writes to memory locations.
Automatic temperature control using 8085 microprocessorsubhradeep mitra
This document describes an automatic temperature control system using an 8085 microprocessor. The system uses an AD590 temperature sensor, differential amplifier, ADC0808 converter, and 8085 microprocessor to control a heater or cooler based on upper and lower temperature setpoints. The system aims to minimize manual intervention in industrial temperature control applications. Key components include the temperature input unit, processing unit, and control output unit. The system provides temperature control with minimal components at low cost.
The document provides instruction on the 8085 microprocessor instruction set. It discusses the different types of instructions including data transfer, arithmetic, and logical instructions. Data transfer instructions move data between registers and memory. Arithmetic instructions perform operations like addition, subtraction, incrementing, and decrementing. Logical instructions perform bitwise operations like AND and OR. The document provides examples of common instructions and explains their purpose and functionality.
The document discusses various instructions of the 8085 processor. It explains instructions like LXI, HLT, LDAX, CMP, STA, and SHLD with examples. LXI loads a 16-bit address into register pairs. HLT halts the processor. LDAX loads the accumulator from memory using an extended register pair. CMP compares data and sets flags. STA stores the accumulator contents in memory. SHLD stores register HL pair contents in memory using direct addressing. It also covers data transfer, arithmetic, logical, branching and control instructions of the 8085 instruction set.
The document provides an overview of the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It is divided into 11 sections that describe different types of data transfer instructions, including MOV, MVI, LDA, STA, and others. Examples are given for each instruction that show the contents of registers and memory before and after instruction execution. The instructions allow moving data between registers and memory in various ways to perform operations.
The document discusses the instruction set of the 8085 microprocessor. It describes that the 8085 has 246 instructions that are 8-bit binary values called opcode or instruction bytes. The instructions are classified into different groups like data transfer, arithmetic, logical, branching, and control instructions. Some key data transfer instructions discussed include MOV, MVI, LXI for moving data between registers and memory. Arithmetic instructions allow operations like addition, subtraction, increment, and decrement.
The 8085 microprocessor is an 8-bit processor with 40 pins. It has multiplexed address and data lines and works on a 5V power supply. It provides 74 instructions with 5 addressing modes and can access 64KB of memory space. Some important pins include the address lines, data lines, read, write, interrupt, and I/O pins. It has arithmetic logic and register groups to perform operations on data stored in registers or memory. Common instructions include MOV, MVI, ADD, SUB, and others to transfer and manipulate data.
The document discusses numerical bases used in programming such as hexadecimal, binary, and BCD. It provides examples of converting between decimal, binary, hexadecimal and BCD representations of numbers. It also summarizes common registers, memory mapping, addressing modes, and basic instructions of the 8051 microcontroller.
The document provides information about the 8085 microprocessor. It describes the 8085 as an 8-bit processor with 40 pins that can access 64KB of memory and 256 I/O ports. It has 5 hardware interrupts, 8 general purpose registers including the program counter and stack pointer, and provides 74 instructions across 5 addressing modes.
The document provides information about the 8085 microprocessor. It describes the 8085 as an 8-bit processor with 40 pins that can access 64KB of memory and 256 I/O ports. It has 5 hardware interrupts, 8 general purpose registers including the program counter and stack pointer, and provides 74 instructions across 5 addressing modes.
The document provides information about the instruction sets of the 8086 microprocessor. It defines what an instruction set is and describes the different instruction formats used by the 8086. The main types of 8086 instructions are then outlined, including data transfer instructions, arithmetic instructions, bit manipulation instructions, branch instructions, and others. Specific instructions like MOV, ADD, SUB, and MUL are explained through examples of their syntax and operation.
The document discusses the 8085 microprocessor. It describes the internal structure of the 8085 including the accumulator, flag register, general purpose registers, stack pointer and program counter. It also covers the instruction set of 8085 including data transfer, arithmetic, logical, branching and machine control instructions as well as addressing modes, instruction format and timing.
The document is a lab report that discusses data transfer instructions in assembly language using the Emu8086 emulator. It includes two tasks - the first sends values to registers, pushes them to the stack, exchanges parts of registers, and pops the values back; the second performs similar operations with more registers. The results are analyzed and shown in tables. The document demonstrates using data instructions in an emulator to transfer values between registers and memory.
Timing diagrams are used to graphically represent the execution time of instructions. They show the time taken by each instruction in T-states. The 8085 microprocessor has 5 basic machine cycles - opcode fetch, memory read, memory write, I/O read, and I/O write. Timing diagrams are shown for sample instructions like MVI B, 43H, INR M, and STA 526AH illustrating the machine cycles used.
