The lesson plan summarizes traditional methods of agriculture used in Kuttanad, Kerala. Farmers there historically cultivated seeds like chambavu and karutha chara that took longer to grow. They relied on methods like using water wheels for drainage before pumps. The system involved landlords (janmis) who had bonded laborers (onappanikars) who received wages in advance in a system called vellakkadam. Traditional farming faced challenges like difficulties from frequent water logging.

1. INNOVATIVE LESSON PLAN
ANEEJA R. D.
Social Science
169/13376002

2. NAME OF THE TEACHER : ANEEJA R. D. STANDARD : VIII
NAME OF THE SCHOOL : DIVISION :
NAME OF THE SUBJECT : SOCIAL SCIENCE STRENGHT :
NAME OF THE UNIT : KUTTAND AND THE LIKE OF THE PEOPLE DURATION : 45 MTS
NAME OF THE SUB UNIT : TRADITIONAL METHODS OF APRICUTTURE IN KUTTAND DATE :
CURRICULAR STATEMENT : Understand traditional methods of agriculture in Kuttanad.
LEARNING OUTCOME : 1. To compare different types of agriculture in Kuttnaad.
2. To know traditional method of agriculture.
3. To find out challenges faced by farmers in Kuttand in agriculture.
CONTENT ANALYSIS
TERMS : Chambavu, Karutha Chara, Onappanikar, Vellakadam
PLACES : Vembanadu, Alapuzha, Kazhamkulam
FACTS : 1. The cultivation in Kuttanad taking place once in two or three years.
2. They were cultivating only seeds of paddy like chambavu and karuthachamba which take time to
grow and harvest.
3. Prior to the arrival of the present pump sets, water wheels where used for dranining.
4. In order to avoid the monotoney of operating the water wheels they would sing songs.
5. Janmi - Kudiyan (land lord - tenant) system was followed in Kuttanad.
6. All the Janmis had adiyalar (bondled labourers) and were called “Onappanikka”
7. The Agricultural labourers used to receive paddy and money in advance. This practice was known as
“Velakkadam”
8. It was through Vembanad lake that the transporting of the trade to kochin. Alappuzha and Kayamkulam
take place.
9. Sree Moolam Thirunal of Travancore the robberies were prohibited by law on the basis of Peoples complaint.
CONCEPT : The Farmers face a lot of difficulties while cultivating paddy.
PRE REQUISTE : Students have some knowledge about traditional methods of cultivation.
TEACHING - LEARNING
RESOURCES : ♦ Picture of equipments used in agriculture in past.
♦ A chart which contain the difficulties in agriculture in Kuttanad.

3. Classroom Interaction Prceedure Pupil Response
Introduction
1. Do you have agriculture in your locality?
2. Which types of crops are cultivated?
3. Is all crops are cultivated in same manner?
4. Which method, (Traditional or modern is better?
Yes traditional occupation are good After explaning this teacher enters in the presentation of topic
B.B.
“Traditional Methods of Agriculture of Kuttanad”
PRESENTATION
Activity - 1
Teacher asks the student have you heared about traditional method of agriculture. Then the teacher discusses
about seeds cultivating in traditional way with help of a slide show.
The cultivation was taking place once in two or three years.
They were cultivating only seeds of paddy like ‘Chambavu’
and Karutha Chara’ which take time to grow and harves.
Activity - 2
Then teacher presents another slide, for explaning traditional methods in agriculture.
♦ Elevated bunds were made to strengthen the borders of the field
subjected to water logging.
♦ Prior to the arrival of the present pumb sets, water wheels were used
for draning.
Activity - 3
Then teacher discusses about Vellakkadam with the help of a slide show.
VELAKKADAM
The agricultural labourers used to receive paddy
and money in Advance.

4. Activity - 4
For discussing about what you mean by “Onnapanikar” teacher presents the next slide.
ONNAPANIKAR
The Janmi - Kudiyan relation was based on caste system. All the
Janmis hade Adiyalar (bonded laboures)
Activity - 5
For discussing about the topic “The Problems faced by the farmers “teacher divided students
in to four group. Students write their points. Then group leader presents their answer. Then
speaking about major point in the topic teacher concluded the topic.
REVIEW
1. Who prohibitted robberiers by law?
2. What you mena by Onnapanikar?
3. Which practice known as Vellakkadam?
4. Which are the seeds used for traditional cultivation in Kuttanad?
FOLLOW UP ACTIVITY
Create a table discribing the difference between traditional methods and modern methods of agriculture?