Influence of color to gray conversion on the performance of document image binarization toward a novel optimization problem

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Engineering

Logic Mind Technologies
Vijayangar (Near Maruthi Medicals), Bangalore-40
Ph: 8123668124 // 8123668066
Title: Influence of Color-to-Gray Conversion on
the Performance of Document Image
Binarization: Toward a Novel Optimization
Problem
Abstract—This paper presents a novel preprocessing method of color-to-gray
document image conversion. In contrast to the conventional methods designed for
natural images that aim to preserve the contrast between different classes in the
converted gray image, the proposed conversion method reduces as much as
possible the contrast (i.e., intensity variance) within the text class. It is based on
learning a linear filter from a predefined data set of text and background pixels
that: 1) when applied to background pixels, minimizes the output response and 2)
when applied to text pixels, maximizes the output response, while minimizing the
intensity variance within the text class. Our proposed method (called learning-
based color-to-gray) is conceived to be used as preprocessing for document image
binarization. A data set of 46 historical document images is created and used to
evaluate subjectively and objectively the proposed method. The method
demonstrates drastically its effectiveness and impact on the performance of state-
of-the-art binarization methods. Four other Web-based image data sets are created
to evaluate the scalability of the proposed method.

Software & Hardware requirement:
1. Hardware requirement:
1. PC
2. RAM minimum 2GB
3. HDD minimum 100GB
2. Software requirement:
1. MATLAB 7.0
2. Signal processing toolbox
3. Image processing toolbox
4. Mathematical toolbox
PROJECT FLOW:
First Review:
Literature Survey
Paper Explanation
Design of Project
Project Enhancement explanation
Second Review:
Implementing 40% of Base Paper
Third Review
Implementing Remaining 60% of Base Paper with Future Enhancement
(Modification)
For More Details please contact
Logic Mind Technologies
Vijayangar (Near Maruthi Medicals), Bangalore-40
Ph: 8123668124 // 8123668066
Mail: logicmindtech@gmail.com

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Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry. Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems. Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.

The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair.pdf

Pipe Restoration Solutions

Blood Donation Management System is a web database application that enables the public to make online session reservation, to view nationwide blood donation events online and at the same time provides centralized donor and blood stock database. This application is developed by using ASP.NET technology from Visual Studio with the MySQL 5.0 as the database management system. The methodology used to develop this system as a whole is Object Oriented Analysis and Design; whilst, the database for BDMS is developed by following the steps in Database Life Cycle. The targeted users for this application are the public who is eligible to donate blood ,'system moderator, administrator from National Blood Center and the staffs who are working in the blood banks of the participating hospitals. The main objective of the development of this application is to overcome the problems that exist in the current system, which are the lack of facilities for online session reservation and online advertising on the nationwide blood donation events, and also decentralized donor and blood stock database. Besides, extra features in the system such as security protection by using password, generating reports, reminders of blood stock shortage and workflow tracking can even enhance the efficiency of the management in the blood banks. The final result of this project is the development of web database application, which is the BDMS.

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Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.

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Now a day’s education plays a great role in development of any country. Many of education organizations try to increase education quality. One of the aspects of this improvement is managing of school resources. Education Management System carried on by any individual or institution engaged in providing a services to students, teachers, guardians and other persons are intermediary that performs one or more of the following functionalities – Student Admission, Employee Registration, Student List, Employee List, Student Attendance, Employee Attendance, Student Routine, Result Management, Payroll & Accounts. Education Management System (EMS) is such a service which provides all services for an educational institute to make your life easier and faster by assuring its performance. Easy User Management System, Easy Admission Process, Easy Attendance System. EMS is a system that will provide you a bird’s eye view of the functioning of the entire educational institution. It is a management information system helps to manage the different processes in an educational institution like General Administration, Staff Management, Academics, Student Management, and Accounts etc. The information is made using the latest technologies and help’s to make decision making a lot faster, effective and easier than ever before. Also helps to improve the overall quality of education of the institution. We use database and database technology are having a major impact on the growing use of computers. The implementation of the system was done using c# and SQL Server 2012 technologies, allowing system to be run in Windows OS. In a nutshell, Education Management Software managed your education institution by simplifying and automating processes and addressing the needs of all stakeholders helping them to be more efficient in their respective roles.

School management system project report.pdf

Kamal Acharya

This project is being considered in order to reduce and totally eliminate loss of customers to competitors, and save the company from folding up. The current system is manual and it is time consuming. It is also cost ineffective, and average return is low and diminishing. Currently, customers can call or walk-in in order to rent or reserve a vehicle. The staff of the company will check their file to see which vehicle is available for rental. The current system is error prone and customers are dissatisfied. The goal of this project is to automate vehicle rental and reservation so that customers do not need to walk-in or call in order to reserve a vehicle. They can go online and reserve any kind of vehicle they want and that is available. Even when a customer chooses to walk-in, computers are available for him to go online and perform his reservation. When he choose to reserve by phone, any of the customer service representatives can help him reserve the vehicle speedily and issue him a reservation number. The VRS will maintain the database of all vehicles the company has. It will also keep track of all vehicle reservation and return. Reports will be generated bi-weekly. Reports for the Accounts Manager will detail the cost incurred to maintain each vehicle and revenue accrued on each vehicle. Reports for the Maintenance Manager will detail the present mileage of the car in order for him to take care of the vehicle servicing, and when each vehicle will be due for tag renewal. The Branch Manager’s report will detail total cost incurred and total revenue accrued, and the status of each vehicle so that he can decide whether to sell the vehicle or still keep it.

