The document is a lab report that discusses data transfer instructions in assembly language using the Emu8086 emulator. It includes two tasks - the first sends values to registers, pushes them to the stack, exchanges parts of registers, and pops the values back; the second performs similar operations with more registers. The results are analyzed and shown in tables. The document demonstrates using data instructions in an emulator to transfer values between registers and memory.

1. Lab Report 02
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LAB 02
Implementing Data Instructions in Emu8086
Objective:
Learn
 How 8086 executes data instructions
.
Learn how to:
 Write programs in Emu8086 using data instructions
 Write a complete assembly program.
 Use Emu8086 to execute written programs
 Use Emu8086 to execute single instruction at a time.
 Edit an existing source program.
Lab Outcomes:
Practice 8086 Emulator
 Loading, verifying and saving machine code of data instructions.
 Executing data instructions and tracing programs.
1. Data Transfer Instructions: These instructions are used to transfer the data from source
operand to destination operand. All the store, move, load, exchange, input and output
instructions belong to this group.
General purpose byte or word transfer instructions:
(a) MOV : Copy byte or word from specified source to specified destination
(b) PUSH : Push the specified word to top of the stack
(c) POP : Pop the word from top of the stack to the specified location
(d) XCHG : Exchange the contents of the specified source and destination operands one
of which may be a register or memory location.
(e) PUSHA : Push all registers to the stack
(f) POPA : Pop the words from stack to all registers

2. Lab Report 02
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Task 1: Write an assembly language program in which you will send three 16-bit
numbers to AX, BX and CX registers respectively. After that PUSH the values of the
registers to the stack. Furthermore, exchange the contents of AL with AH register, BL
with BH register and CL with CH register. Now, POP the values back to AX, BX and
CX registers. Check the final results in the registers and compare it with the previous
values.
Coding in emu8086:
MOV AX,07A2H
MOV BX,1A63H
MOV CX,08C3H
PUSH AX
PUSH BX
PUSH CX
XCHG AL,AH
XCHG BL,BH
XCHG CL,CH
POP AX
POP BX
POP CX

3. Lab Report 02
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Running emu step by step:
1st
step: Storing 07A2 in AX register
Analysis:
Value is stored in AX register and address of IP also changed.

4. Lab Report 02
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2nd
step: Storing 1A63 in BX register.
Analysis:
Value is stored in BX register and address of IP also changed.

5. Lab Report 02
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3rd
step: Storing 08C3 in CX register.
Analysis:
Value is stored in CX register and address of IP also changed.

6. Lab Report 02
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4th
step: Now pushing all the three registers to stack.
Analysis:
All the registers are pushed to stack but address of IP and SP is also changed for each
time when a register is pushed into stack.

7. Lab Report 02
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5th
step: Exchanging the values of AL with AH.
Analysis:
Value of AL and AH are exchanged.

8. Lab Report 02
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6th
step: Exchanging the values of BL with BH.
Analysis:
Values of BL and BH are exchanged.

9. Lab Report 02
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7th
step: Exchanging the values of CL with CH.
Analysis:
Values of CL and CH are exchanged.

10. Lab Report 02
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8th
step: Pop all values of registers from stack.
Analysis:
All values of registers are poped again from stack to registers. But values of AX and
CX are interchanged because stack works on last in first out (LIFO).
As after every command addresses of registers are changed respectively which are analysed
in table 1.

11. Lab Report 02
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Table no 1
Task #2: Write an assembly language program in which you will send random values
to AX,BX,CX,DX,SI,DI,SP and BP. Push all the values to stack. After that clear all the
registers except SP. Now, Pop all the stack values to the above mentioned register again.
Check the final results and compare with the previous values.
Coding in emu8086:
MOV AX,283AH
MOV BX,83C2H
MOV CX,0928H
MOV DX,1234H
MOV SI,0001H
MOV DI,7300H
MOV SP,0100H
MOV BP,0199H
PUSHA
MOV AX,0000H
MOV BX,0000H
MOV CX,0000H
MOV DX,0000H
MOV SI,0000H
MOV DI,0000H
MOV BP,0000H
POPA
HLT
Instructions
AX BX CX DX CS IP SS SP BP SI DI DS ES
AL AH BL BH CL CH DL DH
MOV
AX,07A2H
A2 07 00 00 00 00 00 00 0100 0003 0100 FFFE 0000 0000 0000 0100 0100
MOV
BX,1A63H
A2 07 63 1A 00 00 00 00 0100 0006 0100 FFFE 0000 0000 0000 0100 0100
MOV
CX,08C3H
A2 07 63 1A C3 08 00 00 0100 0009 0100 FFFE 0000 0000 0000 0100 0100
PUSH AX A2 07 63 1A C3 08 00 00 0100 000A 0100 FFFC 0000 0000 0000 0100 0100
PUSH BX A2 07 63 1A C3 08 00 00 0100 000B 0100 FFFA 0000 0000 0000 0100 0100
PUSH CX A2 07 63 1A C3 08 00 00 0100 000C 0100 FFF8 0000 0000 0000 0100 0100
XCHG AL,AH 07 A2 63 1A C3 08 00 00 0100 000E 0100 FFF8 0000 0000 0000 0100 0100
XCHG BL,BH 07 A2 1A 63 C3 08 00 00 0100 0010 0100 FFF8 0000 0000 0000 0100 0100
XCHG CL,CH 07 A2 1A 63 08 C3 00 00 0100 0002 0100 FFF8 0000 0000 0000 0100 0100
POP AX C3 08 1A 63 C3 08 00 00 0100 0013 0100 FFFA 0000 0000 0000 0100 0100
POP BX C3 08 63 1A C3 08 00 00 0100 0014 0100 FFFC 0000 0000 0000 0100 0100
POP CX C3 08 63 1A A2 07 00 00 0100 0015 0100 FFFE 0000 0000 0000 0100 0100