The document describes an 8085 microprocessor system and trainer kit. It includes:
- An 8-bit 8085 microprocessor as the CPU.
- Up to 64KB of RAM and 8KB of EPROM memory.
- A 16-bit timer, 8255 I/O ports, and RS-232 interface.
- A keyboard, 7-segment LED display, and connectors for inputs/outputs.
The document classifies and describes the instruction set of the 8051 microcontroller. It discusses the different types of instructions including data transfer, logical, arithmetic, bit-level, rotate/swap, and jump/call instructions. It provides examples of instructions for moving data to and from memory, performing logical and arithmetic operations, manipulating bits, and rotating/swapping values. Details are given on addressing modes, registers, flags, and how the instructions interact with memory and I/O.
The document provides information about the 8085 microprocessor. Some key points:
- The 8085 is an 8-bit processor with 40 pins that uses a multiplexed address/data bus. It operates at clock speeds from 500kHz to 3MHz.
- It has 16 address lines allowing access to 64KB of memory. It provides 5 hardware interrupts and contains registers like the accumulator, flag register, and 6 general purpose registers.
- Important pins include the AD bus, address lines A8-A15, control signals like ALE, RD, WR and status signals like READY. It also has pins for serial I/O and interrupts.
- The architecture includes the arithmetic logic unit,
The instruction set of the 8051 microcontroller is classified into several categories based on the type of operations performed. These include data transfer instructions, byte-level logical instructions, arithmetic instructions, bit-level instructions, rotate and swap instructions, and jump and call instructions. Data transfer instructions move data between registers, memory, and I/O ports using various addressing modes. Byte-level logical instructions perform AND, OR, and XOR operations. Arithmetic instructions support operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Bit-level instructions manipulate individual bits in registers and memory. Rotate and swap instructions rotate and rearrange bits and nibbles in the accumulator.
The instruction set of the 8051 microcontroller is classified into several categories based on the type of operations performed. These include data transfer instructions, byte-level logical instructions, arithmetic instructions, bit-level instructions, rotate and swap instructions, and jump and call instructions. Data transfer instructions move data between registers, memory, and I/O ports using various addressing modes. Byte-level logical instructions perform AND, OR, and XOR operations. Arithmetic instructions support operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Bit-level instructions manipulate individual bits in registers and memory. Rotate and swap instructions rotate and rearrange bits and nibbles in the accumulator.
This document discusses instruction syntax and addressing modes in microcontrollers. It provides details on instruction components like labels, opcodes, and operands. It also explains the different addressing modes like immediate, register, direct, indirect, and indexed addressing. The document then covers various instruction types for 8051 microcontrollers like data transfer instructions, arithmetic instructions, and programming control instructions. Specific instructions like MOV, ADD, SUB, and examples are described in detail.
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ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
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Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
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Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
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Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
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at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
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This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
3. What is Instruction ?????
• An instruction is a binary pattern designed
inside a microprocessor to perform a specific
function.
• 8085 has 246 instructions.
• Each instruction is represented by an 8-bit
binary value.
4. Classification Of Instruction Set
• There are 5 Types,
• (1) Data Transfer Instruction,
• (2) Arithmetic Instructions,
• (3) Logical Instructions,
• (4) Branching Instructions,
• (5) Control Instructions,
5. (1) Data Transfer Instructions
• MOV Rd, Rs
• MOV M, Rs
• MOV Rd, M
• This instruction copies the contents of the
source register into the destination register.
• The contents of the source register are not
altered.
• Example: MOV B,A or MOV M,B or MOV C,M
6. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
A 20 B MOV B,A A 20 B 20
A F A F
B 30 C B 30 C
D E
MOV M,B D E
H 20 L 50 H 20 L 50 30
A F A F
B C B C 40
D E
MOV C,M
D E
H 20 L 50 40 H 20 L 50 40
7. (2) Data Transfer Instructions
• MVI R, Data(8-bit)
• MVI M, Data(8-bit)
• The 8-bit immediate data is stored in the
destination register (R) or memory (M), R is
general purpose 8 bit register such as
A,B,C,D,E,H and L.
• Example: MVI B, 60H or MVI M, 40H
8. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
A F A F
B C B 60 C
D E
MVI B,60H D E
H L H L
BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
204FH 204FH
40
HL=2050H HL=2050H
MVI M,40H
2051H 2051H
9. (3) Data Transfer Instructions
• LDA 16-bit address
• The contents of a memory location, specified
by a 16-bit address in the operand, are
copied to the accumulator (A).
