David J. Spielman COUNTRY WORKSHOP The Knowledge Lab on Climate Resilient Food Systems: An analytical support facility to achieve the SDGs Co-Organized by IFPRI and AGRA FEB 7, 2019 - 08:30 AM TO 05:55 PM EAT

1. Information, innovation and behavior:
powering ICT-mediated extension
David J Spielman
International Food Policy Research Institute

2. Knowledge is power… its absence is
impoverishing
 Day to day, we all make decisions under constrained circumstances
o In the absence of critical information
o Failing to notice important details
o Believing things that are not true
o Relying on rules of thumb
o Reverting to our personal preferences
Poverty often exacerbates these circumstances

3. Laggards
Late adopters
Early adopters
Innovators
time
0%
100%
Rogers’ (1962)
adoption curve
These constraints are common in
smallholder agriculture

4. ICTs can enable information sharing and
behavioral change
Appeal Customizability Consistency Cost Context

5. ICTs are more than a pretty face
Hyperlocalization Mediation
Back-end analytics
Augmentation

6. And their proof is in the pudding
ICT design elements
 Video-enabled extension
 Interactive voice response services
 SMS reminders
 Tablet-based mediation
 Portable video projection
 App-based services
 ICT service hubs
 Group-based mediation
 Individualized mediation
What
works?
For
whom?
In what
context?
At what
cost?

7. Study focus: Ethiopia
Teff
Wheat
Maize
Row planting
Lower seed rate
Urea side dressing

8. Study focus: Uganda
Maize
Quality inputs
Improved management
Business orientation

9. Crop ITT
↑ over
control
Control
mean
Teff 0.06*** 36% 0.16
Wheat 0.04* 20% 0.17
Maize 0.04* 5% 0.65
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Teff Wheat Maize
Control
Video
Ethiopia: Adoption, row planting

10. Crop ITT
↑ over
control
Control
mean
Teff 0.08*** 22% 0.37
Wheat 0.08*** 25% 0.33
Maize 0.03 - 0.51
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Teff Wheat Maize
Control
Video
Ethiopia: Adoption, urea side dressing

11. Uganda: Intra-HH information sharing
Messenger
Male Female Couple
Recipient
Male
385 385 369
Female
385 385 369
Couple
342 342 369

12. Uganda: Women’s empowerment
Messenger
Male Female Couple
Recipient
Male
385 385 369
Female
342 342 369
Couple
342 342 369

13. Conclusion
Outcomes may vary
But small design attributes
In how we use ICTS
can influence the effectiveness and inclusivity
of agricultural extension

14. Thank you