12. Lab Report 02
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Running emu step by step:
1st
step: Storing 283A in AX register.
Analysis: 283A is stored in AX.

13. Lab Report 02
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2nd
Step : Storing 83C2 in BX.
Analysis: Value 83C2 is stored in BX.
3rd
step: Storing 0928 in CX
Analysis: Value 0928 is stored in CX.

14. Lab Report 02
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4th
step: Storing 1234 in DX.
Analysis: 1234 is stored in DX but address of IP also changed.
5th
step: storing 0001 in SI.
Analysis: 0001 is stored in SI but address of IP also changed.

15. Lab Report 02
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6th
step: Storing 7300 in DI.
Analysis: 7300 is stored in DI but address of IP also changed.
7th
step: Storing 0100 in SP register.
Analysis: 0100 is stored in SP but address of IP also changed.

16. Lab Report 02
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8th
step: Storing 0199 in BP register.
Analysis: 0199 is stored in BP but address of IP also changed.
9th
step: Pushing all registers to stack register.
Analysis: All values of registers are pushed to stack but address of IP and SP also changed.

17. Lab Report 02
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10th
step: Clearing all registers except SP by storing 0000 in it.
Analysis: All registers are cleared except SP.
11th
Step: Pop all values of registers from stack.
Analysis: All values of registers are pop to them again.

18. Lab Report 02
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Table 2
Conclusion:
In this lab I had learnt to write programs in Emu8086 using data instructions,
complete assembly program, execute written programs and single instruction at a time.
Also I learnt to edit an existing source program.
I had practiced 8086 Emulator loading, verifying and saving machine code of data
instructions, executing data instructions and tracing programs.
Results are shown in table 1 and table 2.
Instructions
AX BX CX DX CS IP SS SP BP SI DI DS ES
AL AH BL BH CL CH DL DH
MOV
AX,283AH
3A 28 00 00 00 00 00 00 0100 0003 0100 FFFE 0000 0000 0000 0100 0100
MOV
BX,83C2H
3A 28 83 C2 00 00 00 00 0100 0006 0100 FFFE 0000 0000 0000 0100 0100
MOV
CX,0928H
3A 28 83 C2 09 28 00 00 0100 0009 0100 FFFE 0000 0000 0000 0100 0100
MOV
DX,1234H
3A 28 83 C2 09 28 12 34 0100 000C 0100 FFFE 0000 0000 0000 0100 0100
MOV
SI,0001H
3A 28 83 C2 09 28 12 34 0100 000F 0100 FFFE 0000 0001 0000 0100 0100
MOV
DI,7300H
3A 28 83 C2 09 28 12 34 0100 0012 0100 FFFE 0000 0001 7300 0100 0100
MOV
SP,0100H
3A 28 83 C2 09 28 12 34 0100 0015 0100 0100 0000 0001 7300 0100 0100
MOV
BP,0199H
3A 28 83 C2 09 28 12 34 0100 0018 0100 0100 0199 0001 7300 0100 0100
PUSHA 3A 28 83 C2 09 28 12 34 0100 0019 0100 00F0 0199 0001 7300 0100 0100
MOV
AX,0000H
00 00 83 C2 09 28 12 34 0100 001C 0100 00F0 0199 0001 7300 0100 0100
MOV
BX,0000H
00 00 00 00 09 28 12 34 0100 001F 0100 00F0 0199 0001 7300 0100 0100
MOV
CX,0000H
00 00 00 00 00 00 12 34 0100 0022 0100 00F0 0199 0001 7300 0100 0100
MOV
DX,0000H
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0100 0025 0100 00F0 0199 0001 7300 0100 0100
MOV
SI,0000H
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0100 0028 0100 00F0 0199 0000 7300 0100 0100
MOV
DI,0000H
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0100 002B 0100 00F0 0199 0000 0000 0100 0100
MOV
BP,0000H
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0100 002E 0100 00F0 0000 0000 0000 0100 0100
POPA 3A 28 83 C2 09 28 12 34 0100 002F 0100 0100 0199 0001 7300 0100 0100