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Laundry firms currently use a manual system for the management and maintenance of critical information. The current system requires numerous paper forms, with data stores spread throughout the laundry management infrastructure. Often information is incomplete or does not follow management standards. Records are often lost in transit during computation requiring a comprehensive auditing process to ensure that no vital information is lost. Multiple copies of the same information exist in the laundry firm data and may lead to inconsistencies in data in various data stores. A significant part of the operation of any laundry firm involves the acquisition, management and timely retrieval of great volumes of information. This information typically involves; customer personal information and clothing records history, user information, price of delivery and received date, users scheduling as regards customers details and dealings in service rendered, also our products package waiting list. All of this information must be managed in an efficient and cost wise fashion so that the organization resources may be effectively utilized. We present the design and implementation of a laundry database management system (LBMS) used in a laundry establishment. Laundry firms are usually faced with difficulties in keeping detailed records of customers clothing; this little problem as seen to most laundry firms is highly discouraging as customers are filled with disappointments, arising from issues such as customer clothes mix-ups and untimely retrieval of clothes. The aim of this application is to determine the number of clothes collected, in relation to their owners, as this also helps the users fix a date for the collection of their clothes. Also customer’s information is secured, as a specific id is allocated per registration to avoid contrasting information.

Laundry management system project report.pdf

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Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering. This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom. Author: Robbie Edward Sayers Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey. (C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers

HYDROPOWER - Hydroelectric power generation

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Q.1 A single plate clutch with both sides of the plate effective is required to transmit 25 kW at 1600 r.p.m. The outer diameter of the plate is limited to 300 mm and the intensity of pressure between the plates not to exceed 0.07N / m * m ^ 2 Assuming uniform wear and coefficient of friction 0.3, find the inner diameter of the plates and the axial force necessary to engage the clutch. Q.2 A multiple disc clutch has radial width of the friction material as 1/5th of the maximum radius. The coefficient of friction is 0.25. Find the total number of discs required to transmit 60 kW at 3000 r.p.m. The maximum diameter of the clutch is 250 mm and the axial force is limited to 600 N. Also find the mean unit pressure on each contact surface. Q.3 A cone clutch is to be designed to transmit 7.5 kW at 900 r.p.m. The cone has a face angle of 12°. The width of the face is half of the mean radius and the normal pressure between the contact faces is not to exceed 0.09 N/mm². Assuming uniform wear and the coefficient of friction between the contact faces as 0.2, find the main dimensions of the clutch and the axial force required to engage the clutch. Q.4 A cone clutch is mounted on a shaft which transmits power at 225 r.p.m. The small diameter of the cone is 230 mm, the cone face is 50 mm and the cone face makes an angle of 15 deg with the horizontal. Determine the axial force necessary to engage the clutch to transmit 4.5 kW if the coefficient of friction of the contact surfaces is 0.25. What is the maximum pressure on the contact surfaces assuming uniform wear? Q.5 A soft surface cone clutch transmits a torque of 200 N-m at 1250 r.p.m. The larger diameter of the clutch is 350 mm. The cone pitch angle is 7.5 deg and the face width is 65 mm. If the coefficient of friction is 0.2. find: 1. the axial force required to transmit the torque: 2. the axial force required to engage the clutch; 3. the average normal pressure on the contact surfaces when the maximum torque is being transmitted; and 4. the maximum normal pressure assuming uniform wear. Q.6 A single block brake, as shown in Fig. 1. has the drum diameter 250 mm. The angle of contact is 90° and the coefficient of friction between the drum and the lining is 0.35. If the torque transmitted by the brake is 70 N-m, find the force P required to operate the brake. Q.7 The layout and dimensions of a double shoe brake is shown in Fig. 2. The diameter of the brake drum is 300 mm and the contact angle for each shoe is 90°. If the coefficient of friction for the brake lining and the drum is 0.4, find the spring force necessary to transmit a torque of 30 N-m. Also determine the width of the brake shoes, if the bearing pressure on the lining material is not to exceed 0.28N / m * m ^ 2

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Influence of color to gray conversion on the performance of document image binarization toward a novel optimization problem

1. Logic Mind Technologies Vijayangar (Near Maruthi Medicals), Bangalore-40 Ph: 8123668124 // 8123668066 Title: Influence of Color-to-Gray Conversion on the Performance of Document Image Binarization: Toward a Novel Optimization Problem Abstract—This paper presents a novel preprocessing method of color-to-gray document image conversion. In contrast to the conventional methods designed for natural images that aim to preserve the contrast between different classes in the converted gray image, the proposed conversion method reduces as much as possible the contrast (i.e., intensity variance) within the text class. It is based on learning a linear filter from a predefined data set of text and background pixels that: 1) when applied to background pixels, minimizes the output response and 2) when applied to text pixels, maximizes the output response, while minimizing the intensity variance within the text class. Our proposed method (called learning- based color-to-gray) is conceived to be used as preprocessing for document image binarization. A data set of 46 historical document images is created and used to evaluate subjectively and objectively the proposed method. The method demonstrates drastically its effectiveness and impact on the performance of state- of-the-art binarization methods. Four other Web-based image data sets are created to evaluate the scalability of the proposed method.

2. Software & Hardware requirement: 1. Hardware requirement: 1. PC 2. RAM minimum 2GB 3. HDD minimum 100GB 2. Software requirement: 1. MATLAB 7.0 2. Signal processing toolbox 3. Image processing toolbox 4. Mathematical toolbox PROJECT FLOW: First Review: Literature Survey Paper Explanation Design of Project Project Enhancement explanation Second Review: Implementing 40% of Base Paper Third Review Implementing Remaining 60% of Base Paper with Future Enhancement (Modification) For More Details please contact Logic Mind Technologies Vijayangar (Near Maruthi Medicals), Bangalore-40 Ph: 8123668124 // 8123668066 Mail: logicmindtech@gmail.com

Influence of color to gray conversion on the performance of document image binarization toward a novel optimization problem

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