• The contents of the source are not altered.
• Example: LDA 2000H
10. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
A A 30
30 LDA 2000H 30
2000H 2000H
11. (4) Data Transfer Instructions
• LDAX Register Pair
• Load accumulator (A) with the contents of
memory location whose address is specified
by BC or DE or register pair.
• The contents of either the register pair or the
memory location are not altered.
• Example: LDAX D
12. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
A F A 80 F
B C 80 B C 80
2030H 2030H
LDAX D
D 20 E 30 D 20 E 30
13. (5) Data Transfer Instructions
• STA 16-bit address
• The contents of accumulator are copied into
the memory location i.e. address specified by
the operand in the instruction.
• Example: STA 2000 H
14. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
A 50 A 50
50
2000H STA 2000H 2000H
15. (6) Data Transfer Instructions
• STAX Register Pair
• Store the contents of accumulator (A) into
the memory location whose address is
specified by BC Or DE register pair.
• Example: STAX B
16. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
A 50 F A 50 F
B 10 C 20 B 10 C 20 50
1020H 1020H
D E
STAX B D E
17. (7) Data Transfer Instructions
• SHLD 16-bit address
• Store H-L register pair in memory.
• The contents of register L are stored into
memory location specified by the 16-bit
address.
• The contents of register H are stored into the
next memory location.
• Example: SHLD 2500 H
18. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
H 30 L 60 H 30 L 60
60
204FH 204FH
30
2500H SHLD 2500H 2500H
2502H 2502H
19. (8) Data Transfer Instructions
• XCHG
• The contents of register H are exchanged
with the contents of register D.
• The contents of register L are exchanged with
the contents of register E.
• Example: XCHG
20. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
D 20 E 40 D 70 E 80
H 70 L 80 XCHG H 20 L 40
21. (9) Data Transfer Instructions
• SPHL
• Move data from H-L pair to the Stack Pointer
(SP)
• This instruction loads the contents of H-L pair
into SP.
• Example: SPHL
23. (10) Data Transfer Instructions
• XTHL
• Exchange H–L with top of stack
• The contents of L register are exchanged with
the location pointed out by the contents of
the SP.
• The contents of H register are exchanged
with the next location (SP + 1).
• Example: XTHL
24. L=SP
H=(SP+1)
BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
SP 2700 50 SP 2700 40
2700H 2700H
H L H L
30 40 60 60 50 30
2701H 2701H
XTHL
2702H 2702H
25. (11) Data Transfer Instructions
• PCHL
• Load program counter with H-L contents
• The contents of registers H and L are copied into
the program counter (PC).
• The contents of H are placed as the high-order
byte and the contents of L as the low-order byte.
• Example: PCHL
26. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
PC PC 6000
H
60
L
00
PCHL H
60
L
00
27. (12) Data Transfer Instructions
• IN 8-bit port address
• Copy data to accumulator from a port with 8-
bit address.
• The contents of I/O port are copied into
accumulator.
• Example: IN 80 H
29. (13) Data Transfer Instructions
• OUT 8-bit port address
• Copy data from accumulator to a port with 8-
bit address
• The contents of accumulator are copied into
the I/O port.
• Example: OUT 50 H
32. (1) Arithematic Instructions
• ADD R
• ADD M
• The contents of register or memory are added to
the contents of accumulator.
• The result is stored in accumulator.
• If the operand is memory location, its address is
specified by H-L pair.
• Example: ADD C or ADD M
33. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
A 20 A 50
B C 30 B C 30
D E ADD C D E
H L
H L
A=A+R
BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
A 20 ADD M A 30
B C B C
D E
A=A+M D E
H 20 L 50 10 H 20 L 50 10
2050 2050
34. (2) Arithematic Instructions
• ADC R
• ADC M
• The contents of register or memory and Carry Flag
(CY) are added to the contents of accumulator.
• The result is stored in accumulator.
• If the operand is memory location, its address is
specified by H-L pair. All flags are modified to reflect
the result of the addition.
• Example: ADC C or ADC M
35. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
CY 1 CY 0
A 50 A 71
B C 20 B C 20
ADC C
D E D E
A=A+R+CY
H L H L
BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
CY 1 CY 0
2050H 30 ADC M 2050H 30
A 20 A 51
A=A+M+CY
H 20 L 50 H 20 L 50
36. (3) Arithematic Instructions
• ADI 8-bit data
• The 8-bit data is added to the contents of
accumulator.
