Industrial Temperature Controller System

Industrial Temperature
Controller

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Introduction
Industrial Temperature Controller
 This practical temperature controller controls the temperature of any device
according to its requirement for any industrial application. It also displays the
temperature on an LCD displays in the range of –55°C to +125°C. At the heart
of the circuit is the microcontroller from 8051 family which controls all its
functions.
 The DS1621 Digital Thermometer and Thermostat provides 9-bit temperature
readings, which indicate the temperature of the device. User-defined
temperature settings are stored in a non volatile memory EEPROM through
8051 series microcontroller. Maximum and minimum temperature settings are
entered to the MC through a set of switches which are stored in the EEPROM -
24C02.Maximum and minimum setting are meant for allowing any hysteresis
necessary.

Block Diagram

Hardware Requirements
• Transformer
• Voltage regulator
• Diodes
• Capacitor
• Resistors
• Microcontroller (AT89S52)
• Temperature sensor (DS1621)
• BC547
• Relay
• Lamp
• LCD (16x2)

Software Requirements
 Keil compiler
 Embedded C

Microcontroller (AT89S52)
 It is a smaller computer
 Has on-chip RAM, ROM, I/O ports...

Internal Structure Of A Micro Controller-AT89s52/51

Microcontroller Pin Description

Temperature Sensors
 Measures temperatures from -55°C to +125°C in 0.5°C increments.
Fahrenheit equivalent is -67°F to 257°F in 0.9°F increments.
 Temperature is read as a 9-bit value (2-bytetransfer).
 Wide power supply range (2.7V to 5.5V).
 Converts temperature to digital word in less Than 1 second.
 Thermostatic settings are user definable and Non volatile.

Temperature Sensors
 Data is read from/written via a 2-wire serial interface (open drain I/O
lines).
 Applications include thermostatic controls, industrial systems, consumer
products, thermometers, or any thermal sensitive system.
 It is as 8-pin DIP or SO package.

Relay
 It is a electro magnetic switch
 Used to control the electrical devices
 Copper core magnetic flux plays main role here
 The relay's switch connections are usually labelled COM, NC and NO

Relay
 COM = Common, always connect to this; it is the moving part of the itch.
 NC = Normally Closed, COM is connected to this when the relay coil is off.
 NO = Normally Open, COM is connected to this when the relay coil is on

BC547 Transistor
 The BC547 transistor is an NPN Epitaxial Silicon Transistor.
 The BC547 transistor is a general-purpose transistor in small plastic
packages.
 It is used in general-purpose switching and amplification BC847/BC547
series 45 V, 100 mA NPN general-purpose transistors.
 Whenever base is high, then current starts flowing through base and
emitter and after that only current will pass from collector to emitter

 A capacitor or condenser is a passive electronic component consisting of a
pair of conductors separated by a dielectric.
 When a voltage potential difference exists between the conductors, an
electric field is present in the dielectric.
 This field stores energy and produces a mechanical force between the plates.
 The effect is greatest between wide, flat, parallel, narrowly separated
conductors.
Capacitor

LED
Features
 Water Clear Lens
 850nm Wavelength
 Forward Voltage - 1.7V
 A light-emitting diode (LED) is an electronic light source.
 LEDs are used as indicator lamps here.

LCD - Liquid Crystal Display
 A liquid crystal display (LCD) is a thin, flat display device.
 It made up of any number of colour or monochrome pixels arrayed in front of
a light source or reflector.
 Each pixel consists of a column of liquid crystal molecules.
 It suspended between two transparent electrodes, and two polarizing filters,
the axes of polarity of which are perpendicular to each other.
 Many microcontroller devices use 'smart LCD' displays to output visual
information.

LCD - Liquid Crystal Display
Data can be placed at any location on the LCD. For 16×2 LCD, the address locations are:
First line 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 through 8F
Second line C0 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 through CF

Working
 The project uses a digital temperature sensor DS1621 the surface which
is capable of sensing the temperature & delivering digital data at its
output which are connected to the controller.
 The LCD displays the present temperature, maximum temperature and
minimum temperature. The maximum and minimum values are entered
through switches attached to the microcontroller.
 The maximum and minimum settings are stored in the EEPROM. If the
temperature goes below the minimum value the heater is on as indicated
by a lamp connected through a relay driven by a transistor connected to
the microcontroller. If the temperature crosses the maximum value the
heater is switched off.

Why Do We Need Temperature Controllers?
 Temperature controllers are needed in any situation requiring a given
temperature be kept stable.
 When an object is required to be heated, cooled or both and to remain
at the target temperature (set point).
 Regardless of the changing environment around it.
 There are two fundamental types of temperature control; open loop and
closed loop control.

Applications
 This device is extensively used in the manufacturing sector, automobile
company, steel and Iron Company, food processing company and medical
sector etc.
 A basic temperature controller provides control of industrial or laboratory
heating and cooling processes.
 To encounter the accurate level of temperature is very crucial and it becomes
very necessary in the manufacturing process.
 Monitoring and controlling of temperature helps in maintaining the quality of
the product.

Conclusion
 Temperature control comes in the digital version that makes the work of
the user easy and can run the tool without any complication. The exact
numbers can be seen on the device screen and it is very beneficial for the
firm to see the accurate level of temperature available in the room. You can
easily buy this device from the market or can buy it online as well.

Industrial Temperature Controller System

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