• The result is stored in accumulator.
• Example: ADI 10 H
38. (4) Arithematic Instructions
• ACI 8-bit data
• The 8-bit data and the Carry Flag (CY) are
added to the contents of accumulator.
• The result is stored in accumulator.
• Example: ACI 20 H
39. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
CY 1 ACI 20H CY 0
A 30
A=A+DATA A 51
(8)+CY
40. (5) Arithematic Instructions
• DAD Register pair
• The 16-bit contents of the register pair are
added to the contents of H-L pair.
• The result is stored in H-L pair.
• If the result is larger than 16 bits, then CY is
set.
• Example: DAD D
41. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
CY 0 CY 0
SP SP
B
D 10
C
E 20
DAD D B
D 10
C
E 20
H 20 L 50 HL=HL+R H 30 L 70
42. (6) Arithematic Instructions
• SUB R
• SUB M
• The contents of the register or memory location are
subtracted from the contents of the accumulator.
• The result is stored in accumulator.
• If the operand is memory location, its address is
specified by H-L pair.
• Example: SUB B or SUB M
43. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
A 50 A 20
B 30 C B 30 C
D E
SUB B D E
H L A=A-R H L
BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
10
A 50 1020H A 40 1020H 10
H L
SUB M H L
10 20
A=A-M 10 20
44. (7) Arithematic Instructions
• SBB R
• SBB M
• The contents of the register or memory location and
Borrow Flag (i.e.CY) are subtracted from the contents of the
accumulator.
• The result is stored in accumulator.
• If the operand is memory location, its address is specified
by H-L pair.
• Example: SBB C or SBB M
45. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
CY 1 CY 0
A 40 A 19
B C 20
SBB C B C 20
D E A=A-R-CY D E
H L H L
BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
CY 1 CY 0
10 10
A 50 2050H A 39 2050H
SBB M
H L H L
20 50 A=A-M-CY 20 50
46. (8) Arithematic Instructions
• SUI 8-bit data
• OPERATION: A=A-DATA(8)
• The 8-bit immediate data is subtracted from
the contents of the accumulator.
• The result is stored in accumulator.
• Example: SUI 45 H
47. (9) Arithematic Instructions
• SBI 8-bit data
• The 8-bit data and the Borrow Flag (i.e. CY) is
subtracted from the contents of the
accumulator.
• The result is stored in accumulator.
• Example: SBI 20 H
48. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
CY 1 CY 0
A 50
SBI 20H A 29
A=A-DATA(8)-CY
49. (10) Arithematic Instructions
• INR R
• INR M
• The contents of register or memory location are
incremented by 1.
• The result is stored in the same place.
• If the operand is a memory location, its address
is specified by the contents of H-L pair.
• Example: INR B or INR M
50. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
A A
B 10 C INR B B 11 C
D
H
E
L
R=R+1 D
H
E
L
BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
H L 30 H L 31
2050H 2050H
20 50
INR M 20 50
M=M+1
51. (11) Arithematic Instructions
• INX Rp
• The contents of register pair are incremented
by 1.
• The result is stored in the same place.
• Example: INX H
52. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
SP SP
B C B C
D E INX H D E
H 10 L 20 H 11 L 21
RP=RP+1
53. (12) Arithematic Instructions
• DCR R
• DCR M
• The contents of register or memory location are
decremented by 1.
• The result is stored in the same place.
• If the operand is a memory location, its address
is specified by the contents of H-L pair.
• Example: DCR E or DCR M
54. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
A A
B C B C
D E 20
DCR E D E 19
H L R=R-1 H L
BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
H L
H L 21 20
20 50 2050H
2050H
20 50 DCR M
M=M-1
55. (13) Arithematic Instructions
• DCX Rp
• The contents of register pair are decremented by
1.
• The result is stored in the same place.
• Example: DCX D
56. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
SP SP
B C B C
D 10 E 20 DCX D D 10 E 19
H L H L
RP=RP-1
57. (1) Logical Instructions
• ANA R
• ANA M
• AND specified data in register or memory with
accumulator.
• Store the result in accumulator (A).
• Example: ANA B, ANA M
58. BEFORE EXECUTION 1010 1010=AAH AFTER EXECUTION
0000 1111=0FH
CY AC CY 0 AC 1
0000 1010=0AH
A AA A 0A
B 10
0F C ANA B B 0F C
D E A=A and R D E
H L H L
BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
0101 0101=55H
CY AC 1011 0011=B3H CY 0 AC 1
B3 0001 0001=11H B3
A 55 2050H A 11 2050H
H 20 L 50 ANA M H 20 L 50
A=A and M
59. (2) Logical Instructions
• ANI 8-bit data
• AND 8-bit data with accumulator (A).
• Store the result in accumulator (A)
• Example: ANI 3FH
60. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
1011 0011=B3H
0011 1111=3FH
0011 0011=33H
CY AC CY 0 AC 1
ANI 3FH
A B3 A=A and DATA(8) A 33
61. (3) Logical Instructions
• XRA Register (8-bit)
• XOR specified register with accumulator.
• Store the result in accumulator.
• Example: XRA C
62. 1010 1010=AAH
BEFORE EXECUTION 0010 1101=2DH AFTER EXECUTION
1000 0111=87H
CY AC CY 0 AC 0
A AA A 87
B 10 C 2D B C 2D
D E
XRA C D E
H L A=A xor R H L
63. (4) Logical Instructions
• XRA M
• XOR data in memory (memory location
pointed by H-L pair) with Accumulator.
• Store the result in Accumulator.
• Example: XRA M
64. 0101 0101=55H
BEFORE EXECUTION 1011 0011=B3H AFTER EXECUTION
1110 0110=E6H
CY AC CY 0 AC 0
B3 XRA M B3
2050H A E6 2050H
A 55
A=A xor M
H 20 L 50 H 20 L 50
65. (5) Logical Instructions
• XRI 8-bit data
• XOR 8-bit immediate data with accumulator (A).
• Store the result in accumulator.
• Example: XRI 39H
66. 1011 0011=B3H
0011 1001=39H
BEFORE EXECUTION 1000 1010=8AH AFTER EXECUTION
CY AC CY 0 AC 0
XRI 39H
A B3 A=A xor DATA(8) A 8A
67. (6) Logical Instructions
• ORA Register
• OR specified register with accumulator (A).
• Store the result in accumulator.
• Example: ORA B
68. 1010 1010=AAH
0001 0010=12H
BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
1011 1010=BAH
CY AC CY 0 AC 0
ORA B
A=A or R
A AA A BA
B 12 C B 12 C
D E D E
H L H L
69. (7) Logical Instructions
• ORA M
• OR specified register with accumulator (A).
• Store the result in accumulator.
• Example: ORA M
70. 0101 0101=55H
1011 0011=B3H
BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
1111 0111=F7H
CY AC CY 0 AC 0
ORA M
A=A or M
B3 B3
A 55 2050H A F7 2050H
H 20 L 50 H 20 L 50
71. (8) Logical Instructions
• ORI 8-bit data
• OR 8-bit data with accumulator (A).
• Store the result in accumulator.
• Example: ORI 08H
72. 1011 0011=B3H
0000 1000=08H
BEFORE EXECUTION 1011 1011=BBH AFTER EXECUTION
CY AC CY 0 AC 0
ORI 08H
A B3 A=A or DATA(8) A BB
73. (9) Logical Instructions
• CMP Register
• CMP M
• Compare specified data in register or memory
with accumulator (A).
• Store the result in accumulator.
• Example: CMP D or CMP M
74. BEFORE EXECUTION A>R: CY=0,Z=0 AFTER EXECUTION
A=R: CY=0,Z=1
CY Z A<R: CY=1,Z=0 CY 0 Z 0
A B8 A B8
B 10 C CMP D B C
D B9 E A-R D B9 E
H L H L
BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
A>M: CY=0,Z=0
A=M: CY=0,Z=1
A<M: CY=1,Z=0
CY Z CY 0 Z 1
B8 B8
A B8 2050H A B8 2050H
CMP M
H 20 L 50 A-M H 20 L 50
75. (10) Logical Instructions
• CPI 8-bit data
• Compare 8-bit immediate data with
accumulator (A).
• Store the result in accumulator.
• Example: CPI 30H
76. A>DATA: CY=0,Z=0
A=DATA: CY=0,Z=1
BEFORE EXECUTION A<DATA: CY=1,Z=0 AFTER EXECUTION
CY Z CY 0 AC 0
CPI 30H
A BA
A-DATA A BA
1011 1010=BAH
82. (14) Logical Instructions
• RLC
• Rotate accumulator left
• Each binary bit of the accumulator is rotated left
by one position.
• Bit D7 is placed in the position of D0 as well as
in the Carry flag.
• CY is modified according to bit D7.
• Example: RLC.
84. (15) Logical Instructions
• RRC
• Rotate accumulator right
• Each binary bit of the accumulator is rotated right by
one
• position.
• Bit D0 is placed in the position of D7 as well as in the
Carry flag.
• CY is modified according to bit D0.
• Example: RRC.
86. (16) Logical Instructions
• RAL
• Rotate accumulator left through carry
• Each binary bit of the accumulator is rotated left
by one position through the Carry flag.
• Bit D7 is placed in the Carry flag, and the Carry
flag is placed in the least significant position D0.
• CY is modified according to bit D7.
• Example: RAL.
88. (17) Logical Instructions
• RAR
• Rotate accumulator right through carry
• Each binary bit of the accumulator is rotated left
by one position through the Carry flag.
• Bit D7 is placed in the Carry flag, and the Carry
flag is placed in the least significant position D0.
• CY is modified according to bit D7.
• Example: RAR
90. Concept of Subroutine
• In 8085 microprocessor a subroutine is a
separate program written aside from main
program ,this program is basically the
program which requires to be executed
several times in the main program.
• The microprocessor can call subroutine any
time using CALL instruction. after the
subroutine is executed the subroutine hands
over the program to main program using RET
instruction.
91. Branching Instructions
• The branch group instructions allows the
microprocessor to change the sequence of
program either conditionally or under certain
test conditions. The group includes,
• (1) Jump instructions,
• (2) Call and Return instructions,
• (3) Restart instructions,
92. (1) Branching Instructions
• JUMP ADDRESS
• BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
PC JMP 2000H PC 2000
• Jump unconditionally to the address.
• The instruction loads the PC with the address
given within the instruction and resumes the
program execution from specified location.
• Example: JMP 200H
93. Conditional Jumps
Instruction Code Decription Condition For Jump
JC Jump on carry CY=1
JNC Jump on not carry CY=0
JP Jump on positive S=0
JM Jump on minus S=1
JPE Jump on parity even P=1
JPO Jump on parity odd P=0
JZ Jump on zero Z=1
JNZ Jump on not zero Z=0
94. (2) Branching Instructions
• CALL address
• Call unconditionally a subroutine whose
starting address given within the
instruction and used to transfer program
control to a subprogram or subroutine.
• Example: CALL 2000H
95. Conditional Calls
Instruction Code Description Condition for CALL
CC Call on carry CY=1
CNC Call on not carry CY=0
CP Call on positive S=0
CM Call on minus S=1
CPE Call on parity even P=1
CPO Call on parity odd P=0
CZ Call on zero Z=1
CNZ Call on not zero Z=0
96. (3) Branching Instructions
• RET
• Return from the subroutine unconditionally.
• This instruction takes return address from the
stack and loads the program counter with
this address.
• Example: RET
97. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
SP 27FD 00 SP 27FF 00
27FDH 27FDH
PC PC 6200
27FEH 62 27FEH 62
RET
27FFH 27FFH
98. (4) Branching Instructions
• RST n
• Restart n (0 to 7)
• This instruction transfers the program control
to a specific memory address. The processor
multiplies the RST number by 8 to calculate
the vector address.
• Example: RST 6
99. BEFORE EXECUTION AFTER EXECUTION
SP-1
SP 3000 SP 2999 01
2FFEH 2FFEH
PC 2000 PC 0030
2FFFH 20
RST 6 2FFFH
3000H 3000H
ADDRESS OF THE NEXT INSTRUCTION IS 2001H
101. (1) Control Instructions
• NOP
• No operation
• No operation is performed.
• The instruction is fetched and decoded but no
operation is executed.
• Example: NOP
102. (2) Control Instructions
• HLT
• Halt
• The CPU finishes executing the current
instruction and halts any further execution.
• An interrupt or reset is necessary to exit from
the halt state.
• Example: HLT
103. (3) Control Instructions
• RIM
• Read Interrupt Mask
• This is a multipurpose instruction used to read the
status of interrupts 7.5, 6.5, 5.5 and read serial data
input bit.
• The instruction loads eight bits in the accumulator
with the following interpretations.
• Example: RIM
105. • SIM
• Set Interrupt Mask
• This is a multipurpose instruction and used to
implement the 8085 interrupts 7.5, 6.5, 5.5, and
serial data output.
• The instruction interprets the accumulator
contents as follows.
• Example